混配蚯蚓粪复合基质对西葫芦育苗的影响
|
摘要
采用单因素随机区组设计,以蚯蚓粪为主要原料,与草炭、珍珠岩不同配比混配设置9种不同处理,分析了不同处理混配基质理化性状,并以西葫芦新品种"盛玉307"为试材,探讨不同处理对该品种育苗的影响,以期为生产上西葫芦育苗提供参考依据。结果表明:T0(纯蚯蚓粪)处理容重较大、总孔隙较少、通气性较差、养分含量表现高磷钾、低氮等特性;T4、T8(不含珍珠岩)处理养分含量多,EC值高,但通气性差;T1、T5(珍珠岩比例较高)处理通气性好,但持水性差,养分含量少;T7、T3(蚯蚓粪、草炭、珍珠岩各占一定比例)处理理化性状整体协调,既有一定的持水保肥性,又有一定的通气性,水气比适中,养分含量较多,EC值较高,有较高的供肥性能。不同混配基质处理对"盛玉307"育苗影响作用显著,其中T7(蚯蚓粪66.7%,草炭26.7%,珍珠岩6.7%)处理培育的幼苗健壮,茎粗4.8mm、叶面积33.17cm2、总根长12cm、根干质量0.226g,壮苗指数0.93,这些指标均显著高于或高于其它处理,育苗效果显著,可作为生产上"盛玉307"优质育苗基质。
Using single factor randomized block design,nine different treatments were set up by mixing wormcast with peat and perlite in different proportions.The physical and chemical properties of different treatment mixtures were analyzed.The effects of different treatments on the seedling breeding of a new pumpkin variety ‘Shengyu 307'were discussed.The results showed that T0 treatment(pure wormcast)had larger bulk density,less total porosity,poor aeration,high phosphorus,potassium and low nitrogen;T4,T8 treatment(without perlite)had more nutrient content,higher EC value,but poor aeration;T1,T5 treatment(high proportion of perlite)had better aeration,but poor water holding capacity and low nutrient contentl;T7 and T3 treatment(wormcast,peat and perlite account for a certain proportion each)had overall coordination of physical and chemical properties.They were not only certain water and fertility retention,but also certain aeration,moderate water-air ratio,more nutrient content,higher EC and higher fertilizer supply performance.The seedling growth of‘Shengyu 307'was significantly affected by different treatments.T7 treatment(wormcast 66.7%,peat 26.7%,pearlite 6.7%)resulted in strong seedlings,with stem diameter4.8 mm,leaf area 33.17 cm2,total root length 12 cm,root dry mass 0.226 g and strong seedling index0.93.These indexes were significantly higher than or higher than other treatments.T7 treatment can be used as seedling medium of‘Shengyu 307'.
Using single factor randomized block design,nine different treatments were set up by mixing wormcast with peat and perlite in different proportions.The physical and chemical properties of different treatment mixtures were analyzed.The effects of different treatments on the seedling breeding of a new pumpkin variety ‘Shengyu 307'were discussed.The results showed that T0 treatment(pure wormcast)had larger bulk density,less total porosity,poor aeration,high phosphorus,potassium and low nitrogen;T4,T8 treatment(without perlite)had more nutrient content,higher EC value,but poor aeration;T1,T5 treatment(high proportion of perlite)had better aeration,but poor water holding capacity and low nutrient contentl;T7 and T3 treatment(wormcast,peat and perlite account for a certain proportion each)had overall coordination of physical and chemical properties.They were not only certain water and fertility retention,but also certain aeration,moderate water-air ratio,more nutrient content,higher EC and higher fertilizer supply performance.The seedling growth of‘Shengyu 307'was significantly affected by different treatments.T7 treatment(wormcast 66.7%,peat 26.7%,pearlite 6.7%)resulted in strong seedlings,with stem diameter4.8 mm,leaf area 33.17 cm2,total root length 12 cm,root dry mass 0.226 g and strong seedling index0.93.These indexes were significantly higher than or higher than other treatments.T7 treatment can be used as seedling medium of‘Shengyu 307'.
引文
[1]陈家威.大棚黄瓜育苗及高产栽培技术[J].农业网络信息,2007(12):189-190.
[2]周炜,曲英华,胡文娟,等.工厂化穴盘育苗基质的研究[J].北方园艺,2005(6):50-51.
[3]闫杰,罗庆熙,韩丽萍.工厂化育苗基质研究进展[J].中国蔬菜,2006(2):34-37.
[4]郭世荣.固体栽培基质研究开发现状及发展趋势[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(12):1-4
[5]LOURDES H,ANTONIO M G,JOSM G,et al.Reuse of waste materials as growing media for ornamental plants[J].Bioresource Technology,2005,96(1):125-131.
[6]田锁霞,陈清,龚建英,等.蘑菇渣和园林废物堆肥复配基质在黄瓜育苗上的应用效果[J].中国蔬菜,2011(12):37-41.
[7]刘耀源,邹长武,张达鑫.不同调理剂对泔脚蚯蚓堆肥过程中腐熟度的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(4):999-1003.
[8]杨梅.几种瓜类蔬菜育苗基质及其施肥配方的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[9]赵海涛,刘平,单玉华,等.蚓粪复合基质对茄子幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(13):1-5.
[10]王艳,鄢海印,杜亚琴,等.蚯蚓堆肥处理对不同物料农化性质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39:24-26.
[11]徐月明,王小华,朱艳港,等.混配蚯蚓粪复合基质对水果黄瓜新品种“碧翠19”育苗的影响[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2017,4(38):116-121.
[12]陈广银,王德汉,项钱彬.蘑菇渣与落叶联合堆肥过程中养分变化的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(5):1347-1353.
[13]TOMATI U,GRAPPELLI A,GALLI E.The presence of growth regulatorsin earthworm-workedwastes[Z].Italy:Proceeding of InternationalSymposium on‘Earthworms’,1987.
[14]中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[15]郭世荣.无土栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[16]宋志伟.土壤肥料[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[17]张志良.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[18]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[19]宋丽芬,李海青.蚯蚓粪基质在番茄穴盘育苗中的应用[J].北方园艺,2011(3):24-25.
[20]杜蕾,葛米红,张利红,等.蚯蚓粪在西葫芦穴盘育苗中的应用[J].北方园艺,2014(7):70-72.
[21]聂小凤,陶启威,钱春桃.蚯蚓粪珍珠岩复合基质在黄瓜穴盘育苗中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(9):54-56.
[2]周炜,曲英华,胡文娟,等.工厂化穴盘育苗基质的研究[J].北方园艺,2005(6):50-51.
[3]闫杰,罗庆熙,韩丽萍.工厂化育苗基质研究进展[J].中国蔬菜,2006(2):34-37.
[4]郭世荣.固体栽培基质研究开发现状及发展趋势[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(12):1-4
[5]LOURDES H,ANTONIO M G,JOSM G,et al.Reuse of waste materials as growing media for ornamental plants[J].Bioresource Technology,2005,96(1):125-131.
[6]田锁霞,陈清,龚建英,等.蘑菇渣和园林废物堆肥复配基质在黄瓜育苗上的应用效果[J].中国蔬菜,2011(12):37-41.
[7]刘耀源,邹长武,张达鑫.不同调理剂对泔脚蚯蚓堆肥过程中腐熟度的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(4):999-1003.
[8]杨梅.几种瓜类蔬菜育苗基质及其施肥配方的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[9]赵海涛,刘平,单玉华,等.蚓粪复合基质对茄子幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(13):1-5.
[10]王艳,鄢海印,杜亚琴,等.蚯蚓堆肥处理对不同物料农化性质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39:24-26.
[11]徐月明,王小华,朱艳港,等.混配蚯蚓粪复合基质对水果黄瓜新品种“碧翠19”育苗的影响[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2017,4(38):116-121.
[12]陈广银,王德汉,项钱彬.蘑菇渣与落叶联合堆肥过程中养分变化的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(5):1347-1353.
[13]TOMATI U,GRAPPELLI A,GALLI E.The presence of growth regulatorsin earthworm-workedwastes[Z].Italy:Proceeding of InternationalSymposium on‘Earthworms’,1987.
[14]中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[15]郭世荣.无土栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[16]宋志伟.土壤肥料[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[17]张志良.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[18]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[19]宋丽芬,李海青.蚯蚓粪基质在番茄穴盘育苗中的应用[J].北方园艺,2011(3):24-25.
[20]杜蕾,葛米红,张利红,等.蚯蚓粪在西葫芦穴盘育苗中的应用[J].北方园艺,2014(7):70-72.
[21]聂小凤,陶启威,钱春桃.蚯蚓粪珍珠岩复合基质在黄瓜穴盘育苗中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(9):54-56.