河水渗流对旱季砂土区杆塔接地电阻的影响研究
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摘要
为研究旱季砂土地区河水渗流对附近杆塔接地电阻的影响,采用实验结合有限元方法研究了渗流的发展规律及土壤电阻率分布,在CDEGS中构建接地模型,计算渗流存在时对杆塔接地电阻的影响,为此引入渗流系数的概念,定义渗流系数为渗流存在与无渗流下的接地电阻比值。研究表明:旱季砂土电阻率对水分十分敏感,渗流会改变土壤饱和度的分布,引起土壤电阻率降低,使接地电阻下降;离河道越远,杆塔接地电阻越大,渗流系数越大,渗流系数呈上升缓慢-迅速-缓慢的趋势,320 m外渗流无影响。
In order to study the influence of river water seepage on the ground resistance of nearby tower in dry season,the development law of the seepage and the soil resistivity distribution were studied by the experiment and the finite element method.The grounding model was built in CDEGS to calculate the influence of the seepage on the grounding resistance of the tower.Therefore,the concept of seepage coefficient was introduced,which defined as the ratio of the ground resistance under the condition of seepage and no seepage.The results showed that the resistivity of sand during dry season was very sensitive to moisture,and the seepage would change the distribution of soil saturation so that led to the decrease of soil resistivity and the decrease of grounding resistance.The farther away from the riverway,the greater the grounding resistance of the tower and the greater the coefficient of seepage.The seepage coefficient increased slowly,rapidly and slowly as the distance increasing.The seepage had no effect at 320 meters.
In order to study the influence of river water seepage on the ground resistance of nearby tower in dry season,the development law of the seepage and the soil resistivity distribution were studied by the experiment and the finite element method.The grounding model was built in CDEGS to calculate the influence of the seepage on the grounding resistance of the tower.Therefore,the concept of seepage coefficient was introduced,which defined as the ratio of the ground resistance under the condition of seepage and no seepage.The results showed that the resistivity of sand during dry season was very sensitive to moisture,and the seepage would change the distribution of soil saturation so that led to the decrease of soil resistivity and the decrease of grounding resistance.The farther away from the riverway,the greater the grounding resistance of the tower and the greater the coefficient of seepage.The seepage coefficient increased slowly,rapidly and slowly as the distance increasing.The seepage had no effect at 320 meters.
引文
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[16]熊勇林,朱合华,叶冠林,等.降雨入渗引起非饱和土边坡破坏的水-土-气三相渗流-变形耦合有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2017,38(1):284-290.XIONG Yonglin,ZHU Gehua,YE Guanlin,et al.Analysis of failure of unsaturated soil slope due to rainfall based on soil-water-air seepage-deformation coupling FEM[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(1):284-290.
[17]苏立海,姚志华,黄雪峰,等.自重湿陷性黄土场地的水分运移规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(S2):4328-4336.SU Lihai,YAO Zhihua,HUANG Xuefeng,et al.Water migration regularity of self weight collapsible loess ground[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S2):4328-4336.
[2]孙为民,何金良,曾嵘,等.季节因素对发变电站接地系统安全性能的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(1):16-19.SUN Weimin,HE Jinliang,ZENG Rong,et al.Influence of seasonal factor on safety of grounding system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2000,20(1):16-19.
[3]何金良,曾嵘.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[4]李景禄,胡毅,刘春生.实用电力接地技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.
[5]曾嵘,何金良,高延庆,等.垂直接地极对接地系统电气性能的影响[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2001,41(3):25-27,31.ZENG Rong,HE Jinliang,GAO Yanqing,et al.Influence of vertical grounding electrodes on electrical characteristics of grounding systems[J].Journal of Tsinghua U-niversity(Science and Technology),2001,41(3):25-27,31.
[6]MENG Qb,HE Jl,DAWALIBI F P,et al.A new method to decrease ground resistances of substation grounding systems in high resistivity regions[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1999,14(3):911-916.
[7]HE Jl,YU G,YUAN Jp,et al.Decreasing grounding resistance of subs-tation by deep-ground-well method[J].IEEE Transations on Power Delivery,2005,20(2):738-744.
[8]张波,蒋愉宽,杨建军,等.接地材料对大型水电站接地阻抗的影响[J].高电压技术,2013,39(4):964-969.ZHANG Bo,JIANG Yukuan,YANG Jianjun,et al.Influence of the ground material on the ground impedance of large-scale hydropower plant[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(4):964-969.
[9]曾嵘,周佩朋,王森,等.接地模块降阻特性的现场实验与仿真建模[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2112-2119.ZENG Rong,ZHOU Peipeng,WANG Sen,et al.Field test on the reducing resistance natural of grounding module and building of its simulation model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2112-2119.
[10]文习山,郭婷婷,吴小东,等.基于边界元法的江河湖泊对直流接地极设计的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(12):3868-3874.WEN Xishan,GUO Tingting,WU Xiaodong,et al.Influence of rivers and lakes on DC gound pole design based on boundary element method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(12):3868-3874.
[11]靳孟贵,鲜阳,刘延锋.脱节型河流与地下水相互作用研究进展[J].水科学进展,2017,28(1):149-160.JIN Menggui,XIAN Yang,LIU Yanfeng.Disconnected stream and groundwater interaction:a review[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(1):149-160.
[12]徐华山,赵同谦,孟红旗,等.滨河湿地地下水水位变化及其与河水响应关系研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):362-367.XU Huashan,ZHAO Tongqian,MENG Hongqi,et al.Relationship between groundwater level in riparian wetlands and water level in the river[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(2):362-367.
[13]陶月赞,蒋玲.地下水补给对河流污染物浓度衰减过程的影响[J].水利学报,2008,39(2):245-249.TAO Yuezan,JIANG Ling.Influence of groundwater discharge on decay process of contamination concentration in river flow[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(2):245-249.
[14]聂艳侠,胡黎明,温庆博.土壤电阻率与饱和度定量关系的确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(S1):3441-3448.NIE Yanxia,HU Liming,WEN Qingbo.The quantitative relationship of soil resistivity and saturation degree[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S1):3441-3448.
[15]吴志伟,宋汉周.基于Lu模型的浅部地温场与渗流场耦合研究[J].水利学报,2015,46(3):326-333.WU Zhiwei,SONG Hanzhou.Study on shallow geothermal field and seepage field coupling based on Lu model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(3):326-333.
[16]熊勇林,朱合华,叶冠林,等.降雨入渗引起非饱和土边坡破坏的水-土-气三相渗流-变形耦合有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2017,38(1):284-290.XIONG Yonglin,ZHU Gehua,YE Guanlin,et al.Analysis of failure of unsaturated soil slope due to rainfall based on soil-water-air seepage-deformation coupling FEM[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(1):284-290.
[17]苏立海,姚志华,黄雪峰,等.自重湿陷性黄土场地的水分运移规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(S2):4328-4336.SU Lihai,YAO Zhihua,HUANG Xuefeng,et al.Water migration regularity of self weight collapsible loess ground[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S2):4328-4336.