广东省农地“三权分置”可持续发展评价
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摘要
[目的]探讨农村土地的所有权、承包权和经营权的可持续发展能力,对于有效解决土地产权的困境,稳定农地承包权以及推进农村土地经营权的有序流转具有重要的实际意义。[方法]以广东省为例,通过构建农地"三权分置"可持续发展评价体系,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,进而通过可持续发展指数确定其可持续发展能力。[结果]广东省农民土地承包权指数最高,而对应指标的指数相对也高,其中土地承包权确权实测率指数最高;广东省农民土地流转经营权的指数介于所有权和承包权之间,农民在获得稳定的土地流转收益有力转移农村剩余劳动力,进而直接或间接的增加农民收入;广东省的农村土地所有权指数最低,因为广东省所有权人均土地面积较低,农民的产权认知能力较弱,导致指数偏低。[结论]农地"三权分置"相互影响相互制约,落实农地集体所有权,制定土地有偿使用和有偿退出机制,建立多层次的土地流转中心和合作社,维护农地的合理流转,在一定程度上提高农地的利用效率。
Exploring the sustainable development ability of rural land ownership,contracting rights and management rights has important practical significance for effectively solving the dilemma of land property rights,stabilizing rural land contracting rights and promoting the orderly circulation of farmland management rights. Taking Guangdong province as an example,the sustainable development evaluation system of " separation of three powers" of rural land was constructed,and the index weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process,and then its sustainable development ability was determined by sustainable development index. The results show that the index of farmer's land contract right in Guangdong province is the highest,and the corresponding index is relatively high,among which the index of the actual measurement rate of land contracting right is the highest; the index of farmer' s land transfer right in Guangdong province is between ownership and contracting right,and the farmers obtained stable land transfer income can effectively transfer rural surplus labor,and then directly or indirectly increase farmers' income. The rural land ownership index of Guangdong province is the lowest,because the per capita land area of ownership in Guangdong province is low,and farmers' property rights cognitive ability is weak,which leads to the low index. The " three powers separation" of rural land and affects and restricts each other,implements collective ownership of rural land,formulates a mechanism for paid use and withdrawal of land,establishes multi-level land transfer centers and cooperatives,maintains the reasonable circulation of rural land,and improves the utilization efficiency of rural land to a certain extent.
Exploring the sustainable development ability of rural land ownership,contracting rights and management rights has important practical significance for effectively solving the dilemma of land property rights,stabilizing rural land contracting rights and promoting the orderly circulation of farmland management rights. Taking Guangdong province as an example,the sustainable development evaluation system of " separation of three powers" of rural land was constructed,and the index weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process,and then its sustainable development ability was determined by sustainable development index. The results show that the index of farmer's land contract right in Guangdong province is the highest,and the corresponding index is relatively high,among which the index of the actual measurement rate of land contracting right is the highest; the index of farmer' s land transfer right in Guangdong province is between ownership and contracting right,and the farmers obtained stable land transfer income can effectively transfer rural surplus labor,and then directly or indirectly increase farmers' income. The rural land ownership index of Guangdong province is the lowest,because the per capita land area of ownership in Guangdong province is low,and farmers' property rights cognitive ability is weak,which leads to the low index. The " three powers separation" of rural land and affects and restricts each other,implements collective ownership of rural land,formulates a mechanism for paid use and withdrawal of land,establishes multi-level land transfer centers and cooperatives,maintains the reasonable circulation of rural land,and improves the utilization efficiency of rural land to a certain extent.
引文
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[2]庞璐.浅论“三权分置”背景下农民利益保护机制的构建.长春理工大学学报,2017,30(2):35-38.
[3]李有群.农地“三权分置”下对农民权益保护的思考.中国市场,2016(25):282,284.
[4]胡震,朱小庆吉.农地“三权分置”的研究综述.中国农业大学学报,2017,34(1):106-117.
[5]张燕纯,韩书成,李丹,等.农村土地“三权分置”的新制度经济学分析.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(1):17-22.
[6]张婧,李强,周渊.陕西省城市可持续发展评价.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(S2):448-453.
[7]赵丹丹,高世葵.基于AHP的资源型城市可持续发展水平评价研究———以山西省为例.资源与产业,2015,17(5):1-7.
[8]杨玉珍.传统农区三权分置政策执行的风险及影响因素.中州学刊,2016(12):36-41.
[9]龚睿.农村土地“三权分置”的制约因素及路径研究.中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(5):143-147.
[10]刘佳,张蓉,潘志宏.基于改进层次分析法的社区灾害风险及易损性评价.江苏科技大学学报,2017,31(3):399-404.
[2]庞璐.浅论“三权分置”背景下农民利益保护机制的构建.长春理工大学学报,2017,30(2):35-38.
[3]李有群.农地“三权分置”下对农民权益保护的思考.中国市场,2016(25):282,284.
[4]胡震,朱小庆吉.农地“三权分置”的研究综述.中国农业大学学报,2017,34(1):106-117.
[5]张燕纯,韩书成,李丹,等.农村土地“三权分置”的新制度经济学分析.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(1):17-22.
[6]张婧,李强,周渊.陕西省城市可持续发展评价.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(S2):448-453.
[7]赵丹丹,高世葵.基于AHP的资源型城市可持续发展水平评价研究———以山西省为例.资源与产业,2015,17(5):1-7.
[8]杨玉珍.传统农区三权分置政策执行的风险及影响因素.中州学刊,2016(12):36-41.
[9]龚睿.农村土地“三权分置”的制约因素及路径研究.中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(5):143-147.
[10]刘佳,张蓉,潘志宏.基于改进层次分析法的社区灾害风险及易损性评价.江苏科技大学学报,2017,31(3):399-404.