城市建筑火灾伤亡事故主客体场景指标分析
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摘要
为有效预防与控制城市建筑火灾伤亡事故,探寻城市建筑火灾事故发生的共性,通过查阅国内外相关文献以及对相关事故进行分析,明晰城市建筑火灾伤亡事故场景要素,进行城市建筑火灾伤亡事故主客体场景指标设计研究。从5个维度分析城市建筑火灾伤亡事故类型,并从安全文化、安全管理体系、人的不安全行为及物的不安全状态等4个方面分析事故致因;设计城市建筑火灾伤亡事故的11个主客体场景指标,并构建指标体系,据此突出安全管理工作应关注与重视之处,以减少城市建筑火灾事故的发生。
In order to effectively prevent and control fire casualty accidents in urban buildings and explore its commonness,through consulting relevant literature at home and abroad and analyzing related accidents,the elements of fire casualties scenes in urban buildings were clarified,and the index design of subjective and objective scenes of fire casualties in urban buildings was studied. Firstly,the research object,purpose and method of this paper were defined; secondly,the types of casualties in urban building fires were analyzed from five dimensions,and the causes of accidents were analyzed from four aspects: safety culture,safety management system,unsafe behavior of human beings and unsafe state of objects; lastly,11 scene indicators of fire casualties in urban building were designed,and the indicators were constructed. In order to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents in urban buildings,attention should be paid to safety management.
In order to effectively prevent and control fire casualty accidents in urban buildings and explore its commonness,through consulting relevant literature at home and abroad and analyzing related accidents,the elements of fire casualties scenes in urban buildings were clarified,and the index design of subjective and objective scenes of fire casualties in urban buildings was studied. Firstly,the research object,purpose and method of this paper were defined; secondly,the types of casualties in urban building fires were analyzed from five dimensions,and the causes of accidents were analyzed from four aspects: safety culture,safety management system,unsafe behavior of human beings and unsafe state of objects; lastly,11 scene indicators of fire casualties in urban building were designed,and the indicators were constructed. In order to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents in urban buildings,attention should be paid to safety management.
引文
[1]公安部消防局.火灾统计[EB/OL].[2018-09-20].http://www.119.gov.cn/xiaofang/hztj/index.htm.
[2]龙腾腾,王辉东,王秋华,等.高层建筑火灾事故致因理论模型构建研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):16-20.
[3]高云,张浩,弋俊楠.高层建筑火灾致因因素分析与防火安全对策[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(9):149-153.
[4]WEI Y Y,ZHANG J Y,WANG J.Research on Building Fire Risk Fast Assessment Method Based on Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and SVM[J].Procedia Engineering,2018,211:1141-1150.
[5]SPATENKOVA O,VIRRANTAUS K.Discovering spatiotemporal relationships in the distribution of building fires[J].Fire Safety Journal,2013,62:49-63.
[6]方健,司可.塔式高层建筑火灾应急管理预案研究[J].中国公共安全(学术版),2018(4):46-50.
[7]刘伟.高层建筑火灾致因因素分析与防火安全对策[J].消防界(电子版),2017(11):98-100.
[8]公安部消防局.火案分析[EB/OL].[2018-09-20].http://www.119.gov.cn/xiaofang/hafx/index.htm.
[9]陈家强.高层建筑火灾与应对措施[J].消防科学与技术,2007,26(2):109-113.
[10]傅贵,殷文韬,董继业,等.行为安全“2-4”模型及其在煤矿安全管理中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1123-1129.
[11]吴超,王秉.行为安全管理元模型研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(2):5-11.
[12]SAWADA S,METIU H.Amultiple trajectory theory for curve crossing problems obtained by using a Gaussian wave packet representation of the nuclear motion[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1986,84(1):227-238.
[13]公安部消防局.2015年天津港瑞海公司危险品仓库特别重大火灾爆炸事故[EB/OL].[2018-09-10].http://www.119.gov.cn/xiaofang/hafx/34542.htm.
[14]王秉,吴超,杨冕,等.安全文化学的基础性问题研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(8):7-12.
[15]张卓,吴超,高开欣.电气伤亡事故的主客体场景指标设计及统计规律[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(1):185-192.
[2]龙腾腾,王辉东,王秋华,等.高层建筑火灾事故致因理论模型构建研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):16-20.
[3]高云,张浩,弋俊楠.高层建筑火灾致因因素分析与防火安全对策[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(9):149-153.
[4]WEI Y Y,ZHANG J Y,WANG J.Research on Building Fire Risk Fast Assessment Method Based on Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and SVM[J].Procedia Engineering,2018,211:1141-1150.
[5]SPATENKOVA O,VIRRANTAUS K.Discovering spatiotemporal relationships in the distribution of building fires[J].Fire Safety Journal,2013,62:49-63.
[6]方健,司可.塔式高层建筑火灾应急管理预案研究[J].中国公共安全(学术版),2018(4):46-50.
[7]刘伟.高层建筑火灾致因因素分析与防火安全对策[J].消防界(电子版),2017(11):98-100.
[8]公安部消防局.火案分析[EB/OL].[2018-09-20].http://www.119.gov.cn/xiaofang/hafx/index.htm.
[9]陈家强.高层建筑火灾与应对措施[J].消防科学与技术,2007,26(2):109-113.
[10]傅贵,殷文韬,董继业,等.行为安全“2-4”模型及其在煤矿安全管理中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1123-1129.
[11]吴超,王秉.行为安全管理元模型研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(2):5-11.
[12]SAWADA S,METIU H.Amultiple trajectory theory for curve crossing problems obtained by using a Gaussian wave packet representation of the nuclear motion[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1986,84(1):227-238.
[13]公安部消防局.2015年天津港瑞海公司危险品仓库特别重大火灾爆炸事故[EB/OL].[2018-09-10].http://www.119.gov.cn/xiaofang/hafx/34542.htm.
[14]王秉,吴超,杨冕,等.安全文化学的基础性问题研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(8):7-12.
[15]张卓,吴超,高开欣.电气伤亡事故的主客体场景指标设计及统计规律[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(1):185-192.