有机肥对库尔勒香梨园土壤养分与综合肥力指数的影响
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摘要
为掌握有机肥在库尔勒香梨生产中的应用效果,采用化肥配施不同有机肥(黑炭和羊粪)的田间调控试验,研究不同有机肥对库尔勒香梨园土壤养分与综合肥力指数的影响。结果表明:与不施有机肥的CK处理相比,施用有机肥能有效改变果园土壤颗粒组成,改善土壤物理性质,提高土壤有机质及速效养分含量,显著促进果园土壤综合肥力提高。施用黑炭、羊粪27 000 kg/hm2的处理效果较为显著,其中施用黑炭27 000 kg/hm2对提高土壤有机质含量和改善土壤物理性质效果较好,施用羊粪27 000 kg/hm2对提高土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量以及土壤综合肥力指数效果较好。
In order to master the application effect of organic fertilizer in production of Korla fragrant pear,the regulatory trials of different organic fertilizers( black carbon and sheep excrement) with applying chemical fertilizers in field were conduct,and the effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on soil nutrients and integrated fertility index of Korla fragrant pear orchard were studied. The results showed that:Compared with the non-organic fertilizer treatment CK,applying organic fertilizer could change the composition of the soil particles in Korla fragrant pear orchard effectively,improve soil physical properties,increase contents of soil organic matter and available nutrients and promote the integrated fertility index of soil in orchard. The effects of treatments with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 black carbon and sheep excrement were more remarkable,the effect of treatment with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 black carbon was more significant to increase contents of soil organic matter and improve soil physical properties,and the effect of treatment with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 sheep excrement was more significant to increase contents of soil alkaline hydrolysis N,available phosphorus,available potassium and integrated fertility index of soil.
In order to master the application effect of organic fertilizer in production of Korla fragrant pear,the regulatory trials of different organic fertilizers( black carbon and sheep excrement) with applying chemical fertilizers in field were conduct,and the effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on soil nutrients and integrated fertility index of Korla fragrant pear orchard were studied. The results showed that:Compared with the non-organic fertilizer treatment CK,applying organic fertilizer could change the composition of the soil particles in Korla fragrant pear orchard effectively,improve soil physical properties,increase contents of soil organic matter and available nutrients and promote the integrated fertility index of soil in orchard. The effects of treatments with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 black carbon and sheep excrement were more remarkable,the effect of treatment with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 black carbon was more significant to increase contents of soil organic matter and improve soil physical properties,and the effect of treatment with applying 27 000 kg / hm2 sheep excrement was more significant to increase contents of soil alkaline hydrolysis N,available phosphorus,available potassium and integrated fertility index of soil.
引文
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[13]谢凯,宋晓晖,董彩霞,等.不同有机肥处理对黄冠梨生长及果园土壤性状的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):214-222.
[14]柴仲平,王雪梅,陈波浪,等.氮、磷、钾施肥配比对香梨果实品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2013,31(3):154-157.
[15]李萍,柴仲平,武红旗,等.基于光谱的库尔勒香梨叶片氮素含量估算模型[J].经济林研究,2013,31(3):48-53.
[16]柴仲平,王雪梅,陈波浪,等.氮、磷、钾施肥配比对香梨长势和产量的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(7):41-46.
[17]柴仲平,陈波浪,蒋平安,等.库尔勒香梨施肥效应参数研究[J].果树学报,2014,31(3):423-429.
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[2]杨玉爱,叶正钱,陈峰,等.有机肥延缓日本黄瓜旱衰作用的影响[J].土壤学报,1992,29(4):447-450.
[3]袁可能.土壤有机矿质复合体研究[J].土壤学报,1981,6(4):18.
[4]汪寅虎.长期定位条件下秸秆还田的综合效应研究[J].土壤通报,1994,25(7):53-56.
[5]魏朝富,陈世正,谢德体.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土有机无机复合性状的影响[J].土壤学报,1995,32(2):159-66.
[6]窦森,陈恩凤,须湘成.施用有机肥料对土壤胡敏酸结构特征的影响——胡敏酸的光学性质[J].土壤学报,1995,32(l):45-48.
[7]张良英,王永熙,王小伟,等.草炭对桃园土壤理化性状及桃树生物效应的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(3):145-149.
[8]安婷婷,汪景宽,李双异,等.施用有机肥对黑土团聚体有机碳的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):369-373.
[9]林治安,赵秉强,袁亮,等.长期定位施肥对土壤养分与作物产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(8):2809-2819.
[10]Hargreaves J,Adl M S,Warman P R,et al.The effects of organic amendments on mineral element uptake and fruit quality of raspberries[J].Plant Soil,2008,308:213-226.
[11]Polat E,Demir H,Erler F.Yield and quality criteria in organically and conventionally grown tomatoes in Turkey[J].Sci.Agricol.,2010,67:424-429.
[12]朱菜红,董彩霞,沈其荣,等.配施有机肥提高化肥氮利用效率的微生物作用机制研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(2):282-288.
[13]谢凯,宋晓晖,董彩霞,等.不同有机肥处理对黄冠梨生长及果园土壤性状的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):214-222.
[14]柴仲平,王雪梅,陈波浪,等.氮、磷、钾施肥配比对香梨果实品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2013,31(3):154-157.
[15]李萍,柴仲平,武红旗,等.基于光谱的库尔勒香梨叶片氮素含量估算模型[J].经济林研究,2013,31(3):48-53.
[16]柴仲平,王雪梅,陈波浪,等.氮、磷、钾施肥配比对香梨长势和产量的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(7):41-46.
[17]柴仲平,陈波浪,蒋平安,等.库尔勒香梨施肥效应参数研究[J].果树学报,2014,31(3):423-429.
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第3版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
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