栽培密度对黑糯玉米秋季性状指标的影响
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摘要
研究了在江淮地区,栽培密度对黑糯玉米秋季田间性状、产量及品质指标的影响。结果表明,栽培密度由45 000株/hm~2提高到75 000株/hm~2,果穗籽粒颜色由白色转为黑色的速率变慢,籽粒完全转为黑色所需时间约相差2 d;株高、穗位表现为先逐步提高后趋于稳定;单果穗的重量在授粉后18～30 d内先快速增加后缓慢降低,单果穗重量的峰值随栽培密度的增加在时间上向后推移;鲜果穗产量随栽培密度的提高先增加后降低,以60 000株/hm~2的栽培密度产量最高;鲜果穗的感官品质在栽培密度达到67 500株/hm~2后,品质变差,综合品尝总分随栽培密度的提高先略有提高,后明显降低。
The effect of planting density on field characters,yield and quality of black waxy corn sown in autumn in Jianghuai region was studied. The results showed that: the planting density increased by 75 000 plants/hm~2 from 45 000 plants/hm~2,the rate of ear color changing from white to black slowed down,and the time needed for grain to turn black completely varied by 2 days. The plant height and spike position gradually increased and then stabilized. The weight of single ear increased rapidly and then decreased slowly within 18-30 days after pollination.The peak value of single ear weight moved backward with the increase of planting density. The yield of fresh fruit ears increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density,and the yield of 60 000 plants/hm~2 was the highest. The sensory quality of fresh fruit panicles became worse when the planting density reached 67 500 plants/hm~2. The total comprehensive tasting score increased slightly at first and then decreased significantly with the increase of planting density.
The effect of planting density on field characters,yield and quality of black waxy corn sown in autumn in Jianghuai region was studied. The results showed that: the planting density increased by 75 000 plants/hm~2 from 45 000 plants/hm~2,the rate of ear color changing from white to black slowed down,and the time needed for grain to turn black completely varied by 2 days. The plant height and spike position gradually increased and then stabilized. The weight of single ear increased rapidly and then decreased slowly within 18-30 days after pollination.The peak value of single ear weight moved backward with the increase of planting density. The yield of fresh fruit ears increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density,and the yield of 60 000 plants/hm~2 was the highest. The sensory quality of fresh fruit panicles became worse when the planting density reached 67 500 plants/hm~2. The total comprehensive tasting score increased slightly at first and then decreased significantly with the increase of planting density.
引文
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[3]孟俊文,高平,曲伏光.保健型黑糯玉米的营养价值及综合利用[J].农业科技通讯,2010(11):113-115.
[4]冉颖霞,宫坤,周杨,等.超级黑糯玉米芯色素的抗肿瘤和体外抗氧化作用[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(4):351-354,359.
[5]保健型黑糯玉米的营养价值及其栽培技术[J].吉林蔬菜,2017(7):3-4.
[6]公茂迎.黑玉米的利用价值及高产高效栽培技术[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(5):773.
[7]沈雪芳,王义发,楼坚锋,等.种植方式与密度对糯玉米‘沪紫黑糯1号’的影响[J].上海农业学报,2012,28(2):8-10.
[8]俞梅芳,李丹,方群英,等.奉贤区“沪紫黑糯1号”玉米不同栽培方式及最佳采收期试验研究[J].上海农业科技,2009(4):91-92.