内蒙古短花针茅荒漠草原主要植物和土壤δ~(13)C对放牧干扰的响应
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摘要
应用稳定性碳同位素(δ~(13)C)技术分析了放牧对内蒙古短花针茅荒漠草原主要植物和土壤的δ~(13)C值的影响。研究结果显示:重度放牧干扰显著降低了主要6种C3植物的δ~(13)C值,增加了C4植物木地肤的δ~(13)C值,而对C4植物无芒隐子草的δ~(13)C值影响不显著。可以看出放牧对不同光合类型植物的δ~(13)C值影响是不一样的。同时,长期重度放牧显著地增大了0-15cm深度内土壤的δ~(13)C值,尤其表层土壤(0-5cm)的变化幅度较大,说明放牧对表层土壤有机质的分解影响程度更大一些。
Effects of grazing on δ~(13)C values of plants and soils were investigated by applying the stable carbon isotope techniques in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia.The results showed that long-term heavy grazing significantly decreased the δ~(13)C values of 6 species of C3 plant and increased the δ~(13)C value of Kochia prostrate,whereas did not affect the δ~(13)C values of Cleistogenes songorica,which indicated that effects of grazing on different types of photosynthetic pathway plants were different.The δ~(13)C values of soils(0-15cm)were in the grazed area was significantly higher than that in un-grazed area,especially in 0-5cm layer,which showed that grazing could greatly affect the organic matter decomposition of the soil surface.
Effects of grazing on δ~(13)C values of plants and soils were investigated by applying the stable carbon isotope techniques in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia.The results showed that long-term heavy grazing significantly decreased the δ~(13)C values of 6 species of C3 plant and increased the δ~(13)C value of Kochia prostrate,whereas did not affect the δ~(13)C values of Cleistogenes songorica,which indicated that effects of grazing on different types of photosynthetic pathway plants were different.The δ~(13)C values of soils(0-15cm)were in the grazed area was significantly higher than that in un-grazed area,especially in 0-5cm layer,which showed that grazing could greatly affect the organic matter decomposition of the soil surface.
引文
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[20]朱书法,刘丛强,陶发祥,王中良,朴河春.贵州喀斯特地区棕色石灰土与黄壤有机质剖面分布及稳定碳同位素组成差异[J].土壤学报,2007,01:169-173.
[2]王国安,韩家懋.中国西北C3植物的碳同位素组成与年降雨量关系初探[J].地质科学,2001,04:494-499.
[3]Miller J M,Williams R J,Farquhar G D.Carbon isotope discrimination by a sequence of Eucalyptus species along a sub-continental rainfall gradient in Australia.Functional Ecology,2001,15(2):222-232.
[4]旺罗,吕厚远,吴乃琴,吴海斌,刘东生.青藏高原现生禾本科植物的与海拔高度的关系[J].第四纪研究,2003,05:573-580.
[5]郑淑霞,上官周平.近70年来黄土高原典型植物δ13 C值变化研究[J].植物生态学报,2005,02:289-295.
[6]陈世苹.内蒙古锡林河流域主要植物种、功能群和群落水分利用效率的研究[D].中国科学院研究生院(植物研究所),2003.
[7]Bender M M.Variation in the 13 C/12 C ratios of plants in relation to the pathway of photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation[J].Phytochemistry,1971,10:1239-1244.
[8]O'Leary M H.Carbon isotopes in photosynthesis[J].Biosciences,1988,38:328-336.
[9]Bernoux M,Cerri C C,Nei C,et al.The use of stable carbon isotopes for estimating soil organic matter turnover rates.Geoderma,1998,82:43-58.
[10]林植芳.稳定性碳同位素在植物生理生态研究中的应用[J].植物生理学通讯,1990,03(3):1-6.
[11]王国安,韩家懋,刘东生.中国北方黄土区C-3草本植物碳同位素组成研究[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2003,06:550-556.
[12]任书杰,于贵瑞.中国区域478种C_3植物叶片碳稳定性同位素组成与水分利用效率[J].植物生态学报,2011,02:119-124.
[13]李昕宇.放牧、增雨对典型草原植物稳定性同位素效应的影响[D].内蒙古大学,2013.
[14]Hui AN,GuoQi L I.Effects of grazing on carbon and nitrogen in plants and soils in a semiarid desert grassland,China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2015,03:341-349.
[15]刘涛泽,刘丛强,张伟.植被恢复中坡地土壤颗粒有机碳分布特征和δ13 C值组成[J].生态环境,2008,05:2031-2036.
[16]张林,孙向阳,乔永,高程达,曹吉鑫,阿拉塔,宝音贺希格.不同放牧强度下荒漠草原土壤有机碳及其δ13 C值分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2009,06:149-153.
[17]窦森,张晋京.用δ13 C方法研究玉米秸秆分解期间土壤有机质数量动态变化[J].土壤学报,2003,03:328-334.
[18]Wedin D A,Tieszen L L,Dewey B,et al.Carbon isotope dynamics during grass decomposition and soil organic matter formation[J].Ecology,1995,76(5):1383-1392.
[19]李春莉,赵萌莉,韩国栋,红梅.不同放牧压力下荒漠草原土壤有机碳特征及其与植被之间关系的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,05:134-138.
[20]朱书法,刘丛强,陶发祥,王中良,朴河春.贵州喀斯特地区棕色石灰土与黄壤有机质剖面分布及稳定碳同位素组成差异[J].土壤学报,2007,01:169-173.