基于分形方法的合肥大兴地区土壤中污染元素Hg异常下限
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摘要
土壤污染元素异常下限值的确定对环境地球化学评价具有重要意义,传统异常下限值计算方法仅适用于元素含量数据呈正态分布的情况且地球化学意义不明确,而事实上土壤元素含量的空间分布很可能具有分形分布特征,元素背景和异常有各自独立的幂指数关系。文章探讨利用分形方法确定合肥大兴地区土壤中Hg元素的异常下限值。基于分形的含量-面积方法确定的合肥大兴地区土壤中污染元素Hg的异常下限值为0.13mg/kg。与传统方法(平均值加两倍标准离差)对比显示,分形方法圈定的异常区域是有效的、合理的。
It is of great significance to determine the thresholds of pollution elements in soil for geochemical evaluation of environ- ment. The traditional way of determining thresholds is only suitable to the element data suffering normal distribution strictly, and it’s geochemical signification is not clear. In fact, the distribution of soil elements which is complicated extremely, has the fractal distri- bution characteristics in all probability. The background and anomaly values of elements usually show independent power index relationship. This paper discusses using fractal method to determine the threshold of Hg element in soil of Daxin area in Hefei. Based on the concentration-area fractal method, the threshold of Hg element is 0.13 mg/kg. Compared with the results obtained by tradi- tional methods ( x +2S), the anomaly extension obtained by fractal method is effective and reasonable.
It is of great significance to determine the thresholds of pollution elements in soil for geochemical evaluation of environ- ment. The traditional way of determining thresholds is only suitable to the element data suffering normal distribution strictly, and it’s geochemical signification is not clear. In fact, the distribution of soil elements which is complicated extremely, has the fractal distri- bution characteristics in all probability. The background and anomaly values of elements usually show independent power index relationship. This paper discusses using fractal method to determine the threshold of Hg element in soil of Daxin area in Hefei. Based on the concentration-area fractal method, the threshold of Hg element is 0.13 mg/kg. Compared with the results obtained by tradi- tional methods ( x +2S), the anomaly extension obtained by fractal method is effective and reasonable.
引文
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[2]欧阳婷萍,匡耀求,谭建军,等.珠江三角洲经济区河水中微量元素的空间分布[J].水文地质工程地质,2004(4):66-69.Ouyang Tingping,Kuang Yaoqiu,Tan JianJun,Spatial distribution of trace element in rivers in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2004(4):66-69.
[3]Qiu D T.Geochemistry background and abnormity.地球化学勘探[C].北京:科学出版社,1987.11-21.Qiu D T.Geochemistry background and abnormity.Geochemical Ex-ploration[C].BeiJing:Science Press,1987.11-21.
[4]刘二永,郭科,唐菊兴,等.分形技术用于查证化探异常[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(4):444-447.Liu Eryong,Guo Ke,TANG Juxing,et al.Fractal technology used in the research on geochemical prospecting anomalies[J].Journal Of Chengdu University Of Technology,2002,29(4):444-447.
[5]申维.分形混沌与矿产预测[M].北京:地址出版社.2002.Shen Wei.Fractal And Chaos With Application In Mineral Resource Prediction[M].BeiJing:Geological Publishing House.2002
[6]施俊法,向运川,王春宁.区域地球化学异常空间分形结构及其意义—以浙江省诸暨地区区域地球化学数据为例[J].矿物学报.2000,20(1):68-72.Shi Junfa.Xiang Yunchuan.Wang Chunning.Fractal spatial structure of regional geochemical anomalies and its implication-evidence from regional geochemical data in ZhuJi,ZheJiang province[J].Acta Min-eralogica Sinica.2000,20(1):68-72.
[7]李建东,龚庆杰,窦金龙,等.分形理论在勘查地球化学中的应用[J].中国矿业.2006,15(11):91-94.Li Jiandong,Gong Qingjie,Dou Jinlong,et al.Application of fractal theory in geochemical exploration.China Mining Magazine.2006,15(11):91-94.
[8]谢和平,王金安.岩石节理(断裂)表面多重分形性质.力学学报,1998,30(3):314-320.Xie Heping,Wang Jinan.Multifractal behaviors of fracture surfaces in rocks[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica,1998,30(3):314-320.
[9]HERZFELD U C.A method for seafloor classification using direc-tional variogram,demonstrated for data from the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Mathematical Geology,1993,25(7):901-924.
[10]成秋明.多重分形理论与地球化学元素分布规律[J].地球科学.2000,25(3):311-318.Cheng Qiuming.Multifractal theory and geochemical element distri-bution pattern[J].Earth Science,2005,25(3):311-318.
[11]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.Huang Changyong.Soil Science[M].BeiJing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[12]MANDELBROT B B.The Fractal Geomtry of Nature[M].Freman,San Francisco.1983.
[13]FEDER J.Fractals[M].New York:Plenum,1988.
[14]李长江,麻土华,朱兴盛,等.矿产勘查中的分形、混沌与ANN[M].北京:地质出版社.1999.Li Changjiang,Ma Tuhua,Zhu XinSheng,et al.Fractal,chaos and ann in mineral exploration[M].BeiJing:Geological Publishing House.1999.
[15]张济忠.分形[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.Zhang Jizhong.Fractal[M].BeiJing:Tsinghua University Press,1995.
[16]於崇文.地球化学系统的复杂性探索[J].地球科学,1994,19(3):283-286.Yu Chongwen.Explonng Complexity of Geochemical Systems[J].Earth Science,1994,19(3):283-286.
[17]BOLVIKEN B,STOKE P R,FEDER J,et al.the fractal nature geo-chemical landscapes[J].Geochemical Exporation.1992,43:91-109.
[18]ALLEGRE C J,LEWIN E.Scaling laws and geochemical distribu-tion[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letter,1995,132:1-13
[19]CHEN Q M,AFTERBERG F P,BALLANTYNE S B.The separation of geochemical anomalies from background by fractal methods[J].Jourmal of Geochemical Exploration,1994,51:109-130.
[20]李随民,姚书振.基于MAPGIS的分形方法确定化探异常[J].地球学报,2005,26(2):187-190.LI Suimin,Yao Shuzhen.The Determination of Thresholds by the Fractal Method Based on MAPGIS[J].Acta Geosicientia Sinica,2005,26(2):187-190.
[21]陈静生.水环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.Cheng Jingsheng.Water Environmental Chemistry[M].Higher Educa-tion Press,1987.
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