基于PSR模型的耕地生态安全评价及时空格局演变
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摘要
耕地的生态安全关系到区域的可持续发展,针对耕地生态安全现状,以宁波市南郊小尺度区域为研究对象,基于人与耕地的相互作用机理,通过改进的PSR模型从而构建出适用于研究区域的评价体系,采用熵权法和综合评价法,对2005—2014年间宁波市南郊的耕地生态安全状况进行评价分析,结果表明:(1)从时间尺度上看, 2005—2014年宁波市南郊耕地生态安全经历了"较安全—临界安全—较不安全—安全"的变化阶段。(2)从空间尺度上看,各乡镇街道耕地生态安全状况存在着明显的区域性差异。西部地区整体水平较高,东部地区次之,其中东部以北最低;2005—2014年宁波市南郊生态安全指数变化较小;宁波市南郊生态安全指数呈现显著的空间集聚性,高—高聚类显著性较弱,低—低聚类显著性较强。
The ecological security of cultivated land is related to the sustainable development of the region. According to the present situation of cultivated land ecological security, the small scale area in the southern suburb of Ningbo is taken as the research object. Based on the interaction mechanism between human and cultivated land, the evaluation system suitable for the study area was constructed by PSR model. The entropy weight method and comprehensive evaluation method were used to evaluate the cultivated land ecological security status in the southern suburbs of Ningbo City during 2005-2014. The results are as follows.(1) From the time scale point of view, the cultivated land ecology of the southern suburbs of Ningbo City in 2005 and 2014 was analyzed by the entropy weight method and the comprehensive evaluation method. The ecological security status of cultivated land in the southern suburbs of Ningbo City was analyzed from 2005 to 2014. Safety has undergone a "safer-critical safety-less insecure-safe" phase of change.(2) From the perspective of space, there were obvious regional differences in ecological security of cultivated land in towns and villages. The overall level of the western region was higher than that of the eastern region, with the lowest in the north of the eastern part. The ecological security index of the southern suburbs of Ningbo City changed little in 2005-2014. The ecological security index of the southern suburbs of Ningbo showed significant spatial concentration and high-high clustering less significant, low-low clustering significantly stronger.
The ecological security of cultivated land is related to the sustainable development of the region. According to the present situation of cultivated land ecological security, the small scale area in the southern suburb of Ningbo is taken as the research object. Based on the interaction mechanism between human and cultivated land, the evaluation system suitable for the study area was constructed by PSR model. The entropy weight method and comprehensive evaluation method were used to evaluate the cultivated land ecological security status in the southern suburbs of Ningbo City during 2005-2014. The results are as follows.(1) From the time scale point of view, the cultivated land ecology of the southern suburbs of Ningbo City in 2005 and 2014 was analyzed by the entropy weight method and the comprehensive evaluation method. The ecological security status of cultivated land in the southern suburbs of Ningbo City was analyzed from 2005 to 2014. Safety has undergone a "safer-critical safety-less insecure-safe" phase of change.(2) From the perspective of space, there were obvious regional differences in ecological security of cultivated land in towns and villages. The overall level of the western region was higher than that of the eastern region, with the lowest in the north of the eastern part. The ecological security index of the southern suburbs of Ningbo City changed little in 2005-2014. The ecological security index of the southern suburbs of Ningbo showed significant spatial concentration and high-high clustering less significant, low-low clustering significantly stronger.
引文
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[15]喻锋,李晓兵,王宏,等.皇甫川流域土地利用变化与生态安全评价[J].地理学报,2006,61(6):645-653.
[16]崔明哲,杨凤海,李佳.基于组合赋权法的哈尔滨市耕地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(6):000184-192.
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[18]徐辉,雷国平,崔登攀,等.耕地生态安全评价研究--以黑龙江省宁安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):180-184.
[19]聂艳,彭雅婷,于婧,等.基于量子遗传投影寻踪模型的湖北省耕地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015(11):172-178.
[2]姜广辉,张凤荣,孔祥斌,等.耕地多功能的层次性及其多功能保护[J].中国土地科学,2011(8):42-47.
[3]张锐,刘友兆.我国耕地生态安全评价及障碍因子诊断[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(7):945-951.
[4]金生霞,陈英,杨倩倩,等.河西走廊农地适度经营规模计量研究--基于578农户调查的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(11):6-11.
[5]谢花林,刘桂英.1998-2012年中国耕地复种指数时空差异及动因[J].地理学报,2015,70(4):604-614.
[6]吴良林,罗建平,李漫.基于景观格局原理的土地规模化整理潜力评价方法[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(2):300-306.
[7]MSANGI J P.Land degradation management in southern africa[M].New York:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2007:487-499.
[8]REE J.Run-time calibration of simulation models by integrating remote sensing estimates of leaf area index and canopy nitrogen[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2006,24(4):316-324.
[9]王燕辉,陈卓,曹禺,等.河北省近20年耕地生态安全动态变化及阻力分析[J].水土保持研究,2017(1):194-199.
[10]苏刚,冯菲,张俊梅.黄骅市耕地生态安全评价及生态阻力分析[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(11):179-184.
[11]王耕,吴伟.区域生态安全机理与扰动因素评价指标体系研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(5):11-15.
[12]陈志凡,李勤奋,赵烨.基于熵权的模糊物元模型在农用地土壤健康评价中的应用[J].中国土地科学,2008,22(11):31-37.
[13]冯艳芬.广东省近20年耕地生态安全探析[J].环境保护,2006,(17):53-57.
[14]张锐,郑华伟,刘友兆,等.基于PSR模型的耕地生态安全物元分析评价[J].生态学报,2013,33(16):5090-5100.
[15]喻锋,李晓兵,王宏,等.皇甫川流域土地利用变化与生态安全评价[J].地理学报,2006,61(6):645-653.
[16]崔明哲,杨凤海,李佳.基于组合赋权法的哈尔滨市耕地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(6):000184-192.
[17]李秀珍,布仁仓,常禹,等.景观格局指标对不同景观格局的反应[J].生态学报,2004,24(1):123-134.
[18]徐辉,雷国平,崔登攀,等.耕地生态安全评价研究--以黑龙江省宁安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):180-184.
[19]聂艳,彭雅婷,于婧,等.基于量子遗传投影寻踪模型的湖北省耕地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015(11):172-178.