超大型冷却塔风荷载时程响应及动力抗风性能分析
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摘要
采用风洞实验测试和人工生成的方法分别获取某电厂220 m高超大型冷却塔达文波特风压时程数据,并基于国内规范和特征值屈曲建立了结构模型,采用有限元计算方法分析了风荷载动力抗风特性,并对结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:人工生成风压时程结构响应大于风洞实验实测风压响应,人工生成风压时程作用下整体位移和所提取单元各层壳应力均有较大幅度的波动,总体应力状态远低于混凝土强度设计值;在动力风荷载作用下,结构变形最大位置位于迎风面塔体喉部,应力最大位置位于迎风面塔体下部;基于特征值屈曲建立的结构模型整体变形大于国内规范建立模型变形值。研究成果可为超大型冷却塔表面风荷载取值和相关技术规范修订提供参考。
Wind tunnel tests and an artificial generation method were used to measure the wind pressure time-history response of a 220 m-high super large cooling tower, and a structural model is established based on the domestic standard and eigenvalue buckling. Finally, the finite element method was used to analyze the wind load dynamic wind resistance characteristics. The analysis results indicate that the response of artificial wind pressure is larger than that of wind tunnel tests. The overall displacement and each layer stress of the extracted unit by the artificial generation method have a large fluctuation. Under the action of dynamic wind loading, the maximum deformation of the structure is located in the throat of the windward tower, and the maximum stress is located in the lower part of the windward tower. The results can provide a reference for the revision of the surface wind load of the super-large cooling tower and relevant technical specifications.
Wind tunnel tests and an artificial generation method were used to measure the wind pressure time-history response of a 220 m-high super large cooling tower, and a structural model is established based on the domestic standard and eigenvalue buckling. Finally, the finite element method was used to analyze the wind load dynamic wind resistance characteristics. The analysis results indicate that the response of artificial wind pressure is larger than that of wind tunnel tests. The overall displacement and each layer stress of the extracted unit by the artificial generation method have a large fluctuation. Under the action of dynamic wind loading, the maximum deformation of the structure is located in the throat of the windward tower, and the maximum stress is located in the lower part of the windward tower. The results can provide a reference for the revision of the surface wind load of the super-large cooling tower and relevant technical specifications.
引文
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[2]Niemann H J.Wind effects on cooling-tower shells[J].Joural of the Structural Division,1980,106(3):643―661.
[3]Niemann H J,Kasperski M.Assessment of wind loads on cooling towers[J].Proceedings of the International Symposium on Experimental Determination of Wind Loads on Civil Engineering Structures,1991:101―111.
[4]Sollenberger N J,Scanlan R H.Pressure-difference measurements across the shell of a full-scale natural draft cooling tower[C]//Proceedings of the Symposium on Full-Scale Measurements of Wind Effects.Canada:University of Western Ontario,1974.
[5]Rafat A W.Crosswinds effect on the performance of natural draft wet cooling towers[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2010,49(1):218―224.
[6]徐亚洲,白国良.随机风荷载作用下超大型冷却塔结构屈曲分析[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,33(4):60―64.Xu Yazhou,Bai Guoliang.Analysis of buckling bearing capacity for super large cooling towers subj ected to random wind loading[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural&Environmental Engineering,2011,33(4):60―64.(in Chinese)
[7]柯世堂,赵林,葛耀君.超大型冷却塔结构风振与地震作用影响比较[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2010,42(10):1635―1641.Ke Shitang,Zhao Lin,Ge Yaojun.Comparison of super-large cooling towers under earthquake excitation and wind load[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2010,42(10):1635―1641.(in Chinese)
[8]刘天成,赵林,丁志斌.圆形截面冷却塔不同表面粗糙度时绕流特性的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2006,36(增刊):301―304.Liu Tiancheng,Zhao Lin,Ding Zhibin.Test research of flow feature for hyperbolic circular section cooling tower with different superficial roughness[J].Industrial Construction,2006,36(Suppl):301―304.(in Chinese)
[9]赵林,宋锦忠,高玲,等.冷却塔群塔刚体测压试验研究[J].实验流体力学,2007,21(2):56―63.Zhao Lin,Song jinzhong,Gao Ling,et al.External pressure tests of several neighbored cooling towers[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2007,21(2):56―63.(in Chinese)
[10]沈国辉,刘若斐,孙炳楠.双塔情况下冷却塔风荷载的数值模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(6):1017―1023.Shen Guohui,Liu Ruofei,Sun Bingnan.Numerical simulation of wind load on cooling towers under double tower condition[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(6):1017―1023.(in Chinese)
[11]郎路光.多种荷载组合下超大型空冷塔筒体静力响应与可靠度分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.Lang Luguang.Static response and reliability analysis of super-large air cooling towers tube under combination of multiple loads[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[2]Niemann H J.Wind effects on cooling-tower shells[J].Joural of the Structural Division,1980,106(3):643―661.
[3]Niemann H J,Kasperski M.Assessment of wind loads on cooling towers[J].Proceedings of the International Symposium on Experimental Determination of Wind Loads on Civil Engineering Structures,1991:101―111.
[4]Sollenberger N J,Scanlan R H.Pressure-difference measurements across the shell of a full-scale natural draft cooling tower[C]//Proceedings of the Symposium on Full-Scale Measurements of Wind Effects.Canada:University of Western Ontario,1974.
[5]Rafat A W.Crosswinds effect on the performance of natural draft wet cooling towers[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2010,49(1):218―224.
[6]徐亚洲,白国良.随机风荷载作用下超大型冷却塔结构屈曲分析[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,33(4):60―64.Xu Yazhou,Bai Guoliang.Analysis of buckling bearing capacity for super large cooling towers subj ected to random wind loading[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural&Environmental Engineering,2011,33(4):60―64.(in Chinese)
[7]柯世堂,赵林,葛耀君.超大型冷却塔结构风振与地震作用影响比较[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2010,42(10):1635―1641.Ke Shitang,Zhao Lin,Ge Yaojun.Comparison of super-large cooling towers under earthquake excitation and wind load[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2010,42(10):1635―1641.(in Chinese)
[8]刘天成,赵林,丁志斌.圆形截面冷却塔不同表面粗糙度时绕流特性的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2006,36(增刊):301―304.Liu Tiancheng,Zhao Lin,Ding Zhibin.Test research of flow feature for hyperbolic circular section cooling tower with different superficial roughness[J].Industrial Construction,2006,36(Suppl):301―304.(in Chinese)
[9]赵林,宋锦忠,高玲,等.冷却塔群塔刚体测压试验研究[J].实验流体力学,2007,21(2):56―63.Zhao Lin,Song jinzhong,Gao Ling,et al.External pressure tests of several neighbored cooling towers[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2007,21(2):56―63.(in Chinese)
[10]沈国辉,刘若斐,孙炳楠.双塔情况下冷却塔风荷载的数值模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(6):1017―1023.Shen Guohui,Liu Ruofei,Sun Bingnan.Numerical simulation of wind load on cooling towers under double tower condition[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(6):1017―1023.(in Chinese)
[11]郎路光.多种荷载组合下超大型空冷塔筒体静力响应与可靠度分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.Lang Luguang.Static response and reliability analysis of super-large air cooling towers tube under combination of multiple loads[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)