巢湖十五里河沉积物氮磷形态分布及生物有效性
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摘要
为了解巢湖十五里河底泥氮磷形态分布规律及生物有效性,在河道上采集7个柱状样,按10 cm厚度分层,共得样品41个.采用化学提取方法,获得氨氮(NH4+-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)、易交换态磷(Ex-P)、铝结合态磷(Al-P)、铁结合态磷(Fe-P)、闭蓄态磷(Oc-P)、钙结合态磷(Ca-P)、碎屑磷(De-P)和有机磷(Or-P)等各形态氮磷及总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量,进而对各形态氮和磷的空间分布特征及相关性进行分析,并评估氮磷的生物有效性.结果表明,十五里河沉积物中各形态氮磷在纵向和垂直方向上表现出一定的规律性,且主要氮磷形态之间还具有显著的相关性.此外,在0～10、10～20、20～30、30～40、40～50和50～60cm等沉积深度,生物有效性氮(NH4+-N与NO3--N两者之和)占TN的质量分数分别为8.17%、11.88%、7.99%、8.44%、8.97%和20.06%,生物有效性磷(Ex-P、Al-P、Fe-P三者之和)占TP的质量分数分别为50.18%、49.12%、42.41%、34.11%、32.71%和39.55%.
In order to learn the distribution and bioavailability of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) species in the sediments of Shiwuli Stream,pouring into Lake Chaohu,seven sediment cores were collected along the stream,and then a total of 41 samples for the sediment cores were sliced in-situ with a thickness of 10 cm.The contents of ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N),exchangeable P(Ex-P),Al-bound P(Al-P),Fe-bound P(Fe-P),occluded P(Oc-P),Ca-bound P(Ca-P),detrital apatite P(De-P),organic P(Or-P) as well as total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) were measured by chemical extraction methods.The researches on spatial distribution,correlation and bioavailability of nitrogen and phosphorus species were conducted according to the analyzed data.The results show that the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus species contents in the sediments of Shiwuli Stream is characterized by some regularity,and notable correlations between the major nitrogen and phosphorus forms are displayed as well.Generally,in the sediment layers of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm,30-40 cm,40-50 cm and 50-60 cm,the average ratios of bio-available nitrogen content(the sum of NH+4-N and NO-3-N) to TN are 8.17%,11.88%,7.99%,8.44%,8.97% and 20.06%,respectively,while the mean ratios of bio-available phosphorus content(the sum of Ex-P,Al-P and Fe-P) to TP are 50.18%,49.12%,42.41%,34.11%,32.71% and 39.55%,respectively.
In order to learn the distribution and bioavailability of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) species in the sediments of Shiwuli Stream,pouring into Lake Chaohu,seven sediment cores were collected along the stream,and then a total of 41 samples for the sediment cores were sliced in-situ with a thickness of 10 cm.The contents of ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N),exchangeable P(Ex-P),Al-bound P(Al-P),Fe-bound P(Fe-P),occluded P(Oc-P),Ca-bound P(Ca-P),detrital apatite P(De-P),organic P(Or-P) as well as total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) were measured by chemical extraction methods.The researches on spatial distribution,correlation and bioavailability of nitrogen and phosphorus species were conducted according to the analyzed data.The results show that the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus species contents in the sediments of Shiwuli Stream is characterized by some regularity,and notable correlations between the major nitrogen and phosphorus forms are displayed as well.Generally,in the sediment layers of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm,30-40 cm,40-50 cm and 50-60 cm,the average ratios of bio-available nitrogen content(the sum of NH+4-N and NO-3-N) to TN are 8.17%,11.88%,7.99%,8.44%,8.97% and 20.06%,respectively,while the mean ratios of bio-available phosphorus content(the sum of Ex-P,Al-P and Fe-P) to TP are 50.18%,49.12%,42.41%,34.11%,32.71% and 39.55%,respectively.
引文
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[25]张志斌,张学杨,张波,等.南四湖微山湖区沉积物磷形态分布特征[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1345-1350.
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[29]叶琳琳,潘成荣,张之源,等.瓦埠湖沉积物氮的赋存特征以及环境因子对NH+4-N释放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(5):1333-1336.
[30]王圣瑞,焦立新,金相灿,等.长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物总氮、可交换态氮与固定态铵的赋存特征[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(1):37-43.
[31]陈林,许其功,李铁松,等.模糊物元识别模型在巢湖水体富营养化评价中的应用研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(4):729-736.
[2]孟春红,赵冰.东湖沉积物中氮磷形态分布的研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(7):1831-1837.
[3]Anshumali,Ramanathan A L.Phosphorus fractionation in surficial sediments of Pandoh Lake,Lesser Himalaya,Himachal Pradesh,India[J].Applied Geochemistry,2007,22(9):1860-1871.
[4]Trojanowska A A,Izydorczyk K.Phosphorus fractions transformation in sediments before and after cyanobacterial bloom:implications for reduction of eutrophication symptoms indam reservoir[J].Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2010,211(1-4):287-298.
[5]Wang Y,Shen Z Y,Niu J F,et al.Adsorption of phosphorus on sediments from the Three-Gorges Reservoir(China)and the relation with sediment compositions[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,162(1):92-98.
[6]Dai J C,Song J M,Li X G,et al.Geochemical records of phosphorus in Jiaozhou Bay sediments-implications for environmental changes in recent hundred years[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2007,26(4):132-147.
[7]戴纪翠,宋金明,李学刚,等.胶州湾不同形态磷的沉积记录及生物可利用性研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(5):929-936.
[8]Sun S J,Huang S L,Sun X M,et al.Phosphorus fractions and its release in the sediments of Haihe River,China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(3):291-295.
[9]罗月颖.浅水湖泊水体富营养化评价与模拟[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2011.
[10]李如忠,洪齐齐,罗月颖.巢湖十五里河沉积物污染特征及来源分析[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(2):144-151.
[11]Li R Z,Shu K,Luo Y Y,et al.Assessment of heavy metal pollution in estuarine surface sediments of Tangxi River in Chaohu Lake Basin[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2010,20(1):9-17.
[12]王书航.巢湖水华时空分布特征及成因初步分析[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2010.
[13]袁旭音,李兵,许薇薇,等.太湖入湖河道沉积物中生物利用磷和营养水平分析[J].地学前缘,2008,15(5):212-218.
[14]刘恩峰,沈吉,杨丽原,等.南四湖及主要入湖河流沉积物中磷的赋存形态研究[J].地球化学,2008,37(3):290-296.
[15]LüX X,Song J M,Li X G,et al.Geochemical characteristics of nitrogen in the southern Yellow Sea surface sediments[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2005,56(1-2):17-27.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].(第三版).北京:中国农业出版社,2002.47-56.
[17]吕昌伟,何江,孙惠民,等.乌梁素海沉积物中磷的形态分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(3):878-885.
[18]朱广伟,秦伯强.沉积物中磷形态的化学连续提取法应用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(3):349-352.
[19]Pardo P,Rauret G,López-Sánchez J F.Shortened screening method for phosphorus fractionation in sediments:a complementary approach to the standards,measurements and testing harmonised protocol[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2004,508(2):201-206.
[20]李辉,潘学军,史丽琼,等.湖泊内源氮磷污染分析方法及特征研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(1):281-292.
[21]潘成荣,汪家权,郑志侠,等.巢湖沉积物中氮与磷赋存形态研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2007,23(1):43-47.
[22]熊汉峰,谭启玲,王运华.梁子湖沉积物中氮磷分布特征研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2008,27(2):235-238.
[23]Mortimer R J G,Davey J T,Krom M D,et al.The effect ofmacrofauna on porewater profile and nutrient fluxes in the inter-tidal zone of the Humber Estuary[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1999,48(6):683-699.
[24]周小宁,王圣瑞,金相灿.沉水植物黑藻对沉积物有机、无机磷形态及潜在可交换性磷的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(12):2421-2425.
[25]张志斌,张学杨,张波,等.南四湖微山湖区沉积物磷形态分布特征[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1345-1350.
[26]王雨春,马梅,万国江,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物磷赋存形态及沉积历史[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):21-27.
[27]Cha H J,Lee C B,Kim B S,et al.Early diagenetic redistribution and burial of phosphorus in the sediments of the southwestern East Sea(Japan Sea)[J].Marine Geology,2005,216(3):127-143.
[28]岳维忠,黄小平,孙翠慈.珠江口表层沉积物中氮、磷的形态分布特征及污染评价[J].海洋与沼泽,2007,38(2):231-239.
[29]叶琳琳,潘成荣,张之源,等.瓦埠湖沉积物氮的赋存特征以及环境因子对NH+4-N释放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(5):1333-1336.
[30]王圣瑞,焦立新,金相灿,等.长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物总氮、可交换态氮与固定态铵的赋存特征[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(1):37-43.
[31]陈林,许其功,李铁松,等.模糊物元识别模型在巢湖水体富营养化评价中的应用研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(4):729-736.
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