烟草野火病防治技术研究
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摘要
根据烟草野火病的发生特点,选择低毒或营养调控药剂,按独用或混用的方式设置田间试验研究野火病的最佳防治方案。结果表明:在烟草团棵期以前,当野火病零星发生时,按首次20%噻菌铜悬浮剂1 000倍液,第二次1%诺尔霉素水剂1 000倍液+能量金800倍液+斯德考普1 500倍液,第三次20%噻菌铜悬浮剂1 000倍液,均叶面喷雾,每次施药液600 kg/hm~2,间隔期10 d的方式进行处理,能有效控制团棵前野火病的发生。在烟草现蕾以后,当野火病零星发生时,按首次20%噻菌铜悬浮剂+40%菌核净可湿性粉剂,第二次20%噻菌铜悬浮剂,第三次1%诺尔霉素水剂,均稀释1 000倍液叶面喷雾,每次施药液750kg/hm~2,间隔期10 d的方式进行处理,能有效控制现蕾后野火病的发生。
According to the occurrence characteristics of wildfire, low toxicity or nutrition control agents were selected. Field experiments were conducted to study the best control scheme of wildfire disease in the way of single or mixed use. The results showed that: before the tobacco rosette stage, when the wildfire disease occurred sporadically, it was treated by the first 1 000 times liquid of 20% Thiediazole Copper SC; secondly, 1% Bleomycin AS 1 000 times liquid + Energy Gold 800 times liquid+West Kopp 1 500 times liquid; thirdly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC 1 000 times liquid, and the solution weight sprayed on tobacco leaf of each step was 600 kg/hm~2, and safe interval period of each step was 10 days. Three steps were taken to control tobacco wildfire disease effectively after flower-bud appearing stage, firstly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC+40% Dimethachlon; secondly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC; thirdly, 1% Bleomycin AS 1 000 times liquid, and the solution weight sprayed on tobacco leaf of each step was 750 kg/hm~2, and safe interval period of each step was 10 days that can effective control wildfire after flower-bud appearing stage.
According to the occurrence characteristics of wildfire, low toxicity or nutrition control agents were selected. Field experiments were conducted to study the best control scheme of wildfire disease in the way of single or mixed use. The results showed that: before the tobacco rosette stage, when the wildfire disease occurred sporadically, it was treated by the first 1 000 times liquid of 20% Thiediazole Copper SC; secondly, 1% Bleomycin AS 1 000 times liquid + Energy Gold 800 times liquid+West Kopp 1 500 times liquid; thirdly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC 1 000 times liquid, and the solution weight sprayed on tobacco leaf of each step was 600 kg/hm~2, and safe interval period of each step was 10 days. Three steps were taken to control tobacco wildfire disease effectively after flower-bud appearing stage, firstly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC+40% Dimethachlon; secondly, 20% Thiediazole Copper SC; thirdly, 1% Bleomycin AS 1 000 times liquid, and the solution weight sprayed on tobacco leaf of each step was 750 kg/hm~2, and safe interval period of each step was 10 days that can effective control wildfire after flower-bud appearing stage.
引文
[1]王振国,丁伟.烟草野火病发生与防治的研究进展[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(2):101-106.
[2]陈德鑫,张顺,田福海,等.我国烟草有害生物绿色防控技术应用现状及对策[A].中国植物保护学会2015年学术年会论文集[C].长春:中国植物保护学会,2015.252-261.
[3]魏代福,谭青涛,张广民.防治烟草野火病的药剂测定与筛选[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(2):42-44.
[4]谈文,吴元华.烟草病理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[5]刘雅婷,张世珖,李永忠,等.防治烟草野火病的药剂筛选及应用研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,2002,28(2):109-111.
[6]唐明,谢冰,程智敏,等.宜宾烟区烤烟野火病的致病力分化、生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选[J].烟草科技,2016,49(10):9-14.
[7]丁伟,谢会川,陈涛,等.构建保健一预警与系统控制一体化的烟草植保新体系的理论与实践[A].中国烟草学会农业专业委员会植物保护学组会议论文集[C].重庆:烟草学会,2011.314-323.
[8]宗兆锋,康振生.植物病理学原理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.255-256.
[9]汤烨,陈志刚,曹明峰,等.20%噻菌铜对植烟土壤酶活性的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(22):121-123.
[10]姚廷山,周彦,周常勇,等.应用铜制剂防治柑橘溃疡病的研究进展[J].园艺学报,2016,43(9):1711-1718.
[11]吕旭健.新型杀菌剂噻菌铜的应用技术研究及推广[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.
[12]王振国,肖鹏,张钦松,等.一种防治烟草野火病的方法[P].中国专刊:201410415332.6,2014-11-05.
[2]陈德鑫,张顺,田福海,等.我国烟草有害生物绿色防控技术应用现状及对策[A].中国植物保护学会2015年学术年会论文集[C].长春:中国植物保护学会,2015.252-261.
[3]魏代福,谭青涛,张广民.防治烟草野火病的药剂测定与筛选[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(2):42-44.
[4]谈文,吴元华.烟草病理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[5]刘雅婷,张世珖,李永忠,等.防治烟草野火病的药剂筛选及应用研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,2002,28(2):109-111.
[6]唐明,谢冰,程智敏,等.宜宾烟区烤烟野火病的致病力分化、生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选[J].烟草科技,2016,49(10):9-14.
[7]丁伟,谢会川,陈涛,等.构建保健一预警与系统控制一体化的烟草植保新体系的理论与实践[A].中国烟草学会农业专业委员会植物保护学组会议论文集[C].重庆:烟草学会,2011.314-323.
[8]宗兆锋,康振生.植物病理学原理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.255-256.
[9]汤烨,陈志刚,曹明峰,等.20%噻菌铜对植烟土壤酶活性的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(22):121-123.
[10]姚廷山,周彦,周常勇,等.应用铜制剂防治柑橘溃疡病的研究进展[J].园艺学报,2016,43(9):1711-1718.
[11]吕旭健.新型杀菌剂噻菌铜的应用技术研究及推广[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.
[12]王振国,肖鹏,张钦松,等.一种防治烟草野火病的方法[P].中国专刊:201410415332.6,2014-11-05.