云南子尼铜矿床地质特征及深部找矿前景
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摘要
为进一步指导云南省香格里拉子尼铜矿床深部找矿工作,首先系统分析了矿区成矿地质背景及相邻矿区成矿规律;然后通过已施工的156个钻孔的岩芯编录及矿区地质填图,总结了矿体产出特征、控矿因素、蚀变特征等矿床地质特征;最后对矿床成因及深部找矿前景进行了探讨,结果表明:1子尼铜矿床矿体形态主要受断层破碎带控制,成矿物质由深部沿构造破碎带上升至浅部并在破碎带拐弯、变缓处成矿。2由甘孜—理塘洋壳俯冲至中咱陆块下产生的挤压断层既为控矿构造又为破矿构造,表明子尼铜矿的形成与义敦岛弧印支期—燕山期大规模构造-岩浆活动有关,贯穿整个破碎带的绿泥石化、绢云母化、硅化及碳酸盐化等中—低温热液蚀变特征表明矿区成矿流体为中—低温性质。3综合蚀变特征及构造特征认为,矿区深部上三叠统哈工组三段(T3ha3)与上三叠统哈工组二段(T3ha2)的岩性接触面、与断层有关的拐弯及断坪—断坡等位置成矿潜力巨大,是最有利于进一步勘探的部位。
In order to provide reference for the deep prospecting work of the Zini copper deposit,firstly,the regional oreforming geological background and the metallogenic regularity of the adjacent mining area are analyzed comprehensively; then,based on the core logging of the 156 drills that are already constructed and geological mapping of the mining area,the deposit geological characteristics such as ore-body occurrence characteristics,ore-controlling factors,alteration characteristics are summarized systematically; finally,based on the metallogenic geological background and deposit geological charactersitcs,the deposit genesis and deep prospecting prospect of the the Zini copper deposit are discussed in depth. The results show that: 1the morphology of the ore-body of the Zini copper deposit is mainly controlled by fault fracture zone,the metallogenic materials along the fault fracture zone from the deep to the shallow and mineralized in the corner of the fault fracture zone. 2the extruded fault that is the production of the subduction between Garze-Litang oceanic crust and the Zhongza block is not noly the ore-controlling fracture but also the destructive fracture,it show that the genesis of Zini copper deposit is closely related to the largescale tectono-magmatic activities of the Yidun island area Indo-Yanshan epoch,the middle-low temperature hydrothermal alteration characteristics of chloritization,sericitization,silicification and carbonatization which are throughout the fracture zone indicate that the ore-forming fluid with the middle-low temperature magmatic hydrothermal characteristics. 3Based on the alteration and structural characteristics,it is pointed out that the lithologic contact surface of the top part of the upper triassic Hagong formation( T3ha3) and the middle part of the Hagong formation( T3ha2) and the corner of the fault and the flat-ramp have great metallogenic potential,they can be regarded as the most favorable position for the further detailed exploration work.
In order to provide reference for the deep prospecting work of the Zini copper deposit,firstly,the regional oreforming geological background and the metallogenic regularity of the adjacent mining area are analyzed comprehensively; then,based on the core logging of the 156 drills that are already constructed and geological mapping of the mining area,the deposit geological characteristics such as ore-body occurrence characteristics,ore-controlling factors,alteration characteristics are summarized systematically; finally,based on the metallogenic geological background and deposit geological charactersitcs,the deposit genesis and deep prospecting prospect of the the Zini copper deposit are discussed in depth. The results show that: 1the morphology of the ore-body of the Zini copper deposit is mainly controlled by fault fracture zone,the metallogenic materials along the fault fracture zone from the deep to the shallow and mineralized in the corner of the fault fracture zone. 2the extruded fault that is the production of the subduction between Garze-Litang oceanic crust and the Zhongza block is not noly the ore-controlling fracture but also the destructive fracture,it show that the genesis of Zini copper deposit is closely related to the largescale tectono-magmatic activities of the Yidun island area Indo-Yanshan epoch,the middle-low temperature hydrothermal alteration characteristics of chloritization,sericitization,silicification and carbonatization which are throughout the fracture zone indicate that the ore-forming fluid with the middle-low temperature magmatic hydrothermal characteristics. 3Based on the alteration and structural characteristics,it is pointed out that the lithologic contact surface of the top part of the upper triassic Hagong formation( T3ha3) and the middle part of the Hagong formation( T3ha2) and the corner of the fault and the flat-ramp have great metallogenic potential,they can be regarded as the most favorable position for the further detailed exploration work.
引文
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[11]李文昌,刘学龙.云南普朗斑岩型铜矿田构造岩相成矿规律与控矿特征[J].地学前缘,2015,22(4):53-66.Li Wenchang,Liu Xuelong.The metallogenic regularity related to the tectonic and petrographic features of Pulang porphyry copper orefield,Yunnan Province,and its ore-controlling characteristics[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(4):53-66.
[12]彭惠娟,李洪英,裴荣富,等.云南中甸红牛—红山矽卡岩型铜矿床矿物学特征与成矿作用[J].岩石学报,2014,30(1):237-256.Peng Huijuan,Li Hongying,Pei Rongfu,et al.Mineralogical characteristics and metallogeny of the Hongniu-Hongshan copper deposit in Zhongdian Area,Yunnan Province,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(1):237-256.
[13]李艳军,魏俊浩,李欢,等.义敦岛弧带夏塞银铅锌矿床地质、物化探特征及综合找矿模型[J].中国地质,2014,41(5):1636-1649.Li Yanjun,Wei Junhao,Li Huan,et al.Geophysical and geochemical characteristics and comprehensive prospecting model of the Xiasai Ag-Pb-Zn deposit in the Yindun Island Arc[J].Geology in China,2014,41(5):1636-1649.
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[15]潘桂棠,徐强,王立全.青藏高原多岛弧-盆系格局机制[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3):186-189.Pan Guitang,Xu Qiang,Wang Liquan.The frame mechanism of multiple island arc-basin system in Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of ineralogy and Petrology,2001,21(3):186-189.
[16]潘桂棠,王立全,李兴振,等.青藏高原区域构造格局及其多岛弧盆系的空间配置[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(3):1-26.Pan Guitang,Wang Liquan,Li Xingzhen,et al.The tectonic framework and spatial allocation of the archipelagic arc-basin systems on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2001,21(3):1-26.
[17]冷成彪,张兴春,王守旭,等.云南中甸地区两个斑岩铜矿容矿斑岩的地球化学特征——以雪鸡坪和普朗斑岩铜矿床为例[J].矿物学报,2007,27(3):414-422.Leng Chengbiao,Zhang Xingchun,Wang Shouxu,et al.Geochemical characteristics of porphyry copper deposits in the Zhongdian Area,Yunnan as exemplified by the Xuejiping and Pulang pophyry copper deposits[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2007,27(3):414-422.
[18]尹光候,杨淑胜.中甸雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿地质及找矿远景[J].云南地质,2008,27(1):27-34.Yin Guanghou,Yang Shusheng.The geology of Xuejiping porphyry copper deposit in Zhongdian[J].Yunnan Geology,2008,27(1):27-34.
[2]任江波,许继峰,陈建林,等.“三江”地区中甸弧普朗成矿斑岩地球化学特征及其成因[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2011,30(4):581-592.Ren Jiangbo,Xu Jifeng,Chen Jianlin,et al.Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Pulang porphyries in Sanjiang Region[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2011,30(4):581-592.
[3]曾普胜,莫宣学,喻学惠,等.滇西北中甸斑岩及斑岩铜矿[J].矿床地质,2003,22(4):393-400.Zeng Pusheng,Mo Xuanxue,Yu Xuehui,et al.Porphyries and porphyry copper deposit in Zhongdian Area,Northwestern Yunnan Province[J].Mineral Deposits,2003,22(4):393-400.
[4]范玉华,李文昌.云南普朗斑岩铜矿床地质特征[J].中国地质,2006,33(2):352-362.Fan Yuhua,Li Wenchang.Geological characteristics of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit,Yunnan Province[J].Geology in China,2006,33(2):352-362.
[5]曾普胜,李文昌,王海平,等.云南普朗印支期超大型斑岩铜矿床:岩石学及年代学特征[J].岩石学报,2006,22(4):989-1000.Zeng Pusheng,Li Wenchang,Wang Haiping,et al.The indosinian Pulang superlarge porphyry copper deposit in Yunnan Province,China:petrology and chronology[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(4):989-1000.
[6]侯增谦,杨岳清,曲晓明,等.三江地区义敦岛弧造山带演化和成矿系统[J].地质学报,2004,78(1):109-120.Hou Zengqian,Yang Yueqing,Qu Xiaoming,et al.Tectonic evolution and mineralization systems of the Yidun Arc Orogen in Sanjiang Region[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(1):109-120.
[7]杨岳清,侯增谦,黄典豪,等.中甸弧碰撞造山作用和岩浆成矿系统[J].地球学报,2002,23(1):17-24.Yang Yueqing,Hou Zengqian,Huang Dianhao,et al.Collision orogenic process and magmatic metallogenic system in Zhongdian Arc[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2002,23(1):17-24.
[8]李文昌,尹光侯,余海军,等.滇西北格咱火山-岩浆弧斑岩成矿作用[J].岩石学报,2011,27(9):2541-2552.Li Wenchang,Yin Guanghou,Yu Haijun,et al.The porphyry metallogenesis of Geza volcanic magmatic arc in Northwestern Yunnan Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(9):2541-2552.
[9]王承洋,李文昌,王可勇,等.滇西北雪鸡坪铜矿床流体包裹体特征研究及矿床成因讨论[J].岩石学报,2015,31(4):967-978.Wang Chengyang,Li Wenchang,Wang Keyong,et al.Characteristics of fluid inclusions and genesis of Xuejiping copper deposit in Northwestern Yunnan Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2015,31(4):967-978.
[10]刘学龙,李文昌,尹光侯,等.云南格咱岛弧普朗斑岩型铜矿年代学、岩石矿物学及地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3049-3064.Liu Xuelong,Li Wenchang,Yin Guanghou,et al.The geochronology,mineralogy and geochemistry study of the Pulang porphyry copper deposits in Geza Arc of Yunnan Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3049-3064.
[11]李文昌,刘学龙.云南普朗斑岩型铜矿田构造岩相成矿规律与控矿特征[J].地学前缘,2015,22(4):53-66.Li Wenchang,Liu Xuelong.The metallogenic regularity related to the tectonic and petrographic features of Pulang porphyry copper orefield,Yunnan Province,and its ore-controlling characteristics[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(4):53-66.
[12]彭惠娟,李洪英,裴荣富,等.云南中甸红牛—红山矽卡岩型铜矿床矿物学特征与成矿作用[J].岩石学报,2014,30(1):237-256.Peng Huijuan,Li Hongying,Pei Rongfu,et al.Mineralogical characteristics and metallogeny of the Hongniu-Hongshan copper deposit in Zhongdian Area,Yunnan Province,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(1):237-256.
[13]李艳军,魏俊浩,李欢,等.义敦岛弧带夏塞银铅锌矿床地质、物化探特征及综合找矿模型[J].中国地质,2014,41(5):1636-1649.Li Yanjun,Wei Junhao,Li Huan,et al.Geophysical and geochemical characteristics and comprehensive prospecting model of the Xiasai Ag-Pb-Zn deposit in the Yindun Island Arc[J].Geology in China,2014,41(5):1636-1649.
[14]李艳军,魏俊浩,陈华勇,等.义敦岛弧带夏塞早白垩世A型花岗岩成因:锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素制约[J].大地构造与成矿学,2014,38(4):939-953.Li Yanjun,Wei Junhao,Chen Huayong,et al.Petrogenesis of the Xiasai early cretaceous A-type granite from the Yidun Island Arc Belt,Southwest China:constraints from Zircon U-Pb age,geochemistry and Hf isotope[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2014,38(4):939-953.
[15]潘桂棠,徐强,王立全.青藏高原多岛弧-盆系格局机制[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3):186-189.Pan Guitang,Xu Qiang,Wang Liquan.The frame mechanism of multiple island arc-basin system in Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of ineralogy and Petrology,2001,21(3):186-189.
[16]潘桂棠,王立全,李兴振,等.青藏高原区域构造格局及其多岛弧盆系的空间配置[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(3):1-26.Pan Guitang,Wang Liquan,Li Xingzhen,et al.The tectonic framework and spatial allocation of the archipelagic arc-basin systems on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2001,21(3):1-26.
[17]冷成彪,张兴春,王守旭,等.云南中甸地区两个斑岩铜矿容矿斑岩的地球化学特征——以雪鸡坪和普朗斑岩铜矿床为例[J].矿物学报,2007,27(3):414-422.Leng Chengbiao,Zhang Xingchun,Wang Shouxu,et al.Geochemical characteristics of porphyry copper deposits in the Zhongdian Area,Yunnan as exemplified by the Xuejiping and Pulang pophyry copper deposits[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2007,27(3):414-422.
[18]尹光候,杨淑胜.中甸雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿地质及找矿远景[J].云南地质,2008,27(1):27-34.Yin Guanghou,Yang Shusheng.The geology of Xuejiping porphyry copper deposit in Zhongdian[J].Yunnan Geology,2008,27(1):27-34.