人力资本理论视角下俄罗斯高考制度改革分析
|
摘要
教育作为国家重要软实力,其发展一直备受重视。人力资本理论的出现,使得人们对教育的经济学价值有了新的认识。高等教育作为一种稀缺资源,是一国人力资本投资的重要形式,其稀缺特性注定了其选拔性和竞争性。高考制度作为高等教育中人力资本配置的选择性门槛,对于人力资本的优化配置和投资效率有着重要的影响。本文以人力资本理论为切入点,对新世纪俄罗斯高考制度改革,即国家统一考试制度进行分析,以期在探究俄罗斯高考制度改革的同时进一步认识我国现阶段高等教育中异地高考改革措施。
As an important soft power of a country, education has always been highly valued. The emergence of human capital theory has made people have a new understanding of the economic value of education. As a scarce resource, higher education is an important form of human capital investment in a country, and its scarcity leads to its selection and competitiveness. As the selective threshold of human capital allocation in higher education, the college entrance examination system has an important impact on the optimal allocation of human capital and investment efficiency. This paper takes the human capital theory as the starting point, analyzes the reform of the Russian college entrance examination system in new century, that is, the national unified examination system, in order to have further understanding on the reform measures of the college entrance examination for Migrant Children in higher education in China.
As an important soft power of a country, education has always been highly valued. The emergence of human capital theory has made people have a new understanding of the economic value of education. As a scarce resource, higher education is an important form of human capital investment in a country, and its scarcity leads to its selection and competitiveness. As the selective threshold of human capital allocation in higher education, the college entrance examination system has an important impact on the optimal allocation of human capital and investment efficiency. This paper takes the human capital theory as the starting point, analyzes the reform of the Russian college entrance examination system in new century, that is, the national unified examination system, in order to have further understanding on the reform measures of the college entrance examination for Migrant Children in higher education in China.
引文
[1]舒尔茨.人力资本投资-教育和研究的作用[M].北京:商务印书馆,1990.
[2]王建民.人力资本产生制度研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2001.
[3]Cargje,M.Education and Labor Markers,Introdution,in Martin Carnoy[C].International Encyclopedia of Economics of Education.Elsevier Science Ltd.1995.
[4]Carnoy,M.The Economics of Education,Then and Now[A],in Martin Cargoy.International Encyclopedia of Education[C].Elsevier Science Ltd,1995
[5]Schltz,T.W..The Economic Value of Education[M].New York:Columbia University Press,1963.
[6]张俊勇,张玉梅.俄罗斯国家统一考试改革历程及对中国高考改革的启示[J].考试研究,2012(04).
[7]Ярослав Кузьминов.Мы хуже китайцев?[EB/OL].http://www.hse.ru/news/55983879.html.2012-07-04.
[8]ЕГЭ по математике разделят на базовый и профильный уровень(рус.),РИА Новости.Проверено 16 мая 2017.
[2]王建民.人力资本产生制度研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2001.
[3]Cargje,M.Education and Labor Markers,Introdution,in Martin Carnoy[C].International Encyclopedia of Economics of Education.Elsevier Science Ltd.1995.
[4]Carnoy,M.The Economics of Education,Then and Now[A],in Martin Cargoy.International Encyclopedia of Education[C].Elsevier Science Ltd,1995
[5]Schltz,T.W..The Economic Value of Education[M].New York:Columbia University Press,1963.
[6]张俊勇,张玉梅.俄罗斯国家统一考试改革历程及对中国高考改革的启示[J].考试研究,2012(04).
[7]Ярослав Кузьминов.Мы хуже китайцев?[EB/OL].http://www.hse.ru/news/55983879.html.2012-07-04.
[8]ЕГЭ по математике разделят на базовый и профильный уровень(рус.),РИА Новости.Проверено 16 мая 2017.