机械刺激对匍匐茎型植物蛇莓(Duchesnea indica)克隆可塑性的影响（英文）
|
摘要
机械刺激(mechanical stimuli, MS)在自然界的分布较为普遍,然而关于机械刺激对匍匐茎型克隆植物影响的研究相对较少。为此,实验对匍匐茎型克隆植物蛇莓(Duchesneaindica)进行了对照(无机械刺激)、克隆片段顶部刺激、半克隆片段刺激和整克隆片段刺激共四个水平的机械刺激处理,通过研究蛇莓克隆生长的响应,探讨机械刺激对其作用机理。结果表明:与对照相比,机械刺激导致蛇莓产生较多的分株、较多的匍匐茎、短而细的叶柄及较多的根生物量分配。同时,不同作用位点的机械刺激对各生理生长指标的效应差异并不显著。另外,通过对各生长指标表型可塑性指数的分析发现,分株数具有较高的可塑性指数。上述实验结果表明,蛇莓可以较好地适应机械刺激干扰的生境,其分株数可以作为其响应程度的较好的指示指标。
Mechanical stimuli(MS) are ubiquitous, nevertheless, only few studies have been conducted on the effects of MS with stoloniferous plants. Aiming to solve this question, stoloniferous plants of Duchesnea indica were subjected to four levels of MS treatments as control(CK; no-MS), MS on apical part of the clonal fragments(AMS), MS on half part of the clonal fragments(HMS) and MS on the whole clonal fragments(WMS) in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that compared to the control,MS induced more ramets, more stolons, shorter and thinner petiole, and more biomass allocation to roots in the examined plants.There were no major differences in the traits of MS-stimulated plants with variable positions of the mechanical loading along the stolons. Furthermore, the phenotypic plasticity values of the traits in response to MS differed significantly from each other, and the number of ramets had the highest plasticity among the traits. The results suggested that the stoloniferous plant D. indica can adapt to mechanically disturbed environments, and the number of the ramets can be a good indicator of the responses.
Mechanical stimuli(MS) are ubiquitous, nevertheless, only few studies have been conducted on the effects of MS with stoloniferous plants. Aiming to solve this question, stoloniferous plants of Duchesnea indica were subjected to four levels of MS treatments as control(CK; no-MS), MS on apical part of the clonal fragments(AMS), MS on half part of the clonal fragments(HMS) and MS on the whole clonal fragments(WMS) in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that compared to the control,MS induced more ramets, more stolons, shorter and thinner petiole, and more biomass allocation to roots in the examined plants.There were no major differences in the traits of MS-stimulated plants with variable positions of the mechanical loading along the stolons. Furthermore, the phenotypic plasticity values of the traits in response to MS differed significantly from each other, and the number of ramets had the highest plasticity among the traits. The results suggested that the stoloniferous plant D. indica can adapt to mechanically disturbed environments, and the number of the ramets can be a good indicator of the responses.
引文
[1]ANTEN N P R,CASADO-GARCIA R,NAGASHIMA H.Effects of mechanical stress and plant density on mechanical characteristics,growth,and lifetime reproduction of tobacco plants[J].American Naturalist,2005,166:650-660.
[2]ANTEN N P,ALCALA-HERRERA R,SCHIEVING F,et al.Wind and mechanical stimuli differentially affect leaf traits in Plantago major[J].New Phytologist,2010,188:554-564.
[3]PAUL-VICTOR C,ROWE N.Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics,primary growth and secondary tissue development of inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107:209-218.
[4]MITCHELL C A.Recent advances in plant response to mechanical stress:theory and application[J].HortScience,1996,31:31-35.
[5]ENNOS A R.Wind as an ecological factor[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1997,12:108-111.
[6]TELEWSKI F W.A unified hypothesis of mechanoperception in plants[J].American Journal of Botany,2006,93:1466-1476.
[7]LIU Y,SCHIEVING F,STUEFER J F,et al.The effects of mechanical stress and spectral shading on the growth and allocation of ten genotypes of a stoloniferous plant[J].Annals of Botany,2007,99:121-130
[8]CHEHAB E W,EICH E,BRAAM J.Thigmomorphogenesis:a complex plant response to mechano-stimulation[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2009,60:43-56.
[9]JAFFE M J.Thigmomorphogenesis:the response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation with special reference to Bryonia dioica[J].Planta,1973,114:143-157.
[10]LATIMER J G,PAPPAS T,MITCHELL C A.Growth responses of eggplant and soybean seedlings to mechanical stress in greenhouse and outdoor environments[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1986,111:694-698.
[11]COUTAND C,JULIEN J L,MOULIA B,et al.Biomechanical study of the effect of a controlled bending on tomato stem elongation:global mechanical analysis[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2000,51:1813-1824.
[12]BRAAM J.In touch:plant responses to mechanical stimuli[J].New Phytologist,2005,165:373-389.
[13]WANG Y H,YU F H,DONG M,et al.Growth and biomass allocation of Lolium perenne seedlings in response to mechanical stimulation and water availability[J].Annales Botanici Fennici,2010,47:367-372.
[14]SUI Y,HE W M,PAN X,et al.Partial mechanical stimulation facilitates the growth of the rhizomatous plant Leymus secalinus:modulation by clonal integration[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107:693-697.
[15]NIKLAS K J.Effects of vibration on mechanical properties and biomass allocation pattern of Capsella bursa-pastoris(Cruciferae)[J].Annals of Botany,1998,82:147-156.
[16]HUBER H,STUEFER J F.Shade-induced changes in the branching pattern of a stoloniferous herb:functional response or allometric effect?[J]Oecologia,1997,110:478-486.
[17]HEUCHERT J C,MITCHELL C A.Inhibition of shoot growth in greenhouse-grown tomato by periodic gyratory shaking[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1983,108:795-800.
[18]YU F H,CHEN Y F,DONG M.Clonal integration enhances survival and performance of Potentilla anserina,suffering from partial sand burial on Ordos plateau,China[J].Evolutionary Ecology,2002,15:303-318.
[19]MARSHALL C.Source-sink relations of interconnected ramets[M].van Groenendael J,de Kroon H.Clonal growth in plant:Regulation and function.The Hague:SPBAcademic Publishing,1990:23-41.
[20]HARTNETT D C,BAZZAZ F A.Physiological integration among intraclonal ramets in Solidago canadensis[J].Ecology,1983,64:779-788.
[21]SLADE A J,HUTCHINGS M J.Clonal integration and plasticity in foraging behaviour in Glechoma hederacea[J].Journal of Ecology,1987,75:1023-1036.
[22]HUTCHINGS M J,PRICE E A C.Does physiological integration enable clonal herbs to integrate the effects of environmental heterogeneity[J].Plant Species Biology,1993,8:95-105.
[23]GOODMAN A M,ENNOS A R.A comparative study of the response of the roots and shoots of sunflower and maize to mechanical stimulation[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1996,47:1499-1507.
[24]WANG Y H,DONG M,YU F H,et al.Mechanical shaking and soil water affect the growth of Psammochloa villosa in the Mu Us Sandland[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2011,75:974-977.
[25]中国科学院植物研究所.中国高等植物图鉴(第2卷)[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1994
[26]DOUST L L,DOUST J L.The battle strategies of plants[J].New Scientist,1982 95:81-84.
[27]DONG M.Morphological plasticity of the clonal herb Lamiastrum galeodolon(L.)Ehrend.&Polatschek in response to partial shading[J].New Phytologist,1993,124:291-300.
[28]YU F H,DONG M.Effect of light intensity and nutrient availability on clonal growth and clonal morphology of the stoloniferous herb Halerpestes ruthenica[J].Acta Botanica Sinica,2003,45:408-416.
[29]SCHREIBER U,BILGER W,HORMANN H,et al.Chlorophyll fluorescence as a diagnostic tool:basics and some aspects of practical relevance[M].Raghavendra A S.Photosynthesis:a comprehensive treatise.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:320-336.
[30]BJ?RKMAN O,DEMMIG B.Photon yield of O2evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77K among vascular plants of diverse origins[J].Planta,1987,170:489-504.
[31]ROILOA S R,RETUERTO R.Small-scale heterogeneity in soil quality influences photosynthetic efficiency and habitat selection in a clonal plant[J].Annals of Botany,2006,98:1043-1052.
[32]VALLADARES F,SANCHEZ-GOMEZ D,ZAVALA M A.Quantitative estimation of phenotypic plasticity:bridging the gap between the evolutionary concept and its ecological applications[J].Journal of Ecology,2006,94:1103-1116.
[33]WENNSTR?M A,ERICSON L.Environmental heterogeneity and disease transmission within clones of Lactuca sibirica[J].Journal of Ecology,1992,80:71-77.
[34]NIKLAS K J.Plant biomechanics:an engineering approach to plant form and function[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1992.
[35]BIDDINGTON N L,DEARMAN A S.The effect of mechanically induced stress on the growth of cauliflower,lettuce and celery seedlings[J].Annals of Botany,1985,55:109-119.
[36]TELEWSKI F W.Growth,wood density and ethylene production in response to mechanical perturbation in Pinus taeda[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,1990,20:1277-1282.
[37]JAFFE M J,FORBES S.Thigmomorphogenesis-the effect of mechanical perturbation on plants[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1993,12:313-324.
[38]NIKLAS K J.Differences between Acer saccharum leaves from open and wind-protect sites[J].Annals of Botany,1996,78:61-66.
[39]NIKLAS K J.Variations of the mechanical properties of Acer saccharum roots[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1999,50:193-200.
[40]GARTNER B L.Root biomechanics and whole-plant allocation patterns-responses of tomato plants to stem flexure[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1994,45:1647-1654.
[41]ANTEN N P R,CASADO-GARCIA R,PIERIK R,et al.Ethylene sensitivity affects changes in growth patterns,but not stem properties,in response to mechanical stress in tobacco[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2006,128:274-282.
[42]VAN BEL A J E.,FURCH A C U,WILL T,et al.Spread the news:systemic dissemination and local impact of Ca2+signals along the phloem pathway[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2014,65:1761-1787.
[2]ANTEN N P,ALCALA-HERRERA R,SCHIEVING F,et al.Wind and mechanical stimuli differentially affect leaf traits in Plantago major[J].New Phytologist,2010,188:554-564.
[3]PAUL-VICTOR C,ROWE N.Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics,primary growth and secondary tissue development of inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107:209-218.
[4]MITCHELL C A.Recent advances in plant response to mechanical stress:theory and application[J].HortScience,1996,31:31-35.
[5]ENNOS A R.Wind as an ecological factor[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1997,12:108-111.
[6]TELEWSKI F W.A unified hypothesis of mechanoperception in plants[J].American Journal of Botany,2006,93:1466-1476.
[7]LIU Y,SCHIEVING F,STUEFER J F,et al.The effects of mechanical stress and spectral shading on the growth and allocation of ten genotypes of a stoloniferous plant[J].Annals of Botany,2007,99:121-130
[8]CHEHAB E W,EICH E,BRAAM J.Thigmomorphogenesis:a complex plant response to mechano-stimulation[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2009,60:43-56.
[9]JAFFE M J.Thigmomorphogenesis:the response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation with special reference to Bryonia dioica[J].Planta,1973,114:143-157.
[10]LATIMER J G,PAPPAS T,MITCHELL C A.Growth responses of eggplant and soybean seedlings to mechanical stress in greenhouse and outdoor environments[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1986,111:694-698.
[11]COUTAND C,JULIEN J L,MOULIA B,et al.Biomechanical study of the effect of a controlled bending on tomato stem elongation:global mechanical analysis[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2000,51:1813-1824.
[12]BRAAM J.In touch:plant responses to mechanical stimuli[J].New Phytologist,2005,165:373-389.
[13]WANG Y H,YU F H,DONG M,et al.Growth and biomass allocation of Lolium perenne seedlings in response to mechanical stimulation and water availability[J].Annales Botanici Fennici,2010,47:367-372.
[14]SUI Y,HE W M,PAN X,et al.Partial mechanical stimulation facilitates the growth of the rhizomatous plant Leymus secalinus:modulation by clonal integration[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107:693-697.
[15]NIKLAS K J.Effects of vibration on mechanical properties and biomass allocation pattern of Capsella bursa-pastoris(Cruciferae)[J].Annals of Botany,1998,82:147-156.
[16]HUBER H,STUEFER J F.Shade-induced changes in the branching pattern of a stoloniferous herb:functional response or allometric effect?[J]Oecologia,1997,110:478-486.
[17]HEUCHERT J C,MITCHELL C A.Inhibition of shoot growth in greenhouse-grown tomato by periodic gyratory shaking[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1983,108:795-800.
[18]YU F H,CHEN Y F,DONG M.Clonal integration enhances survival and performance of Potentilla anserina,suffering from partial sand burial on Ordos plateau,China[J].Evolutionary Ecology,2002,15:303-318.
[19]MARSHALL C.Source-sink relations of interconnected ramets[M].van Groenendael J,de Kroon H.Clonal growth in plant:Regulation and function.The Hague:SPBAcademic Publishing,1990:23-41.
[20]HARTNETT D C,BAZZAZ F A.Physiological integration among intraclonal ramets in Solidago canadensis[J].Ecology,1983,64:779-788.
[21]SLADE A J,HUTCHINGS M J.Clonal integration and plasticity in foraging behaviour in Glechoma hederacea[J].Journal of Ecology,1987,75:1023-1036.
[22]HUTCHINGS M J,PRICE E A C.Does physiological integration enable clonal herbs to integrate the effects of environmental heterogeneity[J].Plant Species Biology,1993,8:95-105.
[23]GOODMAN A M,ENNOS A R.A comparative study of the response of the roots and shoots of sunflower and maize to mechanical stimulation[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1996,47:1499-1507.
[24]WANG Y H,DONG M,YU F H,et al.Mechanical shaking and soil water affect the growth of Psammochloa villosa in the Mu Us Sandland[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2011,75:974-977.
[25]中国科学院植物研究所.中国高等植物图鉴(第2卷)[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1994
[26]DOUST L L,DOUST J L.The battle strategies of plants[J].New Scientist,1982 95:81-84.
[27]DONG M.Morphological plasticity of the clonal herb Lamiastrum galeodolon(L.)Ehrend.&Polatschek in response to partial shading[J].New Phytologist,1993,124:291-300.
[28]YU F H,DONG M.Effect of light intensity and nutrient availability on clonal growth and clonal morphology of the stoloniferous herb Halerpestes ruthenica[J].Acta Botanica Sinica,2003,45:408-416.
[29]SCHREIBER U,BILGER W,HORMANN H,et al.Chlorophyll fluorescence as a diagnostic tool:basics and some aspects of practical relevance[M].Raghavendra A S.Photosynthesis:a comprehensive treatise.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:320-336.
[30]BJ?RKMAN O,DEMMIG B.Photon yield of O2evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77K among vascular plants of diverse origins[J].Planta,1987,170:489-504.
[31]ROILOA S R,RETUERTO R.Small-scale heterogeneity in soil quality influences photosynthetic efficiency and habitat selection in a clonal plant[J].Annals of Botany,2006,98:1043-1052.
[32]VALLADARES F,SANCHEZ-GOMEZ D,ZAVALA M A.Quantitative estimation of phenotypic plasticity:bridging the gap between the evolutionary concept and its ecological applications[J].Journal of Ecology,2006,94:1103-1116.
[33]WENNSTR?M A,ERICSON L.Environmental heterogeneity and disease transmission within clones of Lactuca sibirica[J].Journal of Ecology,1992,80:71-77.
[34]NIKLAS K J.Plant biomechanics:an engineering approach to plant form and function[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1992.
[35]BIDDINGTON N L,DEARMAN A S.The effect of mechanically induced stress on the growth of cauliflower,lettuce and celery seedlings[J].Annals of Botany,1985,55:109-119.
[36]TELEWSKI F W.Growth,wood density and ethylene production in response to mechanical perturbation in Pinus taeda[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,1990,20:1277-1282.
[37]JAFFE M J,FORBES S.Thigmomorphogenesis-the effect of mechanical perturbation on plants[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1993,12:313-324.
[38]NIKLAS K J.Differences between Acer saccharum leaves from open and wind-protect sites[J].Annals of Botany,1996,78:61-66.
[39]NIKLAS K J.Variations of the mechanical properties of Acer saccharum roots[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1999,50:193-200.
[40]GARTNER B L.Root biomechanics and whole-plant allocation patterns-responses of tomato plants to stem flexure[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1994,45:1647-1654.
[41]ANTEN N P R,CASADO-GARCIA R,PIERIK R,et al.Ethylene sensitivity affects changes in growth patterns,but not stem properties,in response to mechanical stress in tobacco[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2006,128:274-282.
[42]VAN BEL A J E.,FURCH A C U,WILL T,et al.Spread the news:systemic dissemination and local impact of Ca2+signals along the phloem pathway[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2014,65:1761-1787.