内蒙古河套灌区饲草大麦复种食用向日葵幼苗试验研究
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摘要
为了提高土地利用率,通过饲草大麦复种育苗食用向日葵试验,综合分析两季作物的产量和效益,从而得出适宜河套灌区双季种植模式。结果表明:前茬饲草大麦12PJ-051平均产量729.44 kg/667 m~2,粗蛋白含量10.24%～11.8%,符合优质牧草的标准;复种的育苗食用向日葵JK601,平均产量240.45 kg/667 m~2;2季合计收入2 944.82元/667 m~2,纯收益2 064.82元/667 m~2,可实现增产、增收,适宜在河套灌区推广种植,对调整本地区种植业结构具有十分重要的意义。
The objective of this study was to establish a suitable double-cropping system of planting edible sunflower after forage barley in Hetao Irrigation Area in Inner Mongolia, thus improving land use efficiency. A field experiment was performed, in which seedlings of the edible sunflower cultivar JK601 were transplanted after harvesting plants of the forage barley cultivar 12 PJ-051, and their yields and resulting economic benefits were comprehensively analyzed.As a result, the average yield of barley plants(the previous crop) was 729.44 kg/667 m~2,and their crude protein content was 10.24%～11.8%, which meets the standard of high-quality forage grass. The average yield of sunflower was 240.45 kg/667 m~2. Consequently, the total income of the two-season crops was 2 944.82 yuan/667 m~2 and the net income was 2 064.82 yuan/667 m~2, demonstrating that this double-cropping system can increase crop yields and the income of farmers. Hence, the established double-cropping system of planting edible sunflower after forage barley is suitable for promoting in Hetao Irrigation Area, which has significant implications for adjusting the structure of planting industry in this area.
The objective of this study was to establish a suitable double-cropping system of planting edible sunflower after forage barley in Hetao Irrigation Area in Inner Mongolia, thus improving land use efficiency. A field experiment was performed, in which seedlings of the edible sunflower cultivar JK601 were transplanted after harvesting plants of the forage barley cultivar 12 PJ-051, and their yields and resulting economic benefits were comprehensively analyzed.As a result, the average yield of barley plants(the previous crop) was 729.44 kg/667 m~2,and their crude protein content was 10.24%～11.8%, which meets the standard of high-quality forage grass. The average yield of sunflower was 240.45 kg/667 m~2. Consequently, the total income of the two-season crops was 2 944.82 yuan/667 m~2 and the net income was 2 064.82 yuan/667 m~2, demonstrating that this double-cropping system can increase crop yields and the income of farmers. Hence, the established double-cropping system of planting edible sunflower after forage barley is suitable for promoting in Hetao Irrigation Area, which has significant implications for adjusting the structure of planting industry in this area.
引文
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[2]王慧敏,苏元红,李有良,等.河套地区向日葵蜜蜂授粉与病虫害绿色防控技术[J].内蒙古农业科技,2015,43(2):58.
[3]闫文芝,史有国,张建成.河套地区复种的可行性及技术研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,2012(1):4-5.
[4]史有国,张凤英,郭呈宇,等.内蒙古河套灌区大麦复种模式研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,2013(6):37,76.
[5]张建中,杨文耀,郭富国,等.河套灌区麦后复种向日葵“一年两作”研究初探[J].内蒙古农业科技,2015,43(1):6-7,42.
[6]段玉,张君,景宇鹏,等.河套灌区麦后复种饲料油菜养分吸收规律及施肥效应[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(6):848-854.
[7]王海伟,苏志芳,刘双禄,等.河套地区麦后复种大豆的产量形成与品质特性比较[J].大豆科学,2017,36(2):233-236.
[8]史有国,闫文芝,郭呈宇,等.河套地区大麦后茬复种西兰花双季栽培技术[J].内蒙古农业科技,2014(6):81,93.
[9]刘琳,张文敬,郝林凤,等.内蒙古河套地区葵前麦后闲田种植饲草燕麦品种比较试验[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2015,36(12):22-23,26.
[10]徐广祥,史有国,陈宇,等.内蒙古河套地区中轻度盐碱地麦后复种饲草大麦应用研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2018,39(6):59-61.
[11]李军,温埃清,柴玉鑫,等.河套灌区晚播向日葵保苗播种技术研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2015,56(7):22-23,74.
[12]马树庆,王琪,吕厚荃,等.水分和温度对春玉米出苗速度和出苗率的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(11):3378-3385.
[13]郝林凤.不同紫花苜蓿品种在河套灌区盐碱地的引种筛选试验[J].中国奶牛,2016(12):62-66.
[14]邹超煜,白岗栓,杜社妮.河套地区春小麦向日葵复种对土壤盐分及农田生产力的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(6):1-10.
[15]董强,王利军,刘晨光,等.河套地区向日葵主要病虫害的发生及防治[J].中国农业文摘-农业工程,2017,29(3):34,43.