塘库沉积的~(137)Cs法断代测定三峡库区小流域产沙量
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摘要
本文以三峡库区重庆忠县黄冲子小流域和工农沟小流域为研究区域,依据塘库修建时间(1955年)、退耕还林工程启动时间(2000年)和~(137)Cs示踪技术,确定了小流域不同时期产沙量及产沙模数,并分析比较了不同小流域的塘库沉积物~(137)Cs含量和产沙模数。研究结果表明,黄冲子小流域和工农沟小流域1955~1963年、1963~2000年、2001~2014年的产沙模数均呈下降趋势,库区小流域生态环境得到明显改善;黄冲子小流域不同时期产沙模数均大于工农沟小流域,工农沟塘库沉积物1963年~(137)Cs峰值和表层泥沙~(137)Cs浓度均小于黄冲子塘库,主要与小流域的土地利用类型以及侵蚀方式有关。在以后的研究中,应该加强库区小流域沟道侵蚀产沙量的定量估算,为长江经济带生态环境建设提供参考依据。
A study on sediment yields and sediment yield moduli during different periods of 1955-1963,1963-2000 as well as 2001-2014 for Huangchongzi and Gongnonggou catchments in Zhongxian County,the Three Gorges Reservoir Region( TGRR) by using ~(137)Cs technique was conducted in this paper,based on the start-time of Grain to Green project( 2000) as well as pond construction date( 1955). Results indicate that sediment yield moduli of 1955-1963,1963-2000,and 2001-2014 for Huangchongzi and Gongnonggou catchments display declining trends. The ecological environment of the catchments has become better than before. Sediment yield moduli of different periods for Huangchongzi catchment were apparently higher than those for Gonnonggou catchment. However,in 1963 year peak value of ~(137)Cs and surface sediment ~(137)Cs activities for Gonnonggou pond sediment core are both much lower than those for Huangchongzi catchment,which may be caused by different land use types and erosion pattern. In the future,the research on quantifying sediment yield from gully erosion should to be paid more attention to. This study could provide scientific reference for the ecological environmental construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
A study on sediment yields and sediment yield moduli during different periods of 1955-1963,1963-2000 as well as 2001-2014 for Huangchongzi and Gongnonggou catchments in Zhongxian County,the Three Gorges Reservoir Region( TGRR) by using ~(137)Cs technique was conducted in this paper,based on the start-time of Grain to Green project( 2000) as well as pond construction date( 1955). Results indicate that sediment yield moduli of 1955-1963,1963-2000,and 2001-2014 for Huangchongzi and Gongnonggou catchments display declining trends. The ecological environment of the catchments has become better than before. Sediment yield moduli of different periods for Huangchongzi catchment were apparently higher than those for Gonnonggou catchment. However,in 1963 year peak value of ~(137)Cs and surface sediment ~(137)Cs activities for Gonnonggou pond sediment core are both much lower than those for Huangchongzi catchment,which may be caused by different land use types and erosion pattern. In the future,the research on quantifying sediment yield from gully erosion should to be paid more attention to. This study could provide scientific reference for the ecological environmental construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
引文
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[14]张信宝,贺秀斌,文安邦,等.川中丘陵区小流域泥沙来源的137Cs和210Pb双同位素法研究[J].科学通报,2004,49(15):1537-1541.
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[17]张一澜,文安邦,俱战省,等.基于3S和137Cs技术的三峡库区小流域泥沙输移比研究[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):46-51.
[18]巨莉.三峡库区小流域侵蚀产沙对土地利用变化的响应[D].成都:中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2013.
[19]Marion L G,Olivier E,Anthony F,et al.Quantifying sediment sources in a lowland agricultural catchment pond using137Cs activities and radiogenic87Sr/86sr ratios[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,566:968-980.
[20]Golosov V,Collins A L,Tang Q.Sediment transfer at different spatial and temporal scales in the Sichuan Hilly Basin,China:Synthesizing data from multiple approaches and preliminary interpretation in the context of climatic and anthropogenic drivers[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,598:319-329.
[21]文安邦,齐永青,汪阳春,等.三峡库区侵蚀泥沙的137Cs法研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(2):33-36.
[22]齐永青.小流域侵蚀泥沙的137Cs法研究-以三峡库区开县春秋小流域为例[D].成都:中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2006.
[23]郭进,文安邦,严冬春,等.复合指纹识别技术定量示踪流域泥沙来源[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(2):94-104.
[24]Gao J Z,Long Y,Zhang X B,et al.Interpreting sedimentation dynamics at Longxi catchment in the Three Gorges Area,China,using Cs-137activity,particle size and rainfall erosivity[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2016,13(5):857-869.
[2]廖纯艳.构建水土流失防治体系建设水清地绿天蓝美丽长江[J].人民长江,2015,46(19):44-47.
[3]长江水利委员会.长江流域水土保持公报(2006-2015)[R].武汉:长江水利委员会,2017.
[4]马晓燕,王玉宽,傅斌,等.三峡库区典型流域塘库服务功能类型及空间分布[J].人民长江,2016,47(17):36-41.
[5]Zapata F.Handbook for the assessment of soil erosion and sediment using environmental radionuclides[M].Dordrecht/Boston/London:Kluwer Academic Publisher,2002.
[6]Gerald M.Activities and geochronology of137Cs in lake sediments resulting from sediment resuspension[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2017,167:222-234.
[7]张信宝,龙翼,文安邦,等.中国湖泊沉积物137Cs和210Pbex断代的一些问题[J].第四纪研究,2012,32(3):430-440.
[8]文安邦,张信宝,李豪,等.云南楚雄九龙甸水库沉积剖面137Cs、210Pbex和细粒泥沙含量的变化及其解译[J].泥沙研究,2008,(6):17-23.
[9]Ava D S,Colin W,Brian G J,et al.Use of210Pb and137Cs to simultaneously constrain ages and sources of post-dam sediments in the Cordeaux reservoir,Sydney,Australia[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2008,99(7):1111-1120.
[10]张信宝,白晓永,刘秀明,等.洼地沉积的137Cs法断代测定森林砍伐后的喀斯特小流域土壤流失量[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(2):265-271.
[11]李豪,张信宝,文安邦,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地泥沙堆积的137Cs示踪研究-以丫吉试验场为例[J].地球与环境,2016,44(1):57-63.
[12]高进长,朱虹,龙翼,等.川中丘陵区小流域土地利用变化和泥沙来源示踪的δ13C技术[J].山地学报,2015,33(5):521-527.
[13]齐永青,张信宝,贺秀斌,等.川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代[J].地理研究,2006,25(4):641-648.
[14]张信宝,贺秀斌,文安邦,等.川中丘陵区小流域泥沙来源的137Cs和210Pb双同位素法研究[J].科学通报,2004,49(15):1537-1541.
[15]Liu S W,Narentuya,Xia B R,et al.Using210Pbunsand137Cs to date recent sediment cores from the Badain Jaran Desert,Inner Mongolia,China[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2012,12:30-39.
[16]俱战省.三峡库区紫色土小流域RUSLE模型研究[D].成都:中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2015.
[17]张一澜,文安邦,俱战省,等.基于3S和137Cs技术的三峡库区小流域泥沙输移比研究[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):46-51.
[18]巨莉.三峡库区小流域侵蚀产沙对土地利用变化的响应[D].成都:中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2013.
[19]Marion L G,Olivier E,Anthony F,et al.Quantifying sediment sources in a lowland agricultural catchment pond using137Cs activities and radiogenic87Sr/86sr ratios[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,566:968-980.
[20]Golosov V,Collins A L,Tang Q.Sediment transfer at different spatial and temporal scales in the Sichuan Hilly Basin,China:Synthesizing data from multiple approaches and preliminary interpretation in the context of climatic and anthropogenic drivers[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,598:319-329.
[21]文安邦,齐永青,汪阳春,等.三峡库区侵蚀泥沙的137Cs法研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(2):33-36.
[22]齐永青.小流域侵蚀泥沙的137Cs法研究-以三峡库区开县春秋小流域为例[D].成都:中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2006.
[23]郭进,文安邦,严冬春,等.复合指纹识别技术定量示踪流域泥沙来源[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(2):94-104.
[24]Gao J Z,Long Y,Zhang X B,et al.Interpreting sedimentation dynamics at Longxi catchment in the Three Gorges Area,China,using Cs-137activity,particle size and rainfall erosivity[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2016,13(5):857-869.