无人机三维实景测绘在地铁项目土石方规划及现场实务的应用
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摘要
施工前期土石方施工规划所需的测量工作,传统的都是先建网再进行逐步实测。在测量过程中,由于地形地貌复杂、测量难度大,导致原建筑物和地貌的尺寸数据不能准确及时地反映给工程技术人员。利用无人机3D实景测绘,360°视觉效果,可实时准确完成实景测绘,并直接从实景三维模型中获取坐标、距离、高差、面积、土石方,即足不出户也可以如在现场一般,既能了解现场情况,又可解决现场施工和管理工作等,极大地解放了生产力,促进现场测绘技术的发展与推广应用。
The measurement work required for the earthwork construction planning in the early stage of construction is traditionally built on a network,and then carried on step by step. In the surveying process,due to the complex landforms and the difficulties of measurement,the dimensional data of the original buildings and landforms cannot be accurately and timely reflected to the technical personnel. With 360-degree visual effects of,3D scene surveying and mapping of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle( UAV),real scene mapping can be completed accurately. According to this technology, coordinates, distances, height differences,floor areas,and earthworks can be directly obtained from the real scene map,which means one can learn the situation,solve the site problems and manage construction in the office,without need to go to the construction site. This technology greatly liberates productive force, and promotes the development and spreading of the on-site surveying.
The measurement work required for the earthwork construction planning in the early stage of construction is traditionally built on a network,and then carried on step by step. In the surveying process,due to the complex landforms and the difficulties of measurement,the dimensional data of the original buildings and landforms cannot be accurately and timely reflected to the technical personnel. With 360-degree visual effects of,3D scene surveying and mapping of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle( UAV),real scene mapping can be completed accurately. According to this technology, coordinates, distances, height differences,floor areas,and earthworks can be directly obtained from the real scene map,which means one can learn the situation,solve the site problems and manage construction in the office,without need to go to the construction site. This technology greatly liberates productive force, and promotes the development and spreading of the on-site surveying.
引文
[1]周小杰,胡振彪,乔新.无人机倾斜摄影技术在大比例尺地形图测绘中的应用[J].城市勘测,2019(1):63-66.ZHOU Xiaojie,HU Zhenbiao,QIAO Xin. Application of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)oblique photography technology on large scale topographic map surveying and mapping[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2019(1):63-66.
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[7]廖敬波,唐光武,刘怀林.基于三角面积坐标法的纤维梁-柱单元研究[J].公路交通技术,2015(1):30-33.LIAO Jingbo,TANG Guangwu,LIU Huailin. Research on fiber beam-column units based on triangle area coordinate method[J]. Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(1):30-33.
[8]胡智银,李英成,王凤,等.轻小型无人机城市三维建模精度分析与评价[J].遥感信息,2017(6):38-44.HU Zhiyin,LI Yingcheng,WANG Feng,et al. Precision analysis and evaluation for 3D city model based on light and small UAV[J]. Remote sensing information,2017(6):38-44.
[9]汪文滨.利用Object ARX二次开发工具实现公路用地边线坐标的自动标注[J].公路交通技术,2015(3):9-12.WANG Wenbin. Realization of annotation of sideline coordinates of highway land by means of Object ARX secondary development tool[J]. Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(3):9-12.
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[11]巨迪雯,何龙,韩俊扬,等.基于倾斜摄影测量技术构建三维模型[J].电子技术与软件工程,2018(5):198-199.JU Diwen,HE Long,HAN Junyang,et al. Construction of three-dimensional model based on oblique photogrammetry[J]. Electronic Technology&Sofeware Engineering,2018(5):198-199.
[12]刘本宁,黄兵,张陈锋.倾斜摄影测量技术在三维建模中的应用[J].城市勘测,2018(1):37-40.LIU Benning, HUANG Bing, ZHANG Chenfeng.Application of oblique photogrammetry technology on three-dimensional modeling[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2018(1):37-40.
[13]廖玉佳,胡勇,叶涛.基于低空无人机倾斜摄影的三维模型构建[J].北京测绘,2018(5):504-507.LIAO Yujia,HU Yong,YE Tao. Construction of 3D model based on oblique photography of low altitude UAV[J].Beijing Surveying and Mapping,2018(5):504-507.
[14]房丽秀.浅谈倾斜摄影和实景三维模型制作的检查[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018(3):175-177.FANG Lixiu. The tilt photography and real 3D model making inspection[J]. Geomatics&Spatial Informaton Technology,2018(3):175-177.
[15]刘文肖.无人机航空摄影测量在土石方量计算中的应用[J].现代测绘,2018(3):6-8.LIU Wenxiao. Application of UAV aerial photogrammetry on calculation of earthwork volume[J]. Modern Surveying and Mapping,2018(3):6-8.
[2]黄任远,杨明.基于三维动态模型的桥梁与公路视觉安全协调性评价研究[J].公路交通技术,2014(3):141-146.HUANG Renyuan,YANG Ming. Evaluation research on visual safety coordination of bridges and highways based on 3D dynamic model[J]. Technology of Highway and Transport,2014(3):141-146.
[3]付永清.无人机航空摄影测量技术在工程测量中的应用[J].智能与信息化,2018(3):259-260.FU Yongqing. The application of UAV aerial photogrammetry technology in power engineering survey[J].Intelligence and Information,2018(3):259-260.
[4]杜洪涛,郭敏,魏国芳,等.基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的大比例尺地形图测绘方法[J].城市勘测,2018(6):63-67.DU Hongtao,GUO Min,WEI Guofang,et al. A novel large scale urban map updating method based on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)oblique photogrammetric technology[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2018(6):63-67.
[5]郑华,齐东宏,陈向阳,等.倾斜摄影三维模型测图与传统摄影测量测图试验分析探讨[J].测绘技术装备,2018(4):81-83.ZHENG Hua,QI Donghong,CHEN Xiangyang,et al.Analysis and discussion of 3D model mapping of tilt photography and traditional photogrammetry mapping experiment[J]. Geomatics Technology and Equipment,2018(4):81-83.
[6]黄鹤,李若鹏,王柳.消费级无人机倾斜摄影航线规划及地面站实现[J].南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版),2019(1):61-67.HUANG He,LI Ruopeng,WANG Liu. Consumer UAV inclining photography route planning and ground station implementation[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2019(1):61-67.
[7]廖敬波,唐光武,刘怀林.基于三角面积坐标法的纤维梁-柱单元研究[J].公路交通技术,2015(1):30-33.LIAO Jingbo,TANG Guangwu,LIU Huailin. Research on fiber beam-column units based on triangle area coordinate method[J]. Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(1):30-33.
[8]胡智银,李英成,王凤,等.轻小型无人机城市三维建模精度分析与评价[J].遥感信息,2017(6):38-44.HU Zhiyin,LI Yingcheng,WANG Feng,et al. Precision analysis and evaluation for 3D city model based on light and small UAV[J]. Remote sensing information,2017(6):38-44.
[9]汪文滨.利用Object ARX二次开发工具实现公路用地边线坐标的自动标注[J].公路交通技术,2015(3):9-12.WANG Wenbin. Realization of annotation of sideline coordinates of highway land by means of Object ARX secondary development tool[J]. Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(3):9-12.
[10]王保国,张润科.无人机倾斜摄影测量在规划方案比选中的应用[J].测绘通报,2018(1):143-145.WANG Baoguo,ZHANG Runke. Application of UAV tilt photogrammetry in planning schemes comparison and selection[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2018(1):143-145.
[11]巨迪雯,何龙,韩俊扬,等.基于倾斜摄影测量技术构建三维模型[J].电子技术与软件工程,2018(5):198-199.JU Diwen,HE Long,HAN Junyang,et al. Construction of three-dimensional model based on oblique photogrammetry[J]. Electronic Technology&Sofeware Engineering,2018(5):198-199.
[12]刘本宁,黄兵,张陈锋.倾斜摄影测量技术在三维建模中的应用[J].城市勘测,2018(1):37-40.LIU Benning, HUANG Bing, ZHANG Chenfeng.Application of oblique photogrammetry technology on three-dimensional modeling[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2018(1):37-40.
[13]廖玉佳,胡勇,叶涛.基于低空无人机倾斜摄影的三维模型构建[J].北京测绘,2018(5):504-507.LIAO Yujia,HU Yong,YE Tao. Construction of 3D model based on oblique photography of low altitude UAV[J].Beijing Surveying and Mapping,2018(5):504-507.
[14]房丽秀.浅谈倾斜摄影和实景三维模型制作的检查[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018(3):175-177.FANG Lixiu. The tilt photography and real 3D model making inspection[J]. Geomatics&Spatial Informaton Technology,2018(3):175-177.
[15]刘文肖.无人机航空摄影测量在土石方量计算中的应用[J].现代测绘,2018(3):6-8.LIU Wenxiao. Application of UAV aerial photogrammetry on calculation of earthwork volume[J]. Modern Surveying and Mapping,2018(3):6-8.