摘要
为探究不同灌木林分枯落物层水源涵养能力,选择了3种灌木林分作为研究对象,利用室内浸泡法与双环刀法分别对3种灌木林分枯落物层与土壤层水源涵养相关指标进行了测定。结果表明:(1)枯落物层水源涵养3个重要因子蓄积量、最大持水量与有效拦蓄量由大到小排序是一致的,荆条>胡枝子>三裂绣线菊。(2)在0.25 h枯落物持水量与持水速率大小排序为荆条>胡枝子>三裂绣线菊,枯落物层持水量与浸水时间具有较好的函数关系,关系式为Q=alnt+b(R~2>0.97),枯落物层持水速率与浸水时间进行函数拟合,具有较好的幂函数关系,表达式为V=Kt~n(R~2>0.99)。(3)土壤有效持水量大小排序为:荆条>三裂绣线菊>胡枝子;林分初渗速率、稳渗速率大小排序一致,荆条>三裂绣线菊>胡枝子;林分土壤入渗时间和入渗速率有较好的函数关系,表达式为y=a·x~b(R~2>0.94)。枯落物层与土壤层水源涵养能力最强的为荆条灌木林分。
In order to explore the water conservation capacity of litter layer in different shrub forests, three shrub stands were selected as research samples. The indoor soaking method and double-ring knife method were used to measure the relevant indicators of the water conservation of the litter layers and soil layers of three shrubs. The results showed that:(1) the three important factors, accumulation the maximum water holding capacity and the effective storage capacity of the litter layer, decreased in the order: Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla>Lespedeza bicolor>Spiraea trifida;(2) the water holding capacity and water holding rate of 0.25 h decrease in the order: Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla>Lespedeza bicolor>Spiraea trifida, and the water holding capacity of the litter layer has the function relationship with the water immersion time, the function is expressed as Q=alnt+b(R~2>0.97), the relation between the water holding rate of the litter layer and the water immersion time can be described by the power function which is expressed as V=Kt~n(R~2>0.99);(3) the soil effective water holding capacity decreases in the order: Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla>Spiraea trifida>Lespedeza bicolor; the initial infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate of forest stands decrease in the sequence: Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla>Spiraea trifida>Lespedeza bicolor; there is a good functional relationship between infiltration time and infiltration rate of soil in the stands, and the relationship is expressed as: y=a·x~b(R~2>0.94). The most abundant water source conservation abilities of the litter layer and the soil layer are observed in the Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla shrub forest.
引文
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