饮用水紫外线消毒及细菌暗复活研究
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摘要
目的研究浊度、紫外线强度和水力停留时间对紫外线消毒效果及消毒后水体中细菌暗复活的影响.方法以广州市西江水为原水,经过混凝、沉淀、过滤后进入紫外消毒器,在不同浊度值、紫外线强度和水力停留时间下,分析紫外线消毒效果及消毒后细菌暗复活.结果浊度为0～1.0 NTU、紫外线强度>3 126μW/cm~2、水力停留时间>1 200 s时消毒效果达到100%;当浊度在0～1.0 NTU时,浊度越大,细菌暗复活速率越快;当浊度>1.0 NTU时,浊度对细菌暗复活影响不明显.结论浊度、紫外线强度、水力停留时间对紫外线消毒效果的影响大小依次为:紫外线强度,浊度,水力停留时间;增加紫外强度或水力停留时间能抑制细菌暗复活,而增加浊度会增强细菌暗复活.
The effect of turbidity,ultraviolet intensity and hydraulic retention time on UV disinfection effect and dark resurrection of bacteria was studied in this paper.After coagulation,precipitation and filtration,the water from Xijiang River in Guangzhou was disinfected by ultraviolet through the ultraviolet disinfector.The effect of UV disinfection and dark resurrection of bacteria after disinfection were analyzed under different turbidity values,UV intensity and hydraulic retention time.The results showed that the disinfection effect reached 100% when turbidity was 0～1.0 NTU,UV intensity>3 126 μW/cm~2,hydraulic retention time>1 200 s;when the turbidity was 0～1.0 NTU,the greater turbidity was,the faster bacterial dark resurrection rate was;when turbidity>1.0 NTU,the turbidity had no obvious effect on bacterial dark resurrection.As a result,the influence of turbidity,UV intensity and hydraulic retention time on the UV disinfection effect was follows:UV intensity>turbidity>hydraulic retention time;increasing UV intensity or hydraulic retention time can inhibit the dark resurrection of bacteria,while increasing turbidity will enhance the dark resurrection.
The effect of turbidity,ultraviolet intensity and hydraulic retention time on UV disinfection effect and dark resurrection of bacteria was studied in this paper.After coagulation,precipitation and filtration,the water from Xijiang River in Guangzhou was disinfected by ultraviolet through the ultraviolet disinfector.The effect of UV disinfection and dark resurrection of bacteria after disinfection were analyzed under different turbidity values,UV intensity and hydraulic retention time.The results showed that the disinfection effect reached 100% when turbidity was 0～1.0 NTU,UV intensity>3 126 μW/cm~2,hydraulic retention time>1 200 s;when the turbidity was 0～1.0 NTU,the greater turbidity was,the faster bacterial dark resurrection rate was;when turbidity>1.0 NTU,the turbidity had no obvious effect on bacterial dark resurrection.As a result,the influence of turbidity,UV intensity and hydraulic retention time on the UV disinfection effect was follows:UV intensity>turbidity>hydraulic retention time;increasing UV intensity or hydraulic retention time can inhibit the dark resurrection of bacteria,while increasing turbidity will enhance the dark resurrection.
引文
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[19] CORIN N,WIKLUND T,BACKLUND P.Bacterial growth in humic waters exposed to UV-radiation and simulated sunlight[J].Chemosphere,1998,36(36):1947-1958.
[20] 汪喜生,吕瑞滨,沈怡雯,等.污水中耐红霉素细菌的复活特性研究[J].安全与环境工程,2018,25(4):70-75.(WANG Xisheng,LU Ruibin,SHEN Yiwen,et al.Reactivation characteristic of erythromycin resistant bacteria in wastewater after UV disinfection[J].Safety and environmental engineering,2018,25(4):70-75.)
[21] 杨纪超.深圳污水处理厂紫外消毒的影响因素及改进对策[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.(YANG Jichao .Influencing factors of ultraviolet disinfection and strategies for the improvement in SHENZhen wastewater treatment palnt[D].Harbin :Harbin Engineering University,2013.)
[2] ZHANG S H,YE C S,LIN H R,et al.UV disinfection induces a VBNC state in escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].Environmental science & tecnology,2015,49(3):1721-1728.
[3] MESSINA G,BURGASSI S,MESSINA D,et al.A new UV-LED device for automatic disinfection of stethoscope membranes[J].America journal of infection control,2015,43(10):61-66.
[4] 李静,王大宁,曲红梅,等.紫外线对大肠杆菌的损伤机制研究[J].军事医学,2016,40(9):725-728.(LI Jing,WANG Daning,QU Hongmei,et al.Mechanism of escherichia coli injury under UV disinfection[J].Military medicine,2016,40(9):725-728.)
[5] 徐海梅,许鹏程,王小昌,等.紫外线消毒对大肠杆菌的损伤及复苏的研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(7):2639-2645.(XU Haimei,XU Pengcheng,WANG Xiaochang,et al.Studies on the injury and reactivation of Escherichia coli under ultraviolet disinfection[J].China environmental science,2017,37(7):2639-2645.)
[6] CLANCY J L,HARGY T M,MARSHALL M M,et al.UV light inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts[J].Journal of the American water works association,1998,90(9):92-102.
[7] CLANCY J L,BUKHARI Z,HARGY T M,et al.Using UV to inactivate cryptosporidium[J].Journal of the American water works association,2000,92(9):97-104.
[8] BROWNELL S A,CHAKRABARTI A R,KASER F M,et al.Assessment of a low-cost,point-of-use,ultraviolet water disinfection technology[J].Journal of water health,2008,6(1):53-65.
[9] 矫彩山,孙晓宇,邓国政.紫外线消毒中的光复活作用[J].环境科学与管理,2007,31(9):125.(JIAO Caishan,SUN Xiaoyu,DENG Guozheng.Photoreactivation of bacteria following UV disinfection[J].Environmental science and management,2007,31(9):125.)
[10] LAZAROVA V,SAVOYE P,JANEX M,et al.Advanced wastewater disinfection technologies:state of the art and perspectives[J].Water science and technology,1999,40(4/5):203-213.
[11] LINGEN J C G.How particles affect UV light in the UV disinfection of ubfiltered drinking water[J].Journal of the American water works association,2003,95(4):179-189.
[12] 张轶群.紫外线消毒技术在饮用水中应用的影响因素研究[J].城镇供水,2011(4):35-36.(ZHANG Yiqun.Study on the influencing factors of UV disinfection technology in drinking water[J].Urban water supply,2011(4):35-36.)
[13] LIU L,CHU X,CHEN P,et al.Effects of water quality on inactivation and repair of microcystisviridis and tetraselmissuecica following medium-pressure UV irradiation[J].Chemosphere,2016,163:209-216.
[14] 张琳.高梯度磁分离-紫外法灭活压载水中微生物的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2015.(ZHANG Lin.Study on the inactivation of microbe in ballast water by high gradient magnetic separation – UV combined process[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2015.)
[15] 张克峰,潘春雨,徐展,等.污水处理紫外线消毒的影响因素[J].净水技术,2018,37(5):62-66.(ZHANG Kefeng,PAN Chunyu,XU Zhan,et al.Influencing factors of ultraviolet(UV) disinfection for sewage treatment[J].Water purification technology,2018,37(5):62-66.)
[16] SHANG C,CHEUNG L M,Ho C M,et al.Repression of photoreactivation and dark repair of coliform bacteria by TiO2-modified UV-C disinfection[J].Applied catalysis B:environmental,2009,89(3/4):536-542.
[17] SHAW J P,WILLOUGHBY M S A.International water supply effects of UV irradiation on organic matter[J].Journal of the American water works association,2000,92(4):157-167.
[18] 孙雯.紫外线消毒对水中微生物灭活及生物稳定性研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2009.(SUN Wen.Effect of ultraviolet disinfection on drinking water microbial inactivation and biological stability[D].Qingdao:Qingdao Technological University,2009.)
[19] CORIN N,WIKLUND T,BACKLUND P.Bacterial growth in humic waters exposed to UV-radiation and simulated sunlight[J].Chemosphere,1998,36(36):1947-1958.
[20] 汪喜生,吕瑞滨,沈怡雯,等.污水中耐红霉素细菌的复活特性研究[J].安全与环境工程,2018,25(4):70-75.(WANG Xisheng,LU Ruibin,SHEN Yiwen,et al.Reactivation characteristic of erythromycin resistant bacteria in wastewater after UV disinfection[J].Safety and environmental engineering,2018,25(4):70-75.)
[21] 杨纪超.深圳污水处理厂紫外消毒的影响因素及改进对策[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.(YANG Jichao .Influencing factors of ultraviolet disinfection and strategies for the improvement in SHENZhen wastewater treatment palnt[D].Harbin :Harbin Engineering University,2013.)