高黎贡山小熊猫主食竹种类与分布初步研究
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摘要
采用样线结合样方法对高黎贡山小熊猫栖息地内竹类植物进行了初步调查。在布设的8条样线中共发现小熊猫活体或粪便21处,设置数据采集样方105个,结合野外调查与室内标本鉴定结果,在高黎贡山小熊猫活动密集区域共发现野生竹类植物2属7种。高黎贡山为小熊猫指名亚种的主要分布区域,该调查结果可以为后续小熊猫营养生态学研究提供理论基础。
In this research, the red panda′s staple food bamboos in Gaoligong Mountains were studied by the line transects and quadrat sampling methods. 21 living red panda or red panda′s faeces were found in 8 line transects. According to the trails of red panda, 105 data collecting quadrats were set in the field. In terms of the field investigation and specimen identification, A total of 2 genera, 7 species of bamboos were found in the intensive activity areas of red panda. Gaoligong Mountains are mainly distributed regions of the red panda, i.e. Ailurus fulgens fulgens, this result may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent researches of the nutritional ecology of the red panda.
In this research, the red panda′s staple food bamboos in Gaoligong Mountains were studied by the line transects and quadrat sampling methods. 21 living red panda or red panda′s faeces were found in 8 line transects. According to the trails of red panda, 105 data collecting quadrats were set in the field. In terms of the field investigation and specimen identification, A total of 2 genera, 7 species of bamboos were found in the intensive activity areas of red panda. Gaoligong Mountains are mainly distributed regions of the red panda, i.e. Ailurus fulgens fulgens, this result may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent researches of the nutritional ecology of the red panda.
引文
[1] 汪松.中国濒危动物红皮书(兽类)[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[2] 国家林业局.濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约附录Ⅰ、附录Ⅱ和附录III.[M].北京:国家林业局发文,2008.
[3] 魏辅文,王维,周昂,等.小熊猫对食物的选择和觅食对策的初步研究[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
[4] 杨建东,张泽钧,胡锦矗,等.蜂桶寨自然保护区小熊猫觅食特征和营养对策[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
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[6] 魏辅文,冯祚建,王祖望.相岭山系大、小熊猫主食竹类峨热竹的生长发育与环境因子间的相互关系[J].生态学报,1999,19(5):710-714.
[7] 张泽钧,胡锦矗,吴华.邛崃山系大熊猫和小熊猫生境选择的比较[J].兽类学报,2002,22(3):161-166.
[8] 张晓明,单芬,陈武,等.小熊猫犬瘟热病毒的分离鉴定及分子特点[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(10):60-63.
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[10] 鞠会艳,乔军,高玉伟,等.犬瘟热病毒小熊猫株核蛋白和融合蛋白基因克隆及序列分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(5):112-119.
[11] 刘旭.高黎贡山小熊猫指名亚种的生境选择[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2010.
[12] 李嵘.高黎贡山北段种子植物区系研究[D].昆明:中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2003.
[13] 韩宗先,胡锦矗.小熊猫资源现状与保护[J].生物学通报,2004,39(9):7-9.
[14] WEI F W,FENG Z J,WANG Z W,et al.Current distribution,status and conservation of wild red pandas in China[J].Biological Conservation,1999,89:285-291.
[15] 胡刚.高黎贡山小熊猫生态对策的初步研究[J].动物学研究,1998,19:358-360.
[16] WEI F W,FENG Z J,WANG Z W,et al.Use of nutrients in bamboo by red panda (Ailurus fulgens) [J].Journal of Zoology,1999,248:535-541.
[17] ZHANG Z J,WEI F W,LI M,et al.Microhabitat separation during winter among sympatric giant pandas,red pandas and tufted deer:the effects of diet,body size and energy metabolism[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,2004,82(9):1451-1458.
[18] 刘经纶.高黎贡山南段种子植物区系[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2014.
[19] ZHANG M C,ZHANG Z Z,LI Z,et al.Giant panda foraging and movement patterns in response to bamboo shoot growth[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25:8636-8643.
[20] LIU X H,ALBERTUS G,KOUBA A,et al.Giant Panda habitat selection in foping nature reserve,China[J].Journal of Wildlife Management,2005,69(4):1623-1632.
[21] ZHANG Z J,HU J C,YANG J D,et al.Food habits and space-use of red pandas Ailurus fulgens in the Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve,China:Food effects and behavioral responses[J].Acta Theriologica,2009,54:225-234.
[22] 胡刚.高黎贡山片马丫口小熊猫生境选择初步研究[J].西南林学院学报,1998,18(3):184-188.
[23] 胡锦矗,Johnson K G,Schaller G B.卧龙自然保护区小熊猫行为生态[J].西北大学学报,1987,17:80-86.
[24] YONZON P B.Ecology and conservation of the red panda in Nepal-Himalayas[D].Drono:Marine University,1989.
[25] 魏辅文,王维,周昂等.小熊猫对食物的选择和觅食对策的初步研究[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
[26] 张泽钧,李有绪,韦伟等.野生小熊猫营养生态学研究:现状与前瞻[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(1):1-5.
[2] 国家林业局.濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约附录Ⅰ、附录Ⅱ和附录III.[M].北京:国家林业局发文,2008.
[3] 魏辅文,王维,周昂,等.小熊猫对食物的选择和觅食对策的初步研究[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
[4] 杨建东,张泽钧,胡锦矗,等.蜂桶寨自然保护区小熊猫觅食特征和营养对策[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
[5] 胡锦矗,魏辅文.小熊猫的觅食行为生态[J].四川师范学院学报(自然科学版),1992,13(2):83-87.
[6] 魏辅文,冯祚建,王祖望.相岭山系大、小熊猫主食竹类峨热竹的生长发育与环境因子间的相互关系[J].生态学报,1999,19(5):710-714.
[7] 张泽钧,胡锦矗,吴华.邛崃山系大熊猫和小熊猫生境选择的比较[J].兽类学报,2002,22(3):161-166.
[8] 张晓明,单芬,陈武,等.小熊猫犬瘟热病毒的分离鉴定及分子特点[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(10):60-63.
[9] 杨光友,王成东.小熊猫寄生虫与寄生虫病研究进展[J].中国兽医杂志,2000,26(3):36-38.
[10] 鞠会艳,乔军,高玉伟,等.犬瘟热病毒小熊猫株核蛋白和融合蛋白基因克隆及序列分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(5):112-119.
[11] 刘旭.高黎贡山小熊猫指名亚种的生境选择[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2010.
[12] 李嵘.高黎贡山北段种子植物区系研究[D].昆明:中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2003.
[13] 韩宗先,胡锦矗.小熊猫资源现状与保护[J].生物学通报,2004,39(9):7-9.
[14] WEI F W,FENG Z J,WANG Z W,et al.Current distribution,status and conservation of wild red pandas in China[J].Biological Conservation,1999,89:285-291.
[15] 胡刚.高黎贡山小熊猫生态对策的初步研究[J].动物学研究,1998,19:358-360.
[16] WEI F W,FENG Z J,WANG Z W,et al.Use of nutrients in bamboo by red panda (Ailurus fulgens) [J].Journal of Zoology,1999,248:535-541.
[17] ZHANG Z J,WEI F W,LI M,et al.Microhabitat separation during winter among sympatric giant pandas,red pandas and tufted deer:the effects of diet,body size and energy metabolism[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,2004,82(9):1451-1458.
[18] 刘经纶.高黎贡山南段种子植物区系[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2014.
[19] ZHANG M C,ZHANG Z Z,LI Z,et al.Giant panda foraging and movement patterns in response to bamboo shoot growth[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25:8636-8643.
[20] LIU X H,ALBERTUS G,KOUBA A,et al.Giant Panda habitat selection in foping nature reserve,China[J].Journal of Wildlife Management,2005,69(4):1623-1632.
[21] ZHANG Z J,HU J C,YANG J D,et al.Food habits and space-use of red pandas Ailurus fulgens in the Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve,China:Food effects and behavioral responses[J].Acta Theriologica,2009,54:225-234.
[22] 胡刚.高黎贡山片马丫口小熊猫生境选择初步研究[J].西南林学院学报,1998,18(3):184-188.
[23] 胡锦矗,Johnson K G,Schaller G B.卧龙自然保护区小熊猫行为生态[J].西北大学学报,1987,17:80-86.
[24] YONZON P B.Ecology and conservation of the red panda in Nepal-Himalayas[D].Drono:Marine University,1989.
[25] 魏辅文,王维,周昂等.小熊猫对食物的选择和觅食对策的初步研究[J].兽类学报,1995,15(4):259-266.
[26] 张泽钧,李有绪,韦伟等.野生小熊猫营养生态学研究:现状与前瞻[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(1):1-5.