峡江水利枢纽运行后库区水质变化及对策建议
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摘要
协调水资源开发利用与水资源保护的关系,促进人水和谐,是水利工程建设和运行必须考虑的问题.探讨峡江水利枢纽运行前后库区水质变化,对保障库区内居民生产生活用水安全具有重要意义.本文以库区内8个水功能区的监测断面氨氮、高锰酸盐指数、总磷作为主要分析指标,从时间及空间序列探究这3个指标的相互联系及变化规律,分析了水质变化原因并提出相应对策建议.结果表明,水库运行后库区内水功能区(按双因子评价)水质整体较好,基本控制在Ⅱ～Ⅲ类水之间.高锰酸盐指数较稳定,但有缓慢增长趋势;氨氮和总磷呈显著相关性,有一定上升趋势.
Coordinating the relationship between water resources development and utilization and water resources protection, and promoting harmony between people and water are issues that must be considered in the construction and operation of water conservancy projects. It is of great significance to study the changes of water quality in the reservoir area before and after the operation of Xiajiang water conservancy project. Taking the ammonia nitrogen,permanganate index and total phosphorus in the monitoring sections of the eight water functional zones in the reservoir area as the main analytical indicators,the interaction and variation of these three indicators were investigated from the time and space sequences, and the causes of water quality changes were analyzed. Propose corresponding countermeasures. The results show that the water quality of the water function area(according to two-factor evaluation)in the reservoir area after the operation of the reservoir is generally good,and the basic control is between II and III water. The permanganate index is relatively stable, but has a slow growth trend; ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are significantly correlated and have a certain upward trend.
Coordinating the relationship between water resources development and utilization and water resources protection, and promoting harmony between people and water are issues that must be considered in the construction and operation of water conservancy projects. It is of great significance to study the changes of water quality in the reservoir area before and after the operation of Xiajiang water conservancy project. Taking the ammonia nitrogen,permanganate index and total phosphorus in the monitoring sections of the eight water functional zones in the reservoir area as the main analytical indicators,the interaction and variation of these three indicators were investigated from the time and space sequences, and the causes of water quality changes were analyzed. Propose corresponding countermeasures. The results show that the water quality of the water function area(according to two-factor evaluation)in the reservoir area after the operation of the reservoir is generally good,and the basic control is between II and III water. The permanganate index is relatively stable, but has a slow growth trend; ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are significantly correlated and have a certain upward trend.
引文
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[2]许足怀，陈长英，张幸农，等．三峡水库蓄水后湘江长沙段低水位变化规律研究[J]．水利水运工程学报，2014,12(5):81~86.
[3]李保，张昀哲，唐敏炯．长江口近十年水质时空演变趋势分析[J]．人民长江，2018,49(18):33~37.
[4]郑丙辉，曹承进，秦延文，等.三峡水库主要入库河流氮营养盐特征及其来源分析[J].环境科学，2008,29(1):1~6.
[5]张蕊琪，铁柏清，胡旷成，等．湘江水利枢纽工程蓄水后对工程上游水环境营养水平影响研究[J]．四川环境，2015,34(6):81~86.
[6]张佳磊，郑丙辉，刘录三，等．三峡水库试验性蓄水前后大宁河富营养化状态比较[J]．环境科学，2012,33(10):3382~3389.
[7]马经安，李红清．浅谈国内外江河湖库水体富营养化状况[J]．长江流域资源与环境，2002,11(6):575~578.
[8]袁啸．湘江水利枢纽工程对湘江（长沙段）水质影响与预警研究[D]．长沙：湖南农业大学，2012.