古尔班通古特沙漠旱生植物时空分布特征
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摘要
根据2000—2016年MODIS NDVI数据提取旱生植物的时空格局,并结合MODIS地表温度数据和TRMM降水数据,我们分析了古尔班通古特沙漠旱生植物的空间分布和变化特征。结果表明:(1) 2000—2016年间,古尔班通古特沙漠旱生植物覆盖的年际波动明显,但整体呈现缓慢上升趋势;(2)沙漠中旱生植物覆盖空间分布具有明显的地区差异性,位于南部靠近农田地区的覆盖最高,中东部地区次之,西北部最少;(3)古尔班通古特沙漠反映旱生植物长势的NDVI值与温度及降水呈现正相关,降水对NDVI的影响大于温度,并且NDVI与温度或降水之间存在明显的滞后效应,降水与NDVI之间的滞后效应更强。
The spatial distribution and variation of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert were analyzed based on the normalized difference vegetation index( NDVI) extracted from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer( MODIS)data from 2000 to 2016 combining MODIS surface temperature and TRMM precipitation data. The results showed that:( 1)during 2000—2016,the coverage of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert fluctuated inter—annually,but steadily increased overall;( 2) the spatial distribution of xerophytes in the desert showed obvious regional differences. The coverage was higher in the southern farmland area,lower in the central and eastern part,and lowest in the northwestern part;( 3)the NDVI values reflecting the growth of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert was positively correlated with temperature and precipitation,and the effect of precipitation was greater than that of temperature. An obvious hysteresis effect existed between the NDVI value and temperature or precipitation,and was stronger between the NDVI value and precipitation.
The spatial distribution and variation of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert were analyzed based on the normalized difference vegetation index( NDVI) extracted from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer( MODIS)data from 2000 to 2016 combining MODIS surface temperature and TRMM precipitation data. The results showed that:( 1)during 2000—2016,the coverage of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert fluctuated inter—annually,but steadily increased overall;( 2) the spatial distribution of xerophytes in the desert showed obvious regional differences. The coverage was higher in the southern farmland area,lower in the central and eastern part,and lowest in the northwestern part;( 3)the NDVI values reflecting the growth of xerophytes in the Gurbantunggut Desert was positively correlated with temperature and precipitation,and the effect of precipitation was greater than that of temperature. An obvious hysteresis effect existed between the NDVI value and temperature or precipitation,and was stronger between the NDVI value and precipitation.
引文
[1]李正理.旱生植物的形态和结构.生物学通报,1981,(4):9-12.
[2]刘家琼,蒲锦春,刘新民.我国沙漠中部地区主要不同生态类型植物的水分关系和旱生结构比较研究.植物学报,1987,29(6):662-673.
[3]Fahn A,Shchori Y.The organization of the secondary conducting tissue in species of the Chenopodiaceae.Phytomorphology,1967,17:147-154.
[4]Anderson J E.Factors controlling transpiration and photosynthesis in Tamarax chinensis Lour.Ecology,1982,63(1):46-50.
[5]Sandquist D R,Ehleringer J R.Intra specific variation of drought adaptation in brittlebush:leaf pubescence and timing of leaf loss vary with rainfall.Oecologia,1998,113(2):162-169.
[6]Pyankov V I,Gunin P D,Tsoog S,Black C C.C4plants in the vegetation of Mongolia:their natural occurrence and geographical distribution in relation to climate.Oecologia,2000,123(1):15-31.
[7]陈庆诚,孙仰文,张国樑.疏勒河中下游植物群落优势种生态-结构特性的初步研究.兰州大学学报,1961(2):61-69.
[8]王勋陵,马骥.从旱生植物叶结构探讨其生态适应的多样性.生态学报,1999,19(6):787-792.
[9]魏良民.几种旱生植物碳水化合物和蛋白质变化的研究.干旱区研究,1991,8(4):38-41.
[10]周智彬,李培军.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究.干旱区研究,2002,19(2):35-40.
[11]李三相.Na-+与多浆旱生植物霸王抗旱性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2006.
[12]鲁艳,何明珠,马全林,赵昕,苏延桂.镍胁迫对7种旱生植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.种子,2009,28(6):26-29,33-33.
[13]包秀霞,廉勇,包秀平.旱生植物抗旱机制研究进展.北方农业学报,2016,44(6):104-108.
[14]李杨,刘艳,张璞,尹育红.古尔班通古特沙漠NDVI时空变化特征.干旱区研究,2009,26(5):686-693.
[15]段呈,吴玲,王绍明,贺凌云.近30年古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物的时空格局.生态学报,2017,37(8):2642-2652.
[16]钟德才.中国现代沙漠动态变化及其发展趋势.地球科学进展,1999,14(3):229-234.
[17]Qian Y B,Wu Z N,Zhang L Y,Shi Q D,Jiang J,Tang L S.Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plant community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2004,14(4):447-455.
[18]李琴,陈曦,包安明,王金林,Veroustraete F,Dong Q H.干旱/半干旱区MODIS地表温度反演与验证研究.遥感技术与应用,2008,23(6):643-647.
[19]张立运,陈昌笃.论古尔班通古特沙漠植物多样性的一般特点.生态学报,2002,22(11):1923-1932.
[20]陈昌笃.北疆古尔班通古特沙漠的植被特征及其边缘地区的沙化问题//白含熙.荼毒沙漠化综合整治国际学术讨论会论文集.广州:人与生物圈国家委员会,1984:70-72.
[21]王雪芹,蒋进,雷加强,张伟民,钱亦兵.古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物分布及其沙面稳定意义.地理学报,2003,58(4):598-605.
[22]中国科学院新疆综合考察队,中国科学院植物研究所.新疆植被及其利用.北京:科学出版社,1978.
[23]张荣,刘彤.古尔班通古特沙漠南部植物多样性及群落分类.生态学报,2012,32(19):6056-6066.
[24]唐金,李霞,牛婷.古尔班通古特沙漠南缘近10年NDVI变化趋势与气象因子的关系.水土保持通报,2011,31(6):171-174.
[25]黄婷,杜清运,邹金秋.新疆农业景观格局演变对其生态系统服务价值的影响.地理信息世界,2017,24(2):26-31.
[26]厉良,邵旭升,王才川,徐敏.准噶尔盆地古尔班通古特沙漠地区油田的土地复垦研究.安徽农业科学,2013,41(6):2695-2697.
[27]王雪芹,蒋进,雷加强,徐新文,钱亦兵,潘存文.古尔班通古特沙漠重大工程扰动地表稳定性与恢复研究.资源科学,2006,28(5):190-195.
[28]钱亦兵,张立运,吴兆宁.工程行为对古尔班通古特沙漠植被的破损及恢复.干旱区研究,2001,18(4):47-51.
[2]刘家琼,蒲锦春,刘新民.我国沙漠中部地区主要不同生态类型植物的水分关系和旱生结构比较研究.植物学报,1987,29(6):662-673.
[3]Fahn A,Shchori Y.The organization of the secondary conducting tissue in species of the Chenopodiaceae.Phytomorphology,1967,17:147-154.
[4]Anderson J E.Factors controlling transpiration and photosynthesis in Tamarax chinensis Lour.Ecology,1982,63(1):46-50.
[5]Sandquist D R,Ehleringer J R.Intra specific variation of drought adaptation in brittlebush:leaf pubescence and timing of leaf loss vary with rainfall.Oecologia,1998,113(2):162-169.
[6]Pyankov V I,Gunin P D,Tsoog S,Black C C.C4plants in the vegetation of Mongolia:their natural occurrence and geographical distribution in relation to climate.Oecologia,2000,123(1):15-31.
[7]陈庆诚,孙仰文,张国樑.疏勒河中下游植物群落优势种生态-结构特性的初步研究.兰州大学学报,1961(2):61-69.
[8]王勋陵,马骥.从旱生植物叶结构探讨其生态适应的多样性.生态学报,1999,19(6):787-792.
[9]魏良民.几种旱生植物碳水化合物和蛋白质变化的研究.干旱区研究,1991,8(4):38-41.
[10]周智彬,李培军.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究.干旱区研究,2002,19(2):35-40.
[11]李三相.Na-+与多浆旱生植物霸王抗旱性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2006.
[12]鲁艳,何明珠,马全林,赵昕,苏延桂.镍胁迫对7种旱生植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.种子,2009,28(6):26-29,33-33.
[13]包秀霞,廉勇,包秀平.旱生植物抗旱机制研究进展.北方农业学报,2016,44(6):104-108.
[14]李杨,刘艳,张璞,尹育红.古尔班通古特沙漠NDVI时空变化特征.干旱区研究,2009,26(5):686-693.
[15]段呈,吴玲,王绍明,贺凌云.近30年古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物的时空格局.生态学报,2017,37(8):2642-2652.
[16]钟德才.中国现代沙漠动态变化及其发展趋势.地球科学进展,1999,14(3):229-234.
[17]Qian Y B,Wu Z N,Zhang L Y,Shi Q D,Jiang J,Tang L S.Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plant community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2004,14(4):447-455.
[18]李琴,陈曦,包安明,王金林,Veroustraete F,Dong Q H.干旱/半干旱区MODIS地表温度反演与验证研究.遥感技术与应用,2008,23(6):643-647.
[19]张立运,陈昌笃.论古尔班通古特沙漠植物多样性的一般特点.生态学报,2002,22(11):1923-1932.
[20]陈昌笃.北疆古尔班通古特沙漠的植被特征及其边缘地区的沙化问题//白含熙.荼毒沙漠化综合整治国际学术讨论会论文集.广州:人与生物圈国家委员会,1984:70-72.
[21]王雪芹,蒋进,雷加强,张伟民,钱亦兵.古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物分布及其沙面稳定意义.地理学报,2003,58(4):598-605.
[22]中国科学院新疆综合考察队,中国科学院植物研究所.新疆植被及其利用.北京:科学出版社,1978.
[23]张荣,刘彤.古尔班通古特沙漠南部植物多样性及群落分类.生态学报,2012,32(19):6056-6066.
[24]唐金,李霞,牛婷.古尔班通古特沙漠南缘近10年NDVI变化趋势与气象因子的关系.水土保持通报,2011,31(6):171-174.
[25]黄婷,杜清运,邹金秋.新疆农业景观格局演变对其生态系统服务价值的影响.地理信息世界,2017,24(2):26-31.
[26]厉良,邵旭升,王才川,徐敏.准噶尔盆地古尔班通古特沙漠地区油田的土地复垦研究.安徽农业科学,2013,41(6):2695-2697.
[27]王雪芹,蒋进,雷加强,徐新文,钱亦兵,潘存文.古尔班通古特沙漠重大工程扰动地表稳定性与恢复研究.资源科学,2006,28(5):190-195.
[28]钱亦兵,张立运,吴兆宁.工程行为对古尔班通古特沙漠植被的破损及恢复.干旱区研究,2001,18(4):47-51.