地震波频率衰减梯度在油气预测中的应用
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摘要
研究表明,与致密的地质体相比,当地质体中含流体(如水、油或气)时,会引起地震波的散射和地震能量的衰减,断层、裂缝等的存在也会引起地震波的散射和地震能量的衰减。地震波在聚集了石油、天然气的储层中传播时,对高频成分的吸收能力更强,因此可以利用地震波的衰减属性预测油气富集区。介绍了地震波的衰减原理以及衰减属性的计算方法,利用能量吸收分析方法,通过储层频谱成像与解释软件连续计算,分析地震波频率信息的衰减梯度,在实际资料的应用中,取得了较好的效果,利用衰减梯度可以有效地预测和验证含油气区。
Studies have shown that,compared to compact geological body,scattering and energy loss of seismic waves arise when geological bodies contain fluids such as water,oil,and gas,or when faults and fractures are present.High frequency contents of seismic waves are Absorbed mostly by reservoirs when the waves spread in reservoirs containing oil or gas.This paper introduced the principles of attenuation of seismic waves,as well as the method of calculating attenuation properties.Practices show that attenuation gradient is an effective indicator of hydrocarbon enrichment.
Studies have shown that,compared to compact geological body,scattering and energy loss of seismic waves arise when geological bodies contain fluids such as water,oil,and gas,or when faults and fractures are present.High frequency contents of seismic waves are Absorbed mostly by reservoirs when the waves spread in reservoirs containing oil or gas.This paper introduced the principles of attenuation of seismic waves,as well as the method of calculating attenuation properties.Practices show that attenuation gradient is an effective indicator of hydrocarbon enrichment.
引文
1黄中玉,王于静,苏永昌.一种新的地震波衰减分析方法——预测油气异常的有效工具[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(6):768～773
2Varcla C L.频散与衰减模拟[J].石油物探译丛,1994(3):29～36
3吴如山,安艺敬一.地震波的散射与衰减[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.7～30
4何又雄,钟庆良.地震波衰减属性在油气预测中的应用[J].江汉石油科技,2007,17(3):9～11
5Dilay A,Eastwood J.Spectral analysis applied to seis-mic monitoring of thermal recovery[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(11):1117～1122
6Mitchell J T,Derzhi N,Lichma E.Energy absorption analysis:A case study[J].Expanded Abstracts of the66thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting,1996,1785～1788
7张固澜.地震波吸收特性及应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008
8毕研斌,龙胜祥,郭彤楼,等.应用频率衰减属性预测TNB地区储层含气性[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):117～120
2Varcla C L.频散与衰减模拟[J].石油物探译丛,1994(3):29～36
3吴如山,安艺敬一.地震波的散射与衰减[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.7～30
4何又雄,钟庆良.地震波衰减属性在油气预测中的应用[J].江汉石油科技,2007,17(3):9～11
5Dilay A,Eastwood J.Spectral analysis applied to seis-mic monitoring of thermal recovery[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(11):1117～1122
6Mitchell J T,Derzhi N,Lichma E.Energy absorption analysis:A case study[J].Expanded Abstracts of the66thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting,1996,1785～1788
7张固澜.地震波吸收特性及应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008
8毕研斌,龙胜祥,郭彤楼,等.应用频率衰减属性预测TNB地区储层含气性[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):117～120