遮阴对欧洲鹅耳枥变色期叶色及生理的影响
|
摘要
为探寻不同光照强度下欧洲鹅耳枥Carpinus betulus及其不同园艺品种(种)Carpinus betulus‘Beekman’、Carpinus betulus‘Frans Fontaine’、Carpinus betulus‘Lucas’的叶色及其生理变化,筛选适宜的光照强度及变色效果更好、观赏价值更高的品种,以4个欧洲鹅耳枥品种(种)为试验材料,通过不同梯度的遮阴处理,营造不同的光照强度,而后对其叶片进行叶色及生理指标的动态观测,并进行方差与相关性分析。结果表明:各欧洲鹅耳枥叶色转变的根本原因均是类胡萝卜素与叶绿素比值的升高,表现为类胡萝卜素较叶绿素稳定,分解较慢,导致类胡萝卜素在色素中的比例占优,进而叶色转黄。相关性分析显示,叶绿素总量、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷、可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉、可溶性蛋白之间呈极显著的线性相关(P<0.01),其中可溶性蛋白与其他指标为极显著负相关。结论:4个欧洲鹅耳枥品种(种)变色期存在差异,在全光照条件下有最佳的叶色表达效果,在南京地区Carpinus betulus、Carpinus betulus‘Beekman’、Carpinus betulus‘Frans Fontaine’作为园林秋叶树种有较长观赏期,类胡萝卜素是其呈色基础,叶色变换会影响可溶性糖、淀粉、蛋白质的积累。
In order to explore the leaf color and physiological changes of Carpinus betulus under different light intensities,to provide a reference for screening suitable light intensity and better color changing and ornamental varieties. Four Carpinus betulus varieties(species) were used as experimental materials to create different light intensities by shading treatment with different gradients. Leaf color dynamics of chlorophyll, chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugar, starch, protein content determination, variance and correlation analysis. The results showed that the root cause of leaf color change of Carpinus betulus was the increase of carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio, which showed that carotenoids were more stable than chlorophyll and decomposed more slowly, resulting in the predominance of carotenoids, turn yellow. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant linear correlation between total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, soluble sugar,soluble starch and soluble protein(P < 0.01), and the soluble protein was significantly negatively correlated with other indexes. There are differences in the color changing period of four Carpinus betulus species, and the best leaf color expression under full light conditions. Original, Beekman, Frans Fontaine as the ornamental tree species in Nanjing have long ornamental period, Carotenoid is the basis of its color, color change will affect the soluble sugar, starch, protein accumulation.
In order to explore the leaf color and physiological changes of Carpinus betulus under different light intensities,to provide a reference for screening suitable light intensity and better color changing and ornamental varieties. Four Carpinus betulus varieties(species) were used as experimental materials to create different light intensities by shading treatment with different gradients. Leaf color dynamics of chlorophyll, chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugar, starch, protein content determination, variance and correlation analysis. The results showed that the root cause of leaf color change of Carpinus betulus was the increase of carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio, which showed that carotenoids were more stable than chlorophyll and decomposed more slowly, resulting in the predominance of carotenoids, turn yellow. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant linear correlation between total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, soluble sugar,soluble starch and soluble protein(P < 0.01), and the soluble protein was significantly negatively correlated with other indexes. There are differences in the color changing period of four Carpinus betulus species, and the best leaf color expression under full light conditions. Original, Beekman, Frans Fontaine as the ornamental tree species in Nanjing have long ornamental period, Carotenoid is the basis of its color, color change will affect the soluble sugar, starch, protein accumulation.
引文
[1]李红秋,刘石军.光强度和光照时间对色叶树叶色变化的影响[J].植物研究,1998,18(2):58-69.
[2]王亚芸,王立英,任建武,等.金叶榆不同叶位叶片呈色生理机制研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(16):34-41.
[3]Cronje P J R,Barry G H,Huysamer M.Canopy position affects pigment expression and accumulation of flavedo carbohydrates of‘nules clementine’mandarin fruit,thereby affecting rind condition[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2013,138(3):217-224.
[4]周新华,桂尚上,厉月桥,等.遮光对油茶苗期生长及光合特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(9):23-28.
[5]李晓萍,胡文玉.光和激素在叶片衰老中的作用[J].植物生态学报:英文版,1990(12):957-965.
[6]Gilman Edward F,Watson Dennis G.Carpinus betulus:European Hornbeam[R].UNIVERSITY of FLORIDA:Environmental Horticulture,2014.
[7]祝遵凌,施曼,周琦,等.欧洲鹅耳枥区域化试验及适应性初步评价[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(5):111-117.
[8]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定——丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[9]唐前瑞.红檵木遗传多样性及其叶色变化的生理生化研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2001.
[10]何奕昆,代庆阳,苏学辉.雁来红叶色转变与超微结构及色素含量的关系[J].四川师范学院学报(自然科学版),1995,16(3):195-198.
[11]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:184-195.
[12]李卫星,杨舜博,何智冲,等.植物叶色变化机制研究进展[J].园艺学报,2017,44(9):1811-1824.
[13]陈芳,李旭新,步绍振,等.金叶白蜡色素含量与光合生理指标年变化规律研究[C]//中国园艺学会,北京:中国林业出版社,2013:390-394.
[14]杨露,于晓跃,刘煜光,等.遮阴对2种彩叶风箱果叶色及光合特性的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(5):75-81.
[15]Chalker-scott Linda.Environmental Significance of Anthocyanins in Plant Stress Responses[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,1999,70(1):1-9.
[16]王欢利.黄叶银杏呈色基础及适应性差异[D].南京:南京林业大学,2015.
[17]张敏,黄利斌,周鹏,等.榉树秋季转色期叶色变化的生理生化[J].林业科学,2015,51(8):44-51.
[18]Kozlowski T T,Pallardy S G,Kramer P J.Physiology of woody plants.2nd ed[M].London:Academic Press,1997:411.
[19]Zhang K,Yu H,Shi K,et al.Photo protective Roles of Anthocyanins in Begonia Semperflorens[J].Plant Science,2010,179(3):202-208.
[20]Matile P.Biochemistry of Indian summer:physiology of autumnal leaf coloration[J].Experimental Gerontology,2000,35(2):145-158.
[21]郑云普,王贺新,娄鑫,等.木本植物非结构性碳水化合物变化及其影响因子研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):261-269.
[22]Schaberg P G,Berg A K V D,Murakami P F,et al.Factors Influencing Red Expression in Autumn Foliage of Sugar Maple Trees[J].Tree Physiology,2003,23(5):325-333.
[23]王冬雪,德永军,施翔,等.4个枫香家系在不同环境下的叶色变化[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):503-510.
[24]程龙霞,祝遵凌,徐惠群,等.欧洲鹅耳枥秋冬变色期叶色变化的生理特性研究[J].西部林业科学,2014,43(6):143-147.
[25]冯强,刘宁,王暾.不同森林光环境下4种灌木1年生幼苗形态和光合生理特性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(5):93-101.
[26]Park C,Ho C,Jeong S,et al.Spatial and Temporal Changes in Leaf Coloring Date of Acer Palmatum and Ginkgo Biloba in Response to Temperature Increases in South Korea[J].Plos One,2017,12(3):e0174390.
[27]隋利,王康才,梁永富,等.紫苏叶片解剖结构、花色苷含量与光合特性的关系[J].生态学杂志,2017(6):1590-1596.
[2]王亚芸,王立英,任建武,等.金叶榆不同叶位叶片呈色生理机制研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(16):34-41.
[3]Cronje P J R,Barry G H,Huysamer M.Canopy position affects pigment expression and accumulation of flavedo carbohydrates of‘nules clementine’mandarin fruit,thereby affecting rind condition[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2013,138(3):217-224.
[4]周新华,桂尚上,厉月桥,等.遮光对油茶苗期生长及光合特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(9):23-28.
[5]李晓萍,胡文玉.光和激素在叶片衰老中的作用[J].植物生态学报:英文版,1990(12):957-965.
[6]Gilman Edward F,Watson Dennis G.Carpinus betulus:European Hornbeam[R].UNIVERSITY of FLORIDA:Environmental Horticulture,2014.
[7]祝遵凌,施曼,周琦,等.欧洲鹅耳枥区域化试验及适应性初步评价[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(5):111-117.
[8]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定——丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[9]唐前瑞.红檵木遗传多样性及其叶色变化的生理生化研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2001.
[10]何奕昆,代庆阳,苏学辉.雁来红叶色转变与超微结构及色素含量的关系[J].四川师范学院学报(自然科学版),1995,16(3):195-198.
[11]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:184-195.
[12]李卫星,杨舜博,何智冲,等.植物叶色变化机制研究进展[J].园艺学报,2017,44(9):1811-1824.
[13]陈芳,李旭新,步绍振,等.金叶白蜡色素含量与光合生理指标年变化规律研究[C]//中国园艺学会,北京:中国林业出版社,2013:390-394.
[14]杨露,于晓跃,刘煜光,等.遮阴对2种彩叶风箱果叶色及光合特性的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(5):75-81.
[15]Chalker-scott Linda.Environmental Significance of Anthocyanins in Plant Stress Responses[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,1999,70(1):1-9.
[16]王欢利.黄叶银杏呈色基础及适应性差异[D].南京:南京林业大学,2015.
[17]张敏,黄利斌,周鹏,等.榉树秋季转色期叶色变化的生理生化[J].林业科学,2015,51(8):44-51.
[18]Kozlowski T T,Pallardy S G,Kramer P J.Physiology of woody plants.2nd ed[M].London:Academic Press,1997:411.
[19]Zhang K,Yu H,Shi K,et al.Photo protective Roles of Anthocyanins in Begonia Semperflorens[J].Plant Science,2010,179(3):202-208.
[20]Matile P.Biochemistry of Indian summer:physiology of autumnal leaf coloration[J].Experimental Gerontology,2000,35(2):145-158.
[21]郑云普,王贺新,娄鑫,等.木本植物非结构性碳水化合物变化及其影响因子研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):261-269.
[22]Schaberg P G,Berg A K V D,Murakami P F,et al.Factors Influencing Red Expression in Autumn Foliage of Sugar Maple Trees[J].Tree Physiology,2003,23(5):325-333.
[23]王冬雪,德永军,施翔,等.4个枫香家系在不同环境下的叶色变化[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):503-510.
[24]程龙霞,祝遵凌,徐惠群,等.欧洲鹅耳枥秋冬变色期叶色变化的生理特性研究[J].西部林业科学,2014,43(6):143-147.
[25]冯强,刘宁,王暾.不同森林光环境下4种灌木1年生幼苗形态和光合生理特性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(5):93-101.
[26]Park C,Ho C,Jeong S,et al.Spatial and Temporal Changes in Leaf Coloring Date of Acer Palmatum and Ginkgo Biloba in Response to Temperature Increases in South Korea[J].Plos One,2017,12(3):e0174390.
[27]隋利,王康才,梁永富,等.紫苏叶片解剖结构、花色苷含量与光合特性的关系[J].生态学杂志,2017(6):1590-1596.