巢湖烔炀河水体氮磷营养物变化特征及成因分析
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摘要
根据烔炀河水生植物生长情况和水力学特征,将河流划分为5个河段,并以水生植物稀疏的河段作为对照段,对水生植物作用下水体氮磷营养物变化特征进行研究。研究表明,水生植物对氮磷消减作用明显。水体氮磷变化特征表现为:在时间上,各水质指标含量为每年3月最高,达Ⅳ类水,甚至Ⅴ类水质;10月最低,仅Ⅱ~Ⅲ类水质;在空间上,从上游至下游河流硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮及总氮等各项含氮指标质量浓度均呈现下降趋势,而总磷质量浓度则呈高—低—高的变化特点。研究所得结论可为烔炀河水污染控制和水环境生态修复提供依据。
The Tongyang River is divided into five reaches according to the growth of aquatic plants and hydraulic characteristics,and the variation characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients under the effects of the aquatic plants is studied,with the reaches of few aquatic plants as the control group.The results show that the aquatic plants have significant subduction effect on nitrogen and phosphorus.The variation characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus in water is as follows: in time domain,each year the concentration of each water quality index is at the top in March,reaching the standard of Ⅳ level water,or even Ⅴ level water,while the lowest concentration of each water quality index is in October,reaching the standard of Ⅱ or Ⅲ level water;in space domain,the concentration of nitrogen containing indexes such as NO3——N,NO2——N,NH4+-N and TN show the downtrend from upriver to downriver,but the TP concentration shows the high-low-high variation.The results provide a basis for ecological remediation and water contamination control of Tongyang River.
The Tongyang River is divided into five reaches according to the growth of aquatic plants and hydraulic characteristics,and the variation characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients under the effects of the aquatic plants is studied,with the reaches of few aquatic plants as the control group.The results show that the aquatic plants have significant subduction effect on nitrogen and phosphorus.The variation characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus in water is as follows: in time domain,each year the concentration of each water quality index is at the top in March,reaching the standard of Ⅳ level water,or even Ⅴ level water,while the lowest concentration of each water quality index is in October,reaching the standard of Ⅱ or Ⅲ level water;in space domain,the concentration of nitrogen containing indexes such as NO3——N,NO2——N,NH4+-N and TN show the downtrend from upriver to downriver,but the TP concentration shows the high-low-high variation.The results provide a basis for ecological remediation and water contamination control of Tongyang River.
引文
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[2]王明远,赵桂久,章申.长江碳、氮、磷、硫输送量的研究[M]//化学元素水环境背景值研究.北京:测绘出版社,1989:121-131.
[3]金传良,郭治清,王敦春,等.中国水资源质量评价概述[J].水文,1996,(5):1-7.
[4]陈静生,关文荣,夏星辉,等.长江干流近三十年来水质变化探析[J].环境化学,1998,17(1):8-13.
[5]Zhang Jing.Chemical trend of national rivers in China:Yellow and Yangtze[J].AMBIO,1994,24(5):274-278.
[6]段水旺,章申,陈喜保,等.长江下游氮、磷含量变化及其输送量的估计[J].环境科学,2000,21(1):53-56.
[7]Smith R A,Alexander R B,Wolman M G.Water qualitytrends in the nation’s river[J].Science,1995,235:1607-1615.
[8]朱余,王凤.巢湖流域水质状况与环境目标可达性分析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2007,16(6):22-26.
[9]石勇,李如忠,熊鸿斌,等.基于未确知数的湖泊富营养化评价模式[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,32(2):150-154.
[10]李如忠.地质环境与巢湖富营养化控制机制研究[R].合肥:合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,2007.
[11]方克逸.巢湖[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1999:1-3.
[12]GB 3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].
[13]王沛芳,王超,胡颖,等.氮在不同生态特征沟渠系统中的衰减规律研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(9):1135-1139.
[14]潘春龙,何谨.水生植物在含Cr废水处理中的作用[J].云南环境科学,2006,25(3):34-35.
目录