滇西北峨眉山玄武岩与冈达概组下段玄武岩对比研究
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摘要
研究区峨眉山玄武岩分布于扬子地块西缘,冈达概组分布于其邻区的中咱微陆块。峨眉山玄武岩与冈达概组下段玄武岩均具有富碱、高钛特征,大部分属于碱性玄武岩系列,峨眉山玄武岩Mg#变化范围为0.31~0.70,属于适度演化过的岩浆,冈达概组下段玄武岩Mg#=0.34~0.43。总体上,冈达概组下段玄武岩比峨眉山玄武岩更富Ti,高FeO*,低MgO,低SiO2。两组玄武岩均有轻稀土强烈富集的特征,富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,但部分具有Sr、Zr负异常,均属板内玄武岩,岩浆来源于富集地幔,在地幔柱作用下产生。峨眉山玄武岩Rb、Ba有明显的波动,可能是受到源区混染作用影响,其微量元素比值表现出EM1-OIB与EM2-OIB的混合特征,起源于石榴石二辉橄榄岩,熔融程度为4%~7%。冈达概组下段玄武岩元素比值较稳定,与EM1-OIB具有很大的相似性,也起源于石榴石稳定区,其形成深度比峨眉山玄武岩深,熔融程度较低,为2%~5%,可能是产生于地幔柱边缘。中咱微陆块、扬子地台西缘的二叠系玄武岩源区物质均受峨眉山地幔柱影响,具有很大的亲源性,峨眉山地幔柱的活动为板块的裂解提供了动力。
The Jiulong Emeishan basalt is distributed on the western margin of Yangtze block,and the Gangdagai Formation baslat is distributed in Zhongza massif in the neighborhood of Yangtze block.They both have rich alkali,high titanium characteristics,thus mostly belonging to the alkaline basalt series.On the whole,Gangdagai Formation basalt exhibits richer Ti,higher FeO*,lower MgO,lower SiO2 and lower Mg#(0.34~0.43).Jiulong Emeishan basalt exhibits higher Mg#(0.31~0.70),thus belonging to the moderate evolution magma.The two groups of basalt are both characterized by strong enrichment of light rare earth elements,and enrichment of LILE and HFSE(Th,Ta,Nb,Hf),partly with Sr,Zr negative anomalies,hence belonging to the plate basalts derived from the enriched mantle under the influence of mantle plume.Rb,Ba in Jiulong Emeishan basalt show obvious fluctuation,probably influenced by source area contamination;the trace element ratios show features of EM1-OIB and EM2-OIB mixture,suggesting the origination from garnet lherzolite,with molten degree being 4%~7%.The element ratios of lower Gangdagai Formation basalt are stable,and EM1-OIB shows great similarities,suggesting that its formation depth was deeper than that of Jiulong Emeishan basalt,that its origination was from an garnet stable region with low molten degree(2%~5%),and that it was produced at the mantle plume edge.The source area materials of basalt distributed in Zhongza massif and the western margin of Yangzi landmass were influenced by Emeishan mantle plume,with obvious familiarity,and the activities of Emeishan mantle plume provided power for plate splitting.
The Jiulong Emeishan basalt is distributed on the western margin of Yangtze block,and the Gangdagai Formation baslat is distributed in Zhongza massif in the neighborhood of Yangtze block.They both have rich alkali,high titanium characteristics,thus mostly belonging to the alkaline basalt series.On the whole,Gangdagai Formation basalt exhibits richer Ti,higher FeO*,lower MgO,lower SiO2 and lower Mg#(0.34~0.43).Jiulong Emeishan basalt exhibits higher Mg#(0.31~0.70),thus belonging to the moderate evolution magma.The two groups of basalt are both characterized by strong enrichment of light rare earth elements,and enrichment of LILE and HFSE(Th,Ta,Nb,Hf),partly with Sr,Zr negative anomalies,hence belonging to the plate basalts derived from the enriched mantle under the influence of mantle plume.Rb,Ba in Jiulong Emeishan basalt show obvious fluctuation,probably influenced by source area contamination;the trace element ratios show features of EM1-OIB and EM2-OIB mixture,suggesting the origination from garnet lherzolite,with molten degree being 4%~7%.The element ratios of lower Gangdagai Formation basalt are stable,and EM1-OIB shows great similarities,suggesting that its formation depth was deeper than that of Jiulong Emeishan basalt,that its origination was from an garnet stable region with low molten degree(2%~5%),and that it was produced at the mantle plume edge.The source area materials of basalt distributed in Zhongza massif and the western margin of Yangzi landmass were influenced by Emeishan mantle plume,with obvious familiarity,and the activities of Emeishan mantle plume provided power for plate splitting.
引文
①云南省区域地质矿产调查大队.2003.中甸县幅、贡山县幅1∶25万区调报告.
①云南省区域地质矿产调查大队.2003.中甸县幅、贡山县幅1∶25万区调报告.
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①云南省区域地质矿产调查大队.2003.中甸县幅、贡山县幅1∶25万区调报告.
①云南省区域地质矿产调查大队.2003.中甸县幅、贡山县幅1∶25万区调报告.
①云南省区域地质矿产调查大队.2003.中甸县幅、贡山县幅1∶25万区调报告.
Baker M B and Stolper E M.1994.Determining the composition of high pressure mantle melts using diamond aggregates[J].Geochim.Cos-mochim.Acta,58:2 812~2 815.
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Hess P C.1992.Phase equilibrua constraints on th origin of ocean floor basalts[A].Morgan J P,Blackman D K&Sinton J K.Mantle flow and Melt Generation at Mid-Ocean Ridges[C].Geophysical Momograph,American Geophysical Union,71:67~102.
Hirose K and Kushiro I.1993.Partial melting of dry peridotites at high pressure:determination of compositions of melts segregated from peridotite using aggregates of diamond[J].Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.,114:477~489.
Hou Zengqian,Lu Jiren,Li Hongyang,et al.1996a.Tectonic evolu-tion of the tethys in Southwestern China:Is Controlled by Plume Tectonics[J].Acta Geosicientia Sinica,(4):439~453(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Hou Zengqian,Mo Xuanxue,Zhu Qinwen,et al.1996b.Mantle Plume in the Sanjiang Paleo-Tethyan lithosphere evidence from Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts[J].Acta Geosicientia Sinica,(4):362~375(in Ch-i nese with English abstract).
Jiang Changyi,Qian Zhuangzhi,Jiang Hanbing,et al.2007.Petrogen-esis and source characteristics of low-Ti basalts and picrites at Binchuan-Yongsheng-Lijiang region,Yunnan,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(04):777~792(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Kirose K and Kushiro I.1993.Partial melting of dry periodotites at high pressure:determination of compositions of melts segregates from pe-riodotite using aggregates of diamond[J].Earth Planet Sci.Lett.,114:477~489.
Lassiter J C and Depaolo D J.1997.plume/lithosphere interaction in the generation of continentaland oeeanic flood basalts:Chemical and iso-tope constraints[A].Mahoney J.Iarge Igneous Provinces:Cont-i nental,Oceanic,and Planetary Flood Voleanism[C].Geophysical Monography 100,American Geophysical Union,335~355.
Le Bas M J,Le Maitre R W,Sreckeisen A,et al.1986.A Chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on total alkal-i silica diagram[J].Journal of Petrology,27:745~750.
Li Wenchang,Yin Guanghou,Lu Yingxiang,et al.2010.Delineation ofHongshan-Shude opiolite melange in Gezavolcanic-magmatic arc and its significance,southwest“Jinsha-Lancang-Nu rivers”[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,26(6):1 661~1 671(in Chinese with English abstract).
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