生姜硒营养特性研究
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摘要
通过叶面喷硒研究了硒对生姜产量、各部位硒含量和累积分配及品质的影响,旨在探究生姜硒营养特性,为富硒生姜的生产提供依据。结果表明,外源施硒可显著提高生姜各部位硒含量,且对生姜的产量有显著影响。三叉期和膨大期喷施硒酸盐,生姜各部位硒含量分别是亚硒酸盐的5.5～8.2倍和2.8～4.1倍;喷施亚硒酸盐,姜皮硒含量均高于姜肉,喷施硒酸盐,姜肉硒含量高于姜皮。无论何时喷施何种硒源,硒在生姜中的有机转化率均可达到57%以上,膨大期喷硒,生姜有机硒比例高于三叉期。喷硒处理下,生姜Vc、还原糖和姜辣素含量均有提高,因此施硒对生姜品质有一定改善作用。
In this study,the effects of selenium on the yield,selenium content,accumulation and distribution in different parts and quality of ginger were studied by spraying selenium on leaves.The aim of this study was to explore the nutritional characteristics of selenium in ginger and provide the basis for the application of Se-enriched ginger.The results showed that spraying selenium significantly increased the selenium content in different parts of ginger,and had a significant effect on the yield of ginger.Spraying selenate at trident stage and expansion stage made the selenium content in each part of ginger 5.5～8.2 times and 2.8～4.1 times higher than that of selenite respectively.When selenite was sprayed,the selenium content of ginger peel was higher than that of ginger pulp,when selenate was sprayed,the selenium content of ginger pulp was higher than that of ginger peel.Whenever and whichever the selenium was sprayed,the organic transformation rate of selenium in ginger could get over 57%.When selenium was sprayed at expansion stage the proportion of organic selenium in ginger was higher than that of spraying at trident stage.The contents of Vc,reducing sugar and gingerol of ginger were all increased after spraying selenium,therefore the application of selenium could improve the quality of ginger.
In this study,the effects of selenium on the yield,selenium content,accumulation and distribution in different parts and quality of ginger were studied by spraying selenium on leaves.The aim of this study was to explore the nutritional characteristics of selenium in ginger and provide the basis for the application of Se-enriched ginger.The results showed that spraying selenium significantly increased the selenium content in different parts of ginger,and had a significant effect on the yield of ginger.Spraying selenate at trident stage and expansion stage made the selenium content in each part of ginger 5.5～8.2 times and 2.8～4.1 times higher than that of selenite respectively.When selenite was sprayed,the selenium content of ginger peel was higher than that of ginger pulp,when selenate was sprayed,the selenium content of ginger pulp was higher than that of ginger peel.Whenever and whichever the selenium was sprayed,the organic transformation rate of selenium in ginger could get over 57%.When selenium was sprayed at expansion stage the proportion of organic selenium in ginger was higher than that of spraying at trident stage.The contents of Vc,reducing sugar and gingerol of ginger were all increased after spraying selenium,therefore the application of selenium could improve the quality of ginger.
引文
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[2]Rayman M P.The argument for increasing selenium intake[J].Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,2002,61(2):203-215.
[3]Rayman M P.Food-chain selenium and human health:emphasis on intake[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2008,100(2):254-268.
[4]Zhu Y G,Pilon S,Elizabeth A H,et al.Selenium in higher plants:understanding mechanisms for biofortification and phytoremediation[J].Trends in Plant Science,2009,14(8):436-442.
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[8]廖青,刑颖,梁潘虾,等.甘薯自然富硒能力测定及施硒方式对甘薯硒含量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1838-1842.
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[13]李鸣凤,邓小芳,付小丽,等.不同硒源对小麦生长、硒吸收利用以及玉米后效的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(1):1-7.
[14]Mélanie L,Nicolas A,Maryse C R.Selenium uptake in Zea mays supplied with selenate or selenite under hydroponic conditions[J].Plant Soil,2013,362:107-117.
[15]Deng X F,Liu K Z,Li M F,et al.Difference of selenium uptake and distribution in the plant and selenium form in the grains of rice with foliar spray of selenite or selenate at different stages[J].Field crops research,2017,211:165-171.
[16]刘庆,田侠,史衍玺.蓝莓对外源硒的吸收、转化及其对品质效应的影响[J].植物生理学报,2016,529(8):1151-1158.
[17]金继运,何萍,刘海龙,等.氮肥用量对高淀粉玉米和普通玉米吸氮特性及产量和品质影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004,10(6):568-573.
[18]张维勤.姜辣素的测定方法[J].山东农业科学,1991,(6):11-14.
[19]张明昶,李健,蒙继昭.紫外分光光度法测定姜中姜辣素类化合物的含量[J].贵州医药,2003,27(3):283-284.
[20]王永勤,曹家树,李建华,等.施硒对大蒜产量和含硒量的影响[J].园艺学报,2001,28(5):425-429.
[21]Hao Y B,Liu H L,Ci X K,et al.Effects of applying selenium on selenium allocation,grain yield,and grain quality of two maize cultivars[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(2):411-418.
[22]张妮,李琦,张栋,等.外源硒对滴灌小麦籽粒硒含量及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(7):995-1001.
[23]Ducsay L,Lozek O,Marcek M,et al.Possibility of selenium biofortification of winter wheat grain[J].Plant Soil and Environment,2016,62(8):379-383.
[24]Kikkert J,Berkelaar E.Plant uptake and translocation of inorganic and organic forms of selenium[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2013,65(3):458-465.
[25]刘庆,田侠,史衍玺.施硒对小麦籽粒硒富集、转化及蛋白质与矿质元素含量的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(5):778-783.
[26]Pedrero Z,Madrid Y,Cámara C,et al.Selenium species bioaccessibility in enriched radish(Raphanus sativus):Apotential dietary source of selenium[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2006,54(6):2412-2417.
[27]Sun M,Liu G J,Wu Q H,et al.Speciation of organic and inorganic selenium in selenium-enriched rice by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction[J].Food Chemistry,2013,141(1):66-71.
[28]Kapolna E,Hillestrom P R,Laursen K H,et al.Effect of foliar application of selenium on its uptake and speciation in carrot[J].Food chemistry,2009,115(4):1357-1363.
[29]宁婵娟,丁宁,吴国良,等.喷施时期与浓度对红富士苹果果实品质及各部位全硒和有机态硒含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(5):1109-1117.
[30]Zhao Y G,Wu P T,Wang Y K,et al.Different approaches for selenium biofortification of pear-jujube(Zizyphus jujuba M.cv.Lizao)and associated effects on fruit quality[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2013,11:529-534.
[31]高贞攀,郭平毅,原向阳,等.叶面喷施亚硒酸钠对谷子籽粒含硒量及品质的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(5):157-161.
[32]方勇,陈曦,陈悦.外源硒对水稻籽粒营养品质和重金属含量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(4):760-765.
[2]Rayman M P.The argument for increasing selenium intake[J].Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,2002,61(2):203-215.
[3]Rayman M P.Food-chain selenium and human health:emphasis on intake[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2008,100(2):254-268.
[4]Zhu Y G,Pilon S,Elizabeth A H,et al.Selenium in higher plants:understanding mechanisms for biofortification and phytoremediation[J].Trends in Plant Science,2009,14(8):436-442.
[5]Fordyce F M,Zhang G,Green K,et al.Soil,grain and water chemistry in relation to human selenium-responsive diseases in Enshi District,China[J].Applied Geochemistry,2000,15(1):117-132.
[6]农业部.2006年全国各地蔬菜播种面积和产量[J].中国蔬菜,2008,(1):65-66.
[7]张木,胡承孝,赵小虎,等.钼硒互作对小白菜产量及营养品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(3):72-76.
[8]廖青,刑颖,梁潘虾,等.甘薯自然富硒能力测定及施硒方式对甘薯硒含量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1838-1842.
[9]Dinh Q T,Li Z,Tran T A T,et al.Role of organic acids on the bioavailability of selenium in soil:A review[J].Chemosphere,2017,184:618-635.
[10]Sager M.Selenium in agriculture,food,and nutrition[J].Pure and App1ied Chemistry,2006,78(1):111-133.
[11]Fernandez V,Brown P H.From plant surface to plant metabolism:the uncertain fate of foliar-applied nutrients[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2013,4(4):1-5.
[12]Hartikainen H.Biochemistry of selenium and its impact on food chain quality and human health[J].Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology,2005,18(4):309-318.
[13]李鸣凤,邓小芳,付小丽,等.不同硒源对小麦生长、硒吸收利用以及玉米后效的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(1):1-7.
[14]Mélanie L,Nicolas A,Maryse C R.Selenium uptake in Zea mays supplied with selenate or selenite under hydroponic conditions[J].Plant Soil,2013,362:107-117.
[15]Deng X F,Liu K Z,Li M F,et al.Difference of selenium uptake and distribution in the plant and selenium form in the grains of rice with foliar spray of selenite or selenate at different stages[J].Field crops research,2017,211:165-171.
[16]刘庆,田侠,史衍玺.蓝莓对外源硒的吸收、转化及其对品质效应的影响[J].植物生理学报,2016,529(8):1151-1158.
[17]金继运,何萍,刘海龙,等.氮肥用量对高淀粉玉米和普通玉米吸氮特性及产量和品质影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004,10(6):568-573.
[18]张维勤.姜辣素的测定方法[J].山东农业科学,1991,(6):11-14.
[19]张明昶,李健,蒙继昭.紫外分光光度法测定姜中姜辣素类化合物的含量[J].贵州医药,2003,27(3):283-284.
[20]王永勤,曹家树,李建华,等.施硒对大蒜产量和含硒量的影响[J].园艺学报,2001,28(5):425-429.
[21]Hao Y B,Liu H L,Ci X K,et al.Effects of applying selenium on selenium allocation,grain yield,and grain quality of two maize cultivars[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(2):411-418.
[22]张妮,李琦,张栋,等.外源硒对滴灌小麦籽粒硒含量及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(7):995-1001.
[23]Ducsay L,Lozek O,Marcek M,et al.Possibility of selenium biofortification of winter wheat grain[J].Plant Soil and Environment,2016,62(8):379-383.
[24]Kikkert J,Berkelaar E.Plant uptake and translocation of inorganic and organic forms of selenium[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2013,65(3):458-465.
[25]刘庆,田侠,史衍玺.施硒对小麦籽粒硒富集、转化及蛋白质与矿质元素含量的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(5):778-783.
[26]Pedrero Z,Madrid Y,Cámara C,et al.Selenium species bioaccessibility in enriched radish(Raphanus sativus):Apotential dietary source of selenium[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2006,54(6):2412-2417.
[27]Sun M,Liu G J,Wu Q H,et al.Speciation of organic and inorganic selenium in selenium-enriched rice by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction[J].Food Chemistry,2013,141(1):66-71.
[28]Kapolna E,Hillestrom P R,Laursen K H,et al.Effect of foliar application of selenium on its uptake and speciation in carrot[J].Food chemistry,2009,115(4):1357-1363.
[29]宁婵娟,丁宁,吴国良,等.喷施时期与浓度对红富士苹果果实品质及各部位全硒和有机态硒含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(5):1109-1117.
[30]Zhao Y G,Wu P T,Wang Y K,et al.Different approaches for selenium biofortification of pear-jujube(Zizyphus jujuba M.cv.Lizao)and associated effects on fruit quality[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2013,11:529-534.
[31]高贞攀,郭平毅,原向阳,等.叶面喷施亚硒酸钠对谷子籽粒含硒量及品质的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(5):157-161.
[32]方勇,陈曦,陈悦.外源硒对水稻籽粒营养品质和重金属含量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(4):760-765.