西藏纳木错湖泊面积变化对气候变化的响应
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摘要
本文根据1975年地形图、多源卫星数据以及气象资料分析纳木错湖面面积、湖面高度变化。结果表明,1975—2017年,纳木错湖面面积总体扩张了64.68km2,扩张率为3.32%。2003—2009年,纳木错湖泊面积和湖面高度均呈现增长和上升趋势,湖泊面积增长了17.2km2、湖面高度上升了1.2m。综合分析表明,纳木错流域近47年来气温升高,降水量增加;同时暖季降水量的增加,补给了湖泊水量,而蒸发量减少也抑制了湖水的蒸发。这些要素的变化对纳木错湖泊面积的扩张具有较大影响。
Based on the topographic map, multi-source satellite data and meteorological data of 1975, this paper analyzed the change of lake area and lake height in namuchou. The results showed that from 1975 to 2017, the total area of the lake in Namco expanded by 64.68 km2, with an expansion rate of 3.32%. From 2003 to 2009, the lake area and lake height of Namcuo showed an increasing trend. The lake area increased by 17.2 km2 and the lake height increased by 1.2 m. The comprehensive analysis showed that the temperature of Namcuo basin had increased and the precipitation had increased in the past 47 years. At the same time, the increase in precipitation in the warm season restores the amount of water in the lake, and the decrease in evaporation also inhibits the evaporation of the lake. The changes of these factors are helpful to the expansion of the lake area of Namtso.
Based on the topographic map, multi-source satellite data and meteorological data of 1975, this paper analyzed the change of lake area and lake height in namuchou. The results showed that from 1975 to 2017, the total area of the lake in Namco expanded by 64.68 km2, with an expansion rate of 3.32%. From 2003 to 2009, the lake area and lake height of Namcuo showed an increasing trend. The lake area increased by 17.2 km2 and the lake height increased by 1.2 m. The comprehensive analysis showed that the temperature of Namcuo basin had increased and the precipitation had increased in the past 47 years. At the same time, the increase in precipitation in the warm season restores the amount of water in the lake, and the decrease in evaporation also inhibits the evaporation of the lake. The changes of these factors are helpful to the expansion of the lake area of Namtso.
引文
[1]西藏自治区统计局.西藏统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2010.
[2]张国庆.青藏高原湖泊变化遥感监测及其对气候变化的响应研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2018(2):214-223.
[3]赵元艺,赵西涛,郑绵平,等.西藏班戈错近50年来的湖面变化[J].地质学报,2006(6):876-884.
[4]万玮,肖鹏峰,冯学智,等.卫星遥感监测近30年来青藏高原湖泊变化[J].科学通报,2014(8):701-714.
[5]董斯扬,薛娴,尤全刚,等.近40年青藏高原湖泊面积变化遥感分析[J].湖泊科学,2014(4):535-544.
[6]边多,边巴次仁,拉巴,等.1975—2008年西藏色林错湖面变化对气候变化的响应[J].地理学报,2010(3):313-319.
[7]德吉央宗,尼玛吉,强巴欧珠.近40年西藏色林错流域湖泊面积变化及影响因素分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2018(2):35-41.
[8]张国庆,姚檀栋.基于ICESat和Landsat的中国十大湖泊水量平衡估算[J].科学通报,2013(26):2664-2678.
[9]德吉央宗,拉巴.基于多源卫星数据扎日南木错湖面变化和气象成因分析[J].湖泊科学,2014(6):963-970.
[10]德吉央宗,拉巴卓玛,拉巴,等.1975—2013年西藏佩枯错湖面变化及分析[J].湖泊科学,2016(6):1338-1347.
[2]张国庆.青藏高原湖泊变化遥感监测及其对气候变化的响应研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2018(2):214-223.
[3]赵元艺,赵西涛,郑绵平,等.西藏班戈错近50年来的湖面变化[J].地质学报,2006(6):876-884.
[4]万玮,肖鹏峰,冯学智,等.卫星遥感监测近30年来青藏高原湖泊变化[J].科学通报,2014(8):701-714.
[5]董斯扬,薛娴,尤全刚,等.近40年青藏高原湖泊面积变化遥感分析[J].湖泊科学,2014(4):535-544.
[6]边多,边巴次仁,拉巴,等.1975—2008年西藏色林错湖面变化对气候变化的响应[J].地理学报,2010(3):313-319.
[7]德吉央宗,尼玛吉,强巴欧珠.近40年西藏色林错流域湖泊面积变化及影响因素分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2018(2):35-41.
[8]张国庆,姚檀栋.基于ICESat和Landsat的中国十大湖泊水量平衡估算[J].科学通报,2013(26):2664-2678.
[9]德吉央宗,拉巴.基于多源卫星数据扎日南木错湖面变化和气象成因分析[J].湖泊科学,2014(6):963-970.
[10]德吉央宗,拉巴卓玛,拉巴,等.1975—2013年西藏佩枯错湖面变化及分析[J].湖泊科学,2016(6):1338-1347.