马尾松人工幼林营养综合诊断
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摘要
采用DRIS诊断法对广西6～8 a生马尾松Pinus massoniana人工幼林高、低产组针叶进行营养诊断,测定10种矿质营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn和B)的含量,探讨马尾松人工幼林养分需求规律,制定马尾松人工幼林养分平衡诊断标准。结果表明:广西马尾松人工幼林的需肥顺序为P> B> K> Zn> N> Mn> Mg> Fe> Ca> Cu,最缺乏的元素是P,其次是B、K、N、Zn,最不缺乏的是Ca、Cu。针叶N、P、K元素浓度比值范围为N/P=12.81±3.75、N/K=2.62±0.30、P/K=0.22±0.08。马尾松工幼林叶片养分适宜范围为:N 9.36～15.44、P 0.72～1.29、K 3.84～5.63、Ga3.65～5.63、Mg 0.31～1.53 g·kg~(-1)、Cu 2.14～3.01、Zn 20.66～66.42、Fe 30.26～203.19、Mn 330.02～561.38、B1.13～15.71 mg·kg~(-1)。根据该诊断标准可有效诊断马尾松针叶营养元素丰缺程度,指导林农"对症下药",实现精准施肥。
The DRIS was used to diagnose the high and low yield types of 6～8 year old Pinus massoniana plantation in Guangxi. 10 kinds of mineral nutrients(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,B) were determined,the nutrient requirement characteristics of P. massoniana young plantation was studied,and the nutrient balance diagnostic standard was established. The results showed that the sequence of nutrition requirements in P. massoniana young plantation was P > B > K > Zn > N > Mn > Mg > Fe > Ca >Cu.The DRIS diagnostic results indicated that the most de?cient leaves elements were phosphorus,followed by boron,potassium,nitrogen and zinc,and the most wealthy elements were Ca and Cu. The optimal N/P,N/K and P/K ratios were 12.81 ±3.75,2.62±0.30,0.22±0.08 respectively. The suitable concentration ranges of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn and B were 9.36～15.44,0.72～1.29,3.84～5.63,3.65～5.63, 0.31～1.53 g · kg~(-1),2.14～3.01, 20.66～66.42, 30.26～203.19,330.02～561.38,1.13～15.71 mg · kg~(-1),and those diagnostic standard could judge the main mineral nutrient level status in leaves to guide farmers to "suit the remedy to the case",and achieve scienti?c and accurate fertilization.
The DRIS was used to diagnose the high and low yield types of 6～8 year old Pinus massoniana plantation in Guangxi. 10 kinds of mineral nutrients(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,B) were determined,the nutrient requirement characteristics of P. massoniana young plantation was studied,and the nutrient balance diagnostic standard was established. The results showed that the sequence of nutrition requirements in P. massoniana young plantation was P > B > K > Zn > N > Mn > Mg > Fe > Ca >Cu.The DRIS diagnostic results indicated that the most de?cient leaves elements were phosphorus,followed by boron,potassium,nitrogen and zinc,and the most wealthy elements were Ca and Cu. The optimal N/P,N/K and P/K ratios were 12.81 ±3.75,2.62±0.30,0.22±0.08 respectively. The suitable concentration ranges of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn and B were 9.36～15.44,0.72～1.29,3.84～5.63,3.65～5.63, 0.31～1.53 g · kg~(-1),2.14～3.01, 20.66～66.42, 30.26～203.19,330.02～561.38,1.13～15.71 mg · kg~(-1),and those diagnostic standard could judge the main mineral nutrient level status in leaves to guide farmers to "suit the remedy to the case",and achieve scienti?c and accurate fertilization.
引文
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[15]黄承标,黄新荣,覃其云,等.施肥对马尾松人工幼林生长的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(6):78-80.
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[17]陈振生.两种叶面肥对马尾松苗期生长的影响研究[J].林业与环境科学,2016,32(4):57-59.
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[19]广西林业勘测设计院,广西林学分院.森林调查手册[R].南宁:广西林业勘测设计院,1986.
[20]国家林业局.LY/T 1269~1273-1999森林土壤分析方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
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[22]马海洋,同延安,路永莉,等.诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)在渭北旱塬红富士苹果营养诊断中的应用[J].旱地区农业研究,2013,31(2):84-88.
[23]赵登科.红锥人工幼林营养特性研究[J].林业调查规划,2011,36(1):35-38.
[24]朱林生,何沙娥,刘学锋,等.9种桉树幼林营养元素累积特性研究[J].桉树科技,2018,35(1):1-8.
[25]陈剑锋,侯恩庆,张玲玲,等.福建省马尾松和杉木针叶中7种营养元素含量特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2016,24(6):595-602.
[2]张林林,刘效东,苏艳,等.马尾松人工林生物量与生产力研究进展[J].生态科学,2018,37(3):213-221.
[3]杨章旗,冯源恒,谭健晖,等.广西马尾松高世代育种策略研究[J].广西林业科学,2018,47(3):251-256.
[4]任丽娜,高广磊,王海燕,等.我国林木营养诊断及人工施肥研究进展[J].辽宁农业科学,2011(4):43-47.
[5]SHARAMA J,SHIKHAMANY S D,SINGH R K,et al.Diagnosis of nutrient imbalance in thompson seedless grape grafted on dog ridge rootstock by dris[J].Communications in Soil Science&Plant Analysis,2005,36(20):2823-2838.
[6]RAJ G B,RAO A P.Identification of yield-limiting nutrients in mango through dris indices[J].Communications in Soil Science&Plant Analysis,2006,37(12):1761-1774.
[7]冯茂松,张健.巨桉叶片营养DRIS诊断研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2003,21(4):303-307.
[8]刘克林,孙向阳,王海燕,等.三倍体毛白杨叶片营养DRIS诊断[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2893-2898.
[9]周玮,周运超.马尾松幼苗生理特性对施肥的响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(4):10-15.
[10]谌红辉,丁贵杰,温恒辉,等.马尾松近熟林施肥技术研究[J].林业资源管理,2012(2):106-110.
[11]赵敏冲,赵华,刘建忠,等.磷肥对马尾松低产林幼林生长的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(4):5-8.
[12]李萃昇.马尾松苗营养诊断的研究[J].江西林业科技,1986,12(3):9-15.
[13]朱亚艳,秦雪,赵杨,等.贵州都匀马尾松种子园针叶DRIS营养诊断分析[J].西部林业科学,2013,42(6):62-68.
[14]卢立华,蔡道雄,何日明.马尾松幼林施肥效应综合分析[J].林业科学,2004,40(4):99-105.
[15]黄承标,黄新荣,覃其云,等.施肥对马尾松人工幼林生长的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(6):78-80.
[16]黄其城.不同林龄马尾松施肥后3年生长量对比分析[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(12):123-125.
[17]陈振生.两种叶面肥对马尾松苗期生长的影响研究[J].林业与环境科学,2016,32(4):57-59.
[18]谌红辉.广西马尾松人工林定向培育关键技术研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2010.
[19]广西林业勘测设计院,广西林学分院.森林调查手册[R].南宁:广西林业勘测设计院,1986.
[20]国家林业局.LY/T 1269~1273-1999森林土壤分析方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[21]唐健,覃祚玉,邓小军,等.广西孟江油茶叶片营养DRIS诊断[J].福建林业科技,2015,42(1):11-15.
[22]马海洋,同延安,路永莉,等.诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)在渭北旱塬红富士苹果营养诊断中的应用[J].旱地区农业研究,2013,31(2):84-88.
[23]赵登科.红锥人工幼林营养特性研究[J].林业调查规划,2011,36(1):35-38.
[24]朱林生,何沙娥,刘学锋,等.9种桉树幼林营养元素累积特性研究[J].桉树科技,2018,35(1):1-8.
[25]陈剑锋,侯恩庆,张玲玲,等.福建省马尾松和杉木针叶中7种营养元素含量特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2016,24(6):595-602.