基于地球生态负债的区域生态承载力研究——以安徽省为例
摘要
应用环境支持系统指数、地球生命力指数(LPI)和人类发展指数(HDI)对地球的生态赤字背景下区域生态足迹、生物承载力与发展力进行比较与关联分析.结果表明:生态负债背景下,我国中部省份之一的安徽省虽然1995-2005年区域发展力呈上升趋势,变动趋势从99.8上升到111.2,但持续发展力在16～19位徘徊;生存支持系统变动趋势上升为2005年的103.9;环境支持系统变动趋势上升为2005年的111.8;资源转化效率呈不稳定变动态势.区域抗逆水平指数趋势在100～105.5之间变动;土地资源指数生物转化效率指数呈现下降趋势,排放强度指数趋势在100.0左右徘徊;环境管理指数趋势在100～121.2之间变动。年生物转化效率指数下降为2005的94.4;农药和化肥使用强度呈现动态下降,但万元GDP使用量均高于我国中部、西部、东北老工业基地和东部地区的平均水平,这对长江、巢湖和芜湖等我国重要湿地的生态承载力改善构成极大威胁.安徽生态承载力的提高和环境支持系统的改善仍面临严峻挑战.该结果可以为其他区域生物承载力改善和维护生态系统平衡提供案例借鉴.
Application Environment Support System Index and Living Planet Index(LPI) and the Human Development Index(HDI) of the Earth's ecological deficit in the context of regional ecological footprint,bio-capacity and development undertake the comparison and correlation analysis.The results showed that: In the context of the global ecological balance,China's central province of Anhui,one of the power of regional development,although the 1995-2005 upward trend,changing trend rose to 111.2 from 99.8,but the power of the sustainable development of hovering in the 16-19 position;survival support system changed in the rising trend for 2005 103.9;environmental support system,the rising trend of changed for 111.8 in 2005;resources,changes in conversion efficiency was unstable situation.Exponential trend of regional resilience levels varied between 100 to 105.5;land resources index biotransformation efficiency index showed a downward trend,the trend of emission intensity index hovering around 100.0;environmental management exponential trend between the change in the 100～121.2.Years of biological conversion efficiency index fell to 94.4 for 2005;pesticides,fertilizer use decreased intensity dynamic rendering,but the million was higher than China's GDP utilization central,western,north-eastern part of the old industrial bases and the average level,which was the Yangtze River,Chaohu and Wuhu such as our country's important wetlands,the threat posed to improve the ecological carrying capacity.Anhui ecological carrying capacity enhancement and improvement of environmental support systems were still facing severe challenges.The results for other regions of the bio-capacity to improve and maintain the equilibrium of ecosystems to provided case studying reference.
Application Environment Support System Index and Living Planet Index(LPI) and the Human Development Index(HDI) of the Earth's ecological deficit in the context of regional ecological footprint,bio-capacity and development undertake the comparison and correlation analysis.The results showed that: In the context of the global ecological balance,China's central province of Anhui,one of the power of regional development,although the 1995-2005 upward trend,changing trend rose to 111.2 from 99.8,but the power of the sustainable development of hovering in the 16-19 position;survival support system changed in the rising trend for 2005 103.9;environmental support system,the rising trend of changed for 111.8 in 2005;resources,changes in conversion efficiency was unstable situation.Exponential trend of regional resilience levels varied between 100 to 105.5;land resources index biotransformation efficiency index showed a downward trend,the trend of emission intensity index hovering around 100.0;environmental management exponential trend between the change in the 100～121.2.Years of biological conversion efficiency index fell to 94.4 for 2005;pesticides,fertilizer use decreased intensity dynamic rendering,but the million was higher than China's GDP utilization central,western,north-eastern part of the old industrial bases and the average level,which was the Yangtze River,Chaohu and Wuhu such as our country's important wetlands,the threat posed to improve the ecological carrying capacity.Anhui ecological carrying capacity enhancement and improvement of environmental support systems were still facing severe challenges.The results for other regions of the bio-capacity to improve and maintain the equilibrium of ecosystems to provided case studying reference.
引文
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[14]贾良清,张之源,欧阳志云.安徽省农业生态环境分析及可持续发展对策[J].安徽农业科学,2004,32(5):1037-1040.
[15]罗朝晖,陈丹,卞海文.安徽省相对资源承载力动态研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):68-70.
[16]徐中民,张志强,程国栋,等.中国1999年生态足迹计算与发展能力分析[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(2):280-285.
[17]王俭,李法云,庞香蕊.辽宁省相对资源承载力分析[J].辽宁大学学报:自然科学版,2005,32(2):175-178.
[18]St glehner G.Ecological footprint-a tool for assessing sustainable energy supplies[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,2003,11(3):267-277.
[19]Parris TM,Kates R W.Characterizing a sustainability transition:goals,targets,trends,and driving force[J].Annual ReviewofEnvironment and Resources,2003,28(13):1-13,28.
[20]智颖飙,韩雪,王中生,等.安徽资源环境绩效评估研究[J],安徽大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(5):87-90.
[21]徐中民,程国栋,邱国玉.可持续性评价的Im PACTS等式[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):982-988.
[22]智颖飙,王再岚,马中,等.宁夏资源环境绩效及其变动态势[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6490-6498.
[23]彭建,吴健生,蒋依依,等.生态足迹分析应用于区域可持续发展生态评估的缺陷[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2716-2722.
[2]王勤花,张志强.地球的生态负债与人类的可持续发展挑战——WWF《生命行星报告2006》分析[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):2424-2429.
[3]陈成忠,林振山,贾敦新.基于生态足迹指数的全球生态可持续性时空分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2007,23(6):68-72.
[4]国家环保总局.中国环境保护行业标注HJ/T192-2006,生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006:1-6.
[5]中国科学院可持续发展战略研究组.2008中国可持续发展战略报告——政策回顾与展望[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:381-352.
[6]吴开亚,林保国,宋润朋,等.1990-2004年安徽省生态足迹动态分析[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,30(9):1134-1138.
[7]许丛,操勤,袁媛.基于主成分分析法的安徽省生态环境质量研究[J].资源开发与市场,2008,24(2):118-119.
[8]刘定惠,朱超洪.安徽省耕地时空变化及驱动力研究[J].资源开发与市场,2008,24(4):312-316.
[9]何祥亮,周晓铁,孙世群,等.安徽省可持续发展现状及趋势分析[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(9):3910-3911,3913.
[10]温倩,方凤满.安徽省人居环境空间差异分析[J].云南地理环境研究,2007(2):124-232.
[11]程翠云,杨文斌,阎伍玖.基于生态足迹模型的安徽省可持续发展评估[J].环境与可持续发展,2006,25(1):18-22.
[12]陈成忠,林振山.中国人均生态足迹与生物承载力变化的EMD分析及情景预测[J].生态学报,2007,27(12):5291-5299.
[13]国家统计局,2008安徽统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2009:201-260.
[14]贾良清,张之源,欧阳志云.安徽省农业生态环境分析及可持续发展对策[J].安徽农业科学,2004,32(5):1037-1040.
[15]罗朝晖,陈丹,卞海文.安徽省相对资源承载力动态研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):68-70.
[16]徐中民,张志强,程国栋,等.中国1999年生态足迹计算与发展能力分析[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(2):280-285.
[17]王俭,李法云,庞香蕊.辽宁省相对资源承载力分析[J].辽宁大学学报:自然科学版,2005,32(2):175-178.
[18]St glehner G.Ecological footprint-a tool for assessing sustainable energy supplies[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,2003,11(3):267-277.
[19]Parris TM,Kates R W.Characterizing a sustainability transition:goals,targets,trends,and driving force[J].Annual ReviewofEnvironment and Resources,2003,28(13):1-13,28.
[20]智颖飙,韩雪,王中生,等.安徽资源环境绩效评估研究[J],安徽大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(5):87-90.
[21]徐中民,程国栋,邱国玉.可持续性评价的Im PACTS等式[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):982-988.
[22]智颖飙,王再岚,马中,等.宁夏资源环境绩效及其变动态势[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6490-6498.
[23]彭建,吴健生,蒋依依,等.生态足迹分析应用于区域可持续发展生态评估的缺陷[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2716-2722.
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