基层护士执业环境影响因素及对策研究
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摘要
[目的]了解长沙市基层护士的执业环境现状。[方法]采取多点横断面研究,运用整群抽样方法,根据马克思理论的生存权、发展权等内容自行设计问卷,对长沙市6个区域共27所基层医院的基层护士进行调查。[结果]基层护士执业环境得分较低,得分为(2.66±0.39)分。多元线性回归分析显示薪酬福利、管理者能力及领导方式、充足的人力和物力、权益保障、自身素质发展、自我成就感、每周工作时长、医院属性8个方面与基层护士执业环境相关。[结论]长沙市不同区域间的基层护士执业环境水平较低,受多种因素制约,制定改善基层护士执业环境应根据各自的特点,从多角度进行个性化干预。
Objective:To understand the status quo of primary nurse practice environment in Changsha.Methods:A multi-point crosssection study,cluster sampling method,self-designed questionnaire based on the right to subsistence and development of Marx′s theory were used to investigate a total of 27 primary hospitals in 6 districts of Changsha.Results:The average score of primary nurses′practice environment was lower(2.66±0.39).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that salary and welfare,managerial ability and leadership style,plenty of manpower and material resources,ensurence of rights and interests,self-quality development,self-fulfillment,weekly working hours and hospital attributes were related to primary nurses′practice environment.Conclusions:There were differences in practice environment among primary nurses in different districts of Changsha,which were restricted by many factors.In order to improve the practice environment of primary nurses,individualized interventions should be carried out from various perspectives according to their respective characteristics.
Objective:To understand the status quo of primary nurse practice environment in Changsha.Methods:A multi-point crosssection study,cluster sampling method,self-designed questionnaire based on the right to subsistence and development of Marx′s theory were used to investigate a total of 27 primary hospitals in 6 districts of Changsha.Results:The average score of primary nurses′practice environment was lower(2.66±0.39).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that salary and welfare,managerial ability and leadership style,plenty of manpower and material resources,ensurence of rights and interests,self-quality development,self-fulfillment,weekly working hours and hospital attributes were related to primary nurses′practice environment.Conclusions:There were differences in practice environment among primary nurses in different districts of Changsha,which were restricted by many factors.In order to improve the practice environment of primary nurses,individualized interventions should be carried out from various perspectives according to their respective characteristics.
引文
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[14]李婷婷.改善护士执业环境关注护士心理健康---访北京大学第六医院院长陆林[J].中国护理管理,2017,17(3):295-296.
[15]张洪福,刘彦慧,杨洋,等.在职护士离职倾向相关因素分析[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(2):155-160.
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[2]梁桂仙,饶艳华.美国护士健康执业环境标准对我国的启示[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2011,32(19):3193-3194.
[3]LAKE E T.Development of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index[J].Research in Nursing&Health,2002,25(3):176.
[4]王丽,李乐之.中文版护理工作环境量表的信效度研究[J].中华护理杂志,2011,46(2):121-123.
[5]梁桂仙,饶艳华,马芳,等.临床护士执业环境影响因素调查研究[J].中国护理管理,2011,11(6):54-56.
[6]何春梅,王礼蓉,张丽红.三级乙等综合医院不同层级护士执业环境测评分析[J].护士进修杂志,2017,32(23):2184-2187.
[7]营晓,张海燕,尚文涵,等.5家大型医院护士执业环境测评结果分析[J].中国护理管理,2016,16(7):873-878.
[8]陈奖国,杨明莹,李斗艳,等.我国基层护理发展的现状及对策[J].全科护理,2017,15(19):2342-2344.
[9]石溪溪.湖南省护士权益维护现状的调查研究[D].长沙:湖南中医药大学,2016.
[10]李婷婷,张立新.院长谈护理职业环境建设[J].中国护理管理,2017,17(7):882-885.
[11]张滢,毛和君,阮丹,等.基层护士留职意愿现状及其影响因素分析[J].护理管理杂志,2014,14(3):161-163.
[12]龚满英,黄远泉,李先荣.深圳市基层护士职业认同及工作压力对职业倦怠的影响研究[J].护理管理杂志,2013,13(1):1-2;10.
[13]张海燕,梁俊卿,么莉,等.我国三级医院护士执业环境的现况研究[J].护理管理杂志,2017,17(5):308-311.
[14]李婷婷.改善护士执业环境关注护士心理健康---访北京大学第六医院院长陆林[J].中国护理管理,2017,17(3):295-296.
[15]张洪福,刘彦慧,杨洋,等.在职护士离职倾向相关因素分析[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(2):155-160.
[16]王京.三级甲等医院护士心理授权与职业疲溃感的调查研究[D].大连:大连医科大学,2014.
[17]张晓曼,王志稳.急诊科护士职业价值观与工作环境的相关性研究[J].中华护理杂志,2014,49(3):312-316.