安徽省2000—2010年景观生态质量变化研究
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摘要
景观生态质量是衡量生态环境的重要指标,取决于景观生态系统,而景观生态系统又主要受其自身稳定性和外来干扰度的影响。笔者从受干扰度和自身稳定性两个角度建立评价指标体系,以构建综合评价模型,并利用此模型综合评价安徽省近10 a的景观生态质量及其变化。结果表明:2000—2005年,景观生态质量为一等(稳定)的面积比例只减少了0.84%,景观生态质量为三等(不稳定)的面积比例也只增加了0.54%;而2005—2010年,景观生态质量为一等的面积比例减少了2.46%,三等的面积比例则增加了4.33%。研究表明:安徽省的景观生态质量自2000—2005年虽有所下降,但总体仍处于较稳定状态;而2005—2010年间,景观生态质量则处于不断下降的趋势。
Landscape ecological quality is an important index to measure the ecological environment. There is greatly significance to study the landscape ecological quality from the angle of landscape ecology. Landscape ecological quality depends on the landscape ecosystem,and landscape ecosystem is influenced by its stability and external interference degree mainly. The evaluation index system was established from the two aspects which are stability and interference degree. Then a comprehensive evaluation model was built to evaluate the landscape ecological quality and its changes in Anhui Province in recent ten years. The results showed that the area of landscape ecological quality as the first class only decreased by 0. 84%,and the area of landscape ecological quality as the third class only increased by 0. 54% in 2000-2005. But in 2005-2010,the area of landscape ecological quality as the first class decreased by 2. 46%,and the area of landscape ecological quality as the third class increased by 4. 33%. Which showed that landscape ecological quality of Anhui Province decreased from 2000 to 2005,but the overall situation was still in a stable state. While the landscape ecological quality was in a declining trend from 2005 to 2010.
Landscape ecological quality is an important index to measure the ecological environment. There is greatly significance to study the landscape ecological quality from the angle of landscape ecology. Landscape ecological quality depends on the landscape ecosystem,and landscape ecosystem is influenced by its stability and external interference degree mainly. The evaluation index system was established from the two aspects which are stability and interference degree. Then a comprehensive evaluation model was built to evaluate the landscape ecological quality and its changes in Anhui Province in recent ten years. The results showed that the area of landscape ecological quality as the first class only decreased by 0. 84%,and the area of landscape ecological quality as the third class only increased by 0. 54% in 2000-2005. But in 2005-2010,the area of landscape ecological quality as the first class decreased by 2. 46%,and the area of landscape ecological quality as the third class increased by 4. 33%. Which showed that landscape ecological quality of Anhui Province decreased from 2000 to 2005,but the overall situation was still in a stable state. While the landscape ecological quality was in a declining trend from 2005 to 2010.
引文
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[13]朱茵,孟志勇,阚叔愚.用层次分析法计算权重[J].北方交通大学学报,1999,23(5):119-122.Zhu Y,Meng Z Y,Han S Y.Determation of weight value by AHP[J].Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,1999,23(5):119-122.
[14]乔伟峰,盛业华,方斌,等.基于转移矩阵的高度城市化区域土地利用演变信息挖掘:以江苏省苏州市为例[J].地理研究,2013,32(8):1497-1507.Qiao W F,Sheng Y H,Fang B,et al.Land use change information mining in highly urbanized area based on transfer matrix:A case study of Suzhou,Jiangsu Province[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(8):1497-1507.
[15]刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学,2010,32(8):1544-1550.Liu R,Zhu D L.Methods for detecting land use changes based on the land use transition matrix[J].Resources Science,2010,32(8):1544-1550.
[2]李崷,王仰麟,彭建,等.基于景观生态的城市土地开发适宜性评价:以丹东市为例[J].生态学报,2010,30(8):2141-2150.Li Q,Wang Y L,Peng J,et al.Assessment of urban land suitability for construction in view of landscape ecology:A case study of Dandong City[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(8):2141-2150.
[3]许洛源,黄义雄,叶功富,等.基于土地利用的景观生态质量评价:以福建省海坛岛为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):207-212.Xu L Y,Huang Y X,Ye G F,et al.Evaluation of landscape ecological quality based on the land utilization:A case study in Altar island of Fujian Province[J].Soil and Water ConservationResearch,2011,18(2):207-212.
[4]杨叶涛,龚建雅,周启鸣,等.土地利用景观格局对城市扩张影响研究[J].自然资源学报2010,25(2):320-329.Yang Y T,Gong J Y,Zhou Q M,et al.Impacts of landscape pattern on the urban expansion:A case study of Beijing City[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2010,25(2):320-329.
[5]王瑞燕,赵庚星,周伟,等.土地利用对生态环境脆弱性的影响评价[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(12):215-220.Wang R Y,Zhao G X,Zhou W,et al.Assessment of the impacts of land use on regional ecological environment vulnerability[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2008,24(12):215-220.
[6]徐嘉兴,李钢,陈国良,等.土地复垦矿区的景观生态质量变化[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(1):232-239.Xu J X,Li G,Chen G L,et al.Changes of landscape ecological quality for land reclamation mining area[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(1):232-239.
[7]郭烁,夏北成,刘蔚秋,等.城市化进程中广州市景观格局的时空变化与梯度分异[J].农用生态学报,2006,17(9):1671-1676.Guo S,Xia B C,Liu W Q,et al.Spatio-temporal change and space and gradient differentiation of landscape pattern in Guangzhou City during its urbanization[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2006,17(9):1671-1676.
[8]杨英宝,江南,苏伟忠,等.RS与GIS支持下的南京市景观格局动态变化研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2005,14(1):34-39.Yang Y B,Jiang N,Su W Z,et al.Dynamics of landscape ecology in Nanjing City reviewed by RS and GIS[J].Resources and Environment in Yangtze River Basin,2005,14(1):34-39.
[9]邱彭华,徐颂军,谢跟踪,等.基于景观格局和生态敏感性的海南西部地区生态脆弱性分析[J].生态学报,2007,27(4):1257-1264.Qiu P H,Xu S J,Xie G Z,et al.Analysis of ecological vulnerability of the western Hainan island based on its landscape pattern and ecosystem sensitivity[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(4):1257-1264.
[10]王仰麟.景观生态系统及要素的理论分析[J].人文地理,1997,12(1):1-5.Wang Y L.Landscape ecosystem and its factors[J].Human Geography,1997,12(1):1-5.
[11]朱永恒,濮励杰,赵春雨.景观生态质量评价研究:以吴江市为例[J].地理科学,2007,27(2):182-187.Zhu Y H,Pu L J,Zhao C Y.Evaluation of landscape ecological quality:A case study in Wujiang City[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2007,27(2):182-187.
[12]龙开元,谢炳庚,谢光辉.景观生态破坏评价指标体系的建立方法和应用[J].山地学报,2001,19(1):64-68.Long K Y,Xie B G,Xie G H.Establishment and application of index system of evaluating landscape ecology damage[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2001,19(1):64-68.
[13]朱茵,孟志勇,阚叔愚.用层次分析法计算权重[J].北方交通大学学报,1999,23(5):119-122.Zhu Y,Meng Z Y,Han S Y.Determation of weight value by AHP[J].Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,1999,23(5):119-122.
[14]乔伟峰,盛业华,方斌,等.基于转移矩阵的高度城市化区域土地利用演变信息挖掘:以江苏省苏州市为例[J].地理研究,2013,32(8):1497-1507.Qiao W F,Sheng Y H,Fang B,et al.Land use change information mining in highly urbanized area based on transfer matrix:A case study of Suzhou,Jiangsu Province[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(8):1497-1507.
[15]刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学,2010,32(8):1544-1550.Liu R,Zhu D L.Methods for detecting land use changes based on the land use transition matrix[J].Resources Science,2010,32(8):1544-1550.
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