1960—2015年西藏气候舒适度时空分布特征
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摘要
依据西藏地区38个气象站1960—2015年的气象资料,通过温湿指数、风效指数的计算和影响因子权重分析,得到了各地区的温湿指数及风效指数的时间与空间变化特征,以及各气象要素对两个指数的影响大小。结果表明,温湿、风效指数在时空分布上都表现出了高度的一致性;西藏全年内最舒适的时间以7月、8月为主,空间上西藏全区的东南部气候舒适度高于西北部,其中以林芝市、昌都市最为舒适;温度对温湿、风效指数而言都是最重要的影响要素,说明对缺乏热量的西藏地区而言,温度是考虑气候舒适度的首要因素。
In order to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of climate comfort in Tibet,based on the meteorological data of 38 meteorological stations in the region from 1960 to 2015,the temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index were calculated and analyzed,and the time and space variation characteristics of the temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index were obtained.The results show that the two indices are highly consistent in spatial and temporal distribution.The most comfortable time in the whole year is mainly in July and August.The climate comfort in the southeast of Tibet is higher than that in the northwest,among which Linzhi and Changdu are the most comfortable.Temperature is the most important factor for both indexes,indicating that temperature is the primary factor to consider climate comfort in Tibet where there is a lack of heat.
In order to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of climate comfort in Tibet,based on the meteorological data of 38 meteorological stations in the region from 1960 to 2015,the temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index were calculated and analyzed,and the time and space variation characteristics of the temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index were obtained.The results show that the two indices are highly consistent in spatial and temporal distribution.The most comfortable time in the whole year is mainly in July and August.The climate comfort in the southeast of Tibet is higher than that in the northwest,among which Linzhi and Changdu are the most comfortable.Temperature is the most important factor for both indexes,indicating that temperature is the primary factor to consider climate comfort in Tibet where there is a lack of heat.
引文
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[11]王公为.内蒙古旅游气候舒适度时空差异研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(2):58-64.
[12]孙美淑,李山.气候舒适度评价的经验模型:回顾与展望[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(12):19-34.
[13]曹开军,杨兆萍,孟现勇,等.基于栅格尺度的阿勒泰地区旅游气候舒适度评价[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(5):1420-1427.
[14]普布次仁,卓嘎,拉巴次仁,等.西藏地区人体舒适度指数的变化特征[J].高原山地气象研究,2012,32(4):80-84.
[15]崔乔,辛存林,何彤慧.1960—2015年西藏人体舒适度指数时空分布特征[J].宁夏工程技术,2019,18(2):150-158.
[2]尹文娟,潘志华,潘宇鹰,等.中国大陆人居环境气候舒适度变化特征研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(7):5-8.
[3]许善洋,石培宏,薛治国,等.甘肃省气候舒适度时空分异特征研究[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2018,12(2):57-62.
[4]孔德亚,黄建武,王无为,等.1965—2015年武汉市气候舒适度变化分析[J].河南科学,2018,36(3):396-403.
[5]孟丽霞,姚延峰,尹春,等.兰州市旅游气候舒适度与客流量关系分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2017,11(5):89-94.
[6]张波,谭文,古书鸿,等.1961—2015年贵州省夏季旅游气候舒适度评价[J].干旱气象,2017,35(3):420-426.
[7]边巴多吉,德庆卓嘎,索朗白玛,等.西藏旅游气象服务发展现状及前景分析[J].西藏科技,2018(11):59-61.
[8]王晓军,程绍敏.西藏主要气候特征分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2009,29(4):81-84.
[9]周建琴,黄玮,朱勇,等.云南气候舒适度分布和变化特征及未来变化趋势评估[J].气候变化研究进展,2018,14(2):144-154.
[10]李忠燕,吴战平,张东海,等.贵州省气候舒适度及旅游潜力分析[J].贵州科学,2018,36(1):38-44.
[11]王公为.内蒙古旅游气候舒适度时空差异研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(2):58-64.
[12]孙美淑,李山.气候舒适度评价的经验模型:回顾与展望[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(12):19-34.
[13]曹开军,杨兆萍,孟现勇,等.基于栅格尺度的阿勒泰地区旅游气候舒适度评价[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(5):1420-1427.
[14]普布次仁,卓嘎,拉巴次仁,等.西藏地区人体舒适度指数的变化特征[J].高原山地气象研究,2012,32(4):80-84.
[15]崔乔,辛存林,何彤慧.1960—2015年西藏人体舒适度指数时空分布特征[J].宁夏工程技术,2019,18(2):150-158.