洪湾渔港工程潮流泥沙的输运特性
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摘要
洪湾渔港工程地处珠江出海口,由于常年受径流携带的水沙、外海潮汐动力的影响,该位置的水动力条件十分复杂。依据流体动力学理论,以多年的水文地质资料为基础数据,数值模拟了洪湾渔港规划方案实施后河道流场、流速的变化以及泥沙淤积情况,并根据计算结果提出了优化方案。结果表明:工程实施后,河道的流速和流向影响较小,进港支航道的平均回淤强度较大,最大淤积部位在口门附近,厚度为0.92 m,可通过大范围开挖港池出口和砌筑短丁坝来优化方案。
The Hongwan fishing port project is located at the estuary of the Zhujiang River.Due to the influence of water and sand carried by runoff and tidal power of the open sea,the hydrodynamic conditions at this location are very complicated.Based on the theory of fluid dynamics and hydrogeological data for many years,the flow field and sedimentation after the implementation of the Hongwan fishing port construction plan are numerically simulated in this research;an optimization plan based on the simulation results is proposed.Results show that after implementing the construction plan,the flow rate and flow direction of the channel are less affected and the average back sedimentation rate is relatively large.The site of maximum sedimentation is near the harbor entrance and had a thickness of 0.92 m.This feature can be further optimized through large-scale excavation of the entrance or by constructing an artificial masonry dam.
The Hongwan fishing port project is located at the estuary of the Zhujiang River.Due to the influence of water and sand carried by runoff and tidal power of the open sea,the hydrodynamic conditions at this location are very complicated.Based on the theory of fluid dynamics and hydrogeological data for many years,the flow field and sedimentation after the implementation of the Hongwan fishing port construction plan are numerically simulated in this research;an optimization plan based on the simulation results is proposed.Results show that after implementing the construction plan,the flow rate and flow direction of the channel are less affected and the average back sedimentation rate is relatively large.The site of maximum sedimentation is near the harbor entrance and had a thickness of 0.92 m.This feature can be further optimized through large-scale excavation of the entrance or by constructing an artificial masonry dam.
引文
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[19]董佳,马洪亮,熊伟.黄沙洋水道末梢浅水槽建港工程潮流数值模拟与泥沙淤积计算[J].水运工程,2013(8):73-79.DONG J,MA H L,XIONG W.Tidal current numerical simulation and sediment deposion calculation of port construction in shallow water tank at the end of Huangshayang channel[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2013(8):73-79.
[20]李大鸣,阳婷,李杨杨,等.潮流泥沙数学模型在青岛港挡沙堤工程的应用[J].海洋通报,2016,(01):103-111.LI D M,YANG T,LI Y Y,et al.Application of the numerical model of tidal currents and sediments in the dike engineering of Qingdao Port[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2016(1):103-111.
[21]陈可锋,陆培东,王乃瑞.整治工程影响下的河口拦门沙航道回淤特征及成因---以射阳港航道为例[J].水科学进展,2017(2):240-248.CHEN K F,LU P D,WANG N R.Study of back silting characteristics and mechanism of the channel-mouth bar under the influence of regulating project:a case study of the sheyang Estuary[J].Advances in Water Science,2017(2):240-248.
[22]黄磊,刘碧荣.通州湾港区一、二港池口门布置及减淤措施[J].中国港湾建设,2017,(4):29-34.HUANG L,LIU B R.Entrance layout and sediment reduction measures of the first and second basin in Tongzhou Bay Port[J].China Harbour Engineering,2017(4):29-34.
[2]窦国仁.河口海岸全沙模型相似理论[J].水利工程学报,2001(1):1-12.DOU G R.Similarity theory of total sediment transport modeling for estuarine and coastal regions[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2001(1):1-12.
[3]朱志夏,韩其为,丁兴平.海岸悬沙运移数学模型[J].海洋学报,2002,24(1):101-107.ZHU Z X,HAN Q W,DING X P.Mathematical model of coastal suspended ediment transport[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2002,24(1):101-107.
[4]武亚菊,张心凤,卢素兰,等.洪湾水道近30年河床演变特征分析[J].人民珠江,2014,(2):24-27.WU Y J,ZHANG X F,LU S L,et al.Analysis of river channel evolution of Hongwan River in past thirty years[J].Pearl River,2014(2):24-27.
[5]张炯,庄佳.磨刀门水道与洪湾水道分流段近期河道演变分析[J].中国水运,2014,14(10):263-266.ZHANG J,ZHUANG J.Analysis of recent evolution of channel of Modaomen channel and Hongwan channels[J].China Water Transport,2014,14(10):263-266.
[6]李洪声.河口、海岸泥沙输移数值模拟[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.LI H S.Numerical simulation of suspended sediment transport in estuary and coastal regions[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.
[7]李姗.粉沙淤泥质海岸水流泥沙数学模型理论及工程应用[D].天津:天津大学,2008.LI S.Research and application on flow-sediment mathematical model of silty mud coast[D].Tianjin:Tianjin U-niversity,2008.
[8]孙平锋.椒江口二维潮流泥沙数学模型研究及其应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.SUN P F.Jiaojiangkou 2-d tidal current and sediment mathematical model research and application[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2006.
[9]周杰.河口粘性泥沙输运数值模拟[D].南京:河海大学,2005.ZHOU J.Numerical simulation of viscous sediment transport in estuary[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2005.
[10]周赤建.河流悬移质泥沙运动模拟方法研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2004.ZHOU C J.A study on simulating methods of river suspending sediment movement[D].Hohhot:Agricultural University,2004.
[11]韩其为,何明民.泥沙数学模型中冲淤计算的几个问题[J].水利学报,1988(05):25-35.HAN Q W,HE M M.The calculation of erosion and deposition in the mathematical model of sediment[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1988(05):25-35.
[12]谢灵运,王勇,白玉川.通州湾建港工程对辐射沙洲海域潮流泥沙条件的影响[J].港工技术,2016(04):1-6.XIE L Y,WANG Y,BAI Y C.Impact of tongzhou gulf port project on tidal current and sediment conditions of radial shoal area[J].Port Engineering Technology,2016(04):1-6.
[13]刘家驹,张镜潮.淤泥质海岸航道、港池淤积计算方法及推广应用[J].水利水运科学研究,1993(4):301-320.LIU J J,ZHANG J C.Siltation prediction for navigation channels and harbor basins on muddy beach[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,1993(4):301-320.
[14]范红霞,王建中,朱立俊.梅山水道避风锚地潮流泥沙数值计算[J].水利水运工程学报,2014(6):9-15.FAN H X,WANG J Z,ZHU L J.Tidal current and sediment numerical calculation for Meishan waterway[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2014(6):9-15.
[15]何用,高时友,徐峰俊,等.珠江口潮流泥沙数学模型关键问题探讨[J].泥沙研究,2014,(4):60-66.HE Y,GAO S Y,XU F J,et al.Key issues of numerical model for tidal current and sediment transport in the Pearl River Estuary[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2014(4):60-66.
[16]王世澎,梁书秀,孙昭晨.二维情况下波浪对潮流场作用的数值分析[J].海洋学报,2007,29(2):173-177.WANG S P,LIANG S X,SUN Z C.The numerical analysis of wave effects on a tidal current in two dimensions[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2007,29(2):173-177.
[17]白玉川,顾元楼,蒋昌.潮流波浪联合输沙及海床冲淤演变的理论体系与其数学模拟[J].海洋与湖沼,2000,31(2):186-196.BAI Y C,GU Y L,JIANG C.Theoretical system and mathematical simulation of tidal wave combined sediment transport and sea-bed scour and deposition evolution[J].Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2000,31(2):186-196.
[18]刘必劲,万艳,张友权,等.洋山深水港北侧围垦工程潮流泥沙数值模拟研究[J].水运工程,2012(8):5-10.LIU B S,WAN Y,ZHANG Y Q,et al.Numerical simulation of tidal current and sediment on reclamation project in north of Yangshan deepwater port[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2012(8):5-10.
[19]董佳,马洪亮,熊伟.黄沙洋水道末梢浅水槽建港工程潮流数值模拟与泥沙淤积计算[J].水运工程,2013(8):73-79.DONG J,MA H L,XIONG W.Tidal current numerical simulation and sediment deposion calculation of port construction in shallow water tank at the end of Huangshayang channel[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2013(8):73-79.
[20]李大鸣,阳婷,李杨杨,等.潮流泥沙数学模型在青岛港挡沙堤工程的应用[J].海洋通报,2016,(01):103-111.LI D M,YANG T,LI Y Y,et al.Application of the numerical model of tidal currents and sediments in the dike engineering of Qingdao Port[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2016(1):103-111.
[21]陈可锋,陆培东,王乃瑞.整治工程影响下的河口拦门沙航道回淤特征及成因---以射阳港航道为例[J].水科学进展,2017(2):240-248.CHEN K F,LU P D,WANG N R.Study of back silting characteristics and mechanism of the channel-mouth bar under the influence of regulating project:a case study of the sheyang Estuary[J].Advances in Water Science,2017(2):240-248.
[22]黄磊,刘碧荣.通州湾港区一、二港池口门布置及减淤措施[J].中国港湾建设,2017,(4):29-34.HUANG L,LIU B R.Entrance layout and sediment reduction measures of the first and second basin in Tongzhou Bay Port[J].China Harbour Engineering,2017(4):29-34.