人因工程在无人机中的应用及展望
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摘要
近年来,无人机得到了越来越广泛的应用。将人因工程应用到无人机的设计中,能提升无人机操作的安全与效率。本文总结了无人机的界面评估方法和工具,对比了无人机驾驶员工作负荷的主观测量及生理测量方法,并提出自动化、多感觉通道等未来研究切入点,为无人机适航规章及标准的出台和完善提供参考,进一步提升无人机的安全性。
In recent years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) have been applied more and more widely. The application of human factor engineering in UAV design can improve safety and efficiency of UAV operation. The paper summarize the assessment methods and tools for UAV interface, compare the subjective and physiological measurement methods of UAV operator's workload, and put forward future research breakthrough points such as automation and multi-sensory modality. Our research could provide references for the establishment and improvement of regulations and standards of UAV airworthiness, and further improve the safety of UAV.
In recent years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) have been applied more and more widely. The application of human factor engineering in UAV design can improve safety and efficiency of UAV operation. The paper summarize the assessment methods and tools for UAV interface, compare the subjective and physiological measurement methods of UAV operator's workload, and put forward future research breakthrough points such as automation and multi-sensory modality. Our research could provide references for the establishment and improvement of regulations and standards of UAV airworthiness, and further improve the safety of UAV.
引文
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[12]Reiner M,Gelfeld T M.Estimating mental workload through event-related fluctuations of pupil area during a task in a virtual world[J].International Journal of Psychophysiology,2014,93(1):38-44.(责任编辑皮卫东)
[2]Demir K A,Cicibas H,Arica N.Unmanned aerial vehicle domain:Areas of research[J].Defence Science Journal,201565(4):319-329.
[3]Yesilbas V,Cotter T S.Structural analysis of HFACS in unmanned and manned air vehicles[C]//Proceedings of the International Annual Conference of the American Society for Engineering Management.American Society for Engineering Management,2014.
[4]Cummings M L,Myers K,Scott S D.Modified Cooper Harper evaluation tool for unmanned vehicle displays[C]//Proceedings of UVS Canada:Conference on Unmanned Vehicle Systems Canada,2006.
[5]Donmez B,Cummings M L,Graham H D,et al.Modified cooper harper scales for assessing unmanned vehicle displays[C]//Proceedings of the 10th Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems Workshop.ACM,2010:235-242.
[6]Irizarry J,Gheisari M,Walker B N.Usability assessment of drone technology as safety inspection tools[J].Journal of Information Technology in Construction,2012,17(12):194-212.
[7]Ponsa P,Amante B,Díaz M.Ergonomic design applied in a sugar mill interface[J].Latin American Applied Research,2010,40(1):27-33.
[8]Lorite S,Mu?oz A,Tornero J,et al.Supervisory control interface design for unmanned aerial vehicles through GEDIS-UAV[C]//International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction.Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg,2013:231-240.
[9]Song J,Zhuang D,Song G,et al.Pilot mental workload measurement and evaluation under dual task[C]//2011 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics.IEEE,2011.
[10]Ayaz H,Shewokis P A,Bunce S,et al.Optical brain monitoring for operator training and mental workload assessment[J].Neuroimage,2012,59(1):36-47.
[11]Harriott C E,Buford G L,Adams J A,et al.Mental workload and task performance in peer-based human-robot teams[J].Journal of Human-Robot Interaction,2015,4(2):61-96.
[12]Reiner M,Gelfeld T M.Estimating mental workload through event-related fluctuations of pupil area during a task in a virtual world[J].International Journal of Psychophysiology,2014,93(1):38-44.(责任编辑皮卫东)