黄土塬二维直测线地震勘探方法及效果
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摘要
陕北黄土塬地震勘探是公认的世界级难题。以前的测线部署是沿沟弯线平面展布呈树枝状 ,不形成闭合回路 ,使得资料解释困难 ,也难以对二维地震资料在平面上进行储层反演 ,因而制约了油气勘探的发展。 2 0 0 1年 ,在采集上应用灵活的可变线元观测系统实现直测线过塬 ,使测线形成闭合回路 ;处理中采用基于模型反演的折射波静校正技术 ,利用多种质量控制手段验证表层模型 ,以此弥补低降速带资料的不足 ,较好地解决了复杂地表静校正问题。由于测线的连片成网 ,通过伪测井的方法对无井测线进行控制 ,最终实现了储层反演的连片解释
Seismic exploration in area of loess tableland is a difficult problem in the world. In the past, the seismic lines were lain in the valleys and could not be tied each other in plane, making the resulting data hard to interpret and reservoir inversion unable to be carried out. A close loop was achieved by using flexible linear bin layout in which lines passed through the hill straightly in acquisition. In data processing, proper static correction values were determined by refraction static correction that was based on model inversion. Near surface model was verified by different tools of quality control to make up for the lack of information about LVL. Thus problems related to static correction in areas of complex near surface was solved comfortably. With the control of pseudolog on lines not crossing wells, seismic data interpretation in plane was achieved.
Seismic exploration in area of loess tableland is a difficult problem in the world. In the past, the seismic lines were lain in the valleys and could not be tied each other in plane, making the resulting data hard to interpret and reservoir inversion unable to be carried out. A close loop was achieved by using flexible linear bin layout in which lines passed through the hill straightly in acquisition. In data processing, proper static correction values were determined by refraction static correction that was based on model inversion. Near surface model was verified by different tools of quality control to make up for the lack of information about LVL. Thus problems related to static correction in areas of complex near surface was solved comfortably. With the control of pseudolog on lines not crossing wells, seismic data interpretation in plane was achieved.
引文
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6 DochertyP .Solvingforthethicknessandvelocityoftheweath eringlayerusing2Drefractiontomography[J].Geophysics,1992,57(10):307～318
2 谢里夫RE ,吉尔达特LR .勘探地震学[M].初英等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.12
3 商建瓴,潘文峰,李套山.常规与面元细分三维观测系统浅析[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(5):709～717
4 罗仁泽,吴希光,龙资强.四川罗渡溪山地高分辨率地震勘探方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(3):351～361
5 周兵,朱介寿.折射层析技术中的算法探讨[J].石油物探,1992,31(2):16～22
6 DochertyP .Solvingforthethicknessandvelocityoftheweath eringlayerusing2Drefractiontomography[J].Geophysics,1992,57(10):307～318