新疆若羌阿其克库勒碧玉的宝石学特征研究
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摘要
通过常规宝石学测试、偏反光显微镜鉴定及电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射测试分析,对产于若羌县阿其克库勒的碧玉进行详细研究,总结其产地特征及成因。结果表明碧玉主要矿物成分为透闪石并含少量钙铬榴石、铬铁矿。透闪石在偏光显微镜下呈鳞片状、片状、纤维状,其中片状具轻微卷曲变形现象,偶见少量辉石为原岩蚀变残留矿物。钙铬榴石为翠绿色,呈针点状、斑点状、团块状、丝绺状不均匀分布,铬铁矿呈黑色,以点状、不规则粒状杂乱分布。铬铁矿由铬镁尖晶石蚀变形成,蚀变程度不一,可见铬铁矿沿铬镁尖晶石边缘分布。碧玉的绿色源于Fe2+和Cr3+综合作用形成,结合铬铁矿与碧玉成因及产状特征,推断该种碧玉为超基性岩蚀变形成,与新疆和田碧玉、玛纳斯碧玉、俄罗斯碧玉、新西兰碧玉、加拿大碧玉等属于同一成因类型。
The jasper produced in ruoqiang county is the first reported,Through conventional gemology test,partial reflection microscopy,electron probe and X-ray powder diffraction analysis,the jasper from ruoqiang aqikekule was researched in detail and Summarized its origin characteristics and causes.The results show that the main mineral composition of jasper is tremolite with a small amount of uvarovite and chromite.The amphibole was scaly,flaky and fibrous under polarizing microscope,with slight crimp deformation,Occasionally a small amount of pyroxene is residual mineral of original rock alteration.The uvarovite is emerald green with uneven distribution of needlelike,speckled,lumpy and wiregrain,Chromite is black and distributed in point and irregular granular disorder.Chromite formed by the alteration of Chrome-magnesium spinel with varying degrees of alteration.,It can be seen that chromite is distributed along the edge of Chrome-magnesium spinel.The green color of jasper originated from the synthesis of Fe2+and Cr3+,and based on the genesis and occurrence characteristics of chromite and jasper, it is inferred that this kind of jasper is formed by superbasic rock alteration.It belongs to the same genetic type as hetian jasper,manas jasper,Russia jasper,New Zealand jasper and Canada jasper.
The jasper produced in ruoqiang county is the first reported,Through conventional gemology test,partial reflection microscopy,electron probe and X-ray powder diffraction analysis,the jasper from ruoqiang aqikekule was researched in detail and Summarized its origin characteristics and causes.The results show that the main mineral composition of jasper is tremolite with a small amount of uvarovite and chromite.The amphibole was scaly,flaky and fibrous under polarizing microscope,with slight crimp deformation,Occasionally a small amount of pyroxene is residual mineral of original rock alteration.The uvarovite is emerald green with uneven distribution of needlelike,speckled,lumpy and wiregrain,Chromite is black and distributed in point and irregular granular disorder.Chromite formed by the alteration of Chrome-magnesium spinel with varying degrees of alteration.,It can be seen that chromite is distributed along the edge of Chrome-magnesium spinel.The green color of jasper originated from the synthesis of Fe2+and Cr3+,and based on the genesis and occurrence characteristics of chromite and jasper, it is inferred that this kind of jasper is formed by superbasic rock alteration.It belongs to the same genetic type as hetian jasper,manas jasper,Russia jasper,New Zealand jasper and Canada jasper.
引文
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[10]王时麒,员雪梅.和田碧玉的物质组成特征及其地质成因[J].宝石和宝石学杂志，2008,10(3):4-7.
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[12]赵洋洋.新西兰碧玉的宝石矿物学特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)，2013.
[2]赵洋洋,吴瑞华,吴青蔓.俄罗斯奥斯泊矿区(11~#矿)碧玉的宝石矿物学研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志, 2014,33:37-42.
[3]史淼,郭颖.新疆和田碧玉的化学成分研究[C].中国矿物岩石地球化学学会第13届学术年会,2011.
[4]刘东岳.台湾花莲碧玉宝石矿物学特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)，2013.
[5]吴青蔓.加拿大北极矿碧玉的宝石矿物学研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)，2015.
[6]冯晓燕,沈美冬,张勇.软玉中的一种绿色斑点-钙铝榴石[J].岩矿测试，2013,32(4):08-612.
[7]王濮,潘兆橹,翁玲宝.系统矿物学[M].北京:地质出版社，1982，(中册):46.
[8]冯晓燕,沈美冬,陆太进.蓝色软玉的物质组成及光谱特征[C].中国珠宝首饰学术交流会论文集，2013.
[9]龙楚,李新玲,徐志.俄罗斯碧玉的物质组成及颜色成因研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2011,30:78-82.
[10]王时麒,员雪梅.和田碧玉的物质组成特征及其地质成因[J].宝石和宝石学杂志，2008,10(3):4-7.
[11]田帅.新疆玛纳斯碧玉宝石学特征及矿物标型研究[D].石家庄：河北地质大学，2014.
[12]赵洋洋.新西兰碧玉的宝石矿物学特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)，2013.