含曲面介质结构复杂目标电磁散射计算的射线追踪方法
|
摘要
针对含曲面介质结构的电大复杂目标电磁散射计算问题,提出一种基于平面元网格模型曲率重构与射线密度归一化概念相结合的快速射线追踪方法.该方法通过曲率重构计算复杂目标表面的主曲率半径,考虑从光疏介质到光密介质和从光密介质到光疏介质时电磁波照射凹凸曲面所具有的不同扩散或聚焦效应,并利用射线密度归一化计算射线追踪过程中每一根射线对总散射场的贡献.当射线与介质表面的碰撞点位于焦散处时,通过引入功率追踪成功克服了传统几何射线管在焦散处的奇异性.仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性和高效性.
A ray tracing method combining the curvature reconstruction of faceted model with the raydensity normalization(RDN)is presented for electromagnetic(EM)scattering computation from electrically large complex target with curved surface dielectric structure.This method calculates the principal radii of curvature by curvature reconstruction,considers the different divergence or convergence effect for convex or concave surface illuminated by EM waves from optically thin medium to optically dense medium and from optically dense medium to optically thin medium,and calculates the contribution of each ray to the total scattered field by using RDN.The method also overcomes the singularity of traditional ray tubes at caustics by introducing the power tracing when the impact point between the ray and the interface is located at caustics.Simulation results verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
A ray tracing method combining the curvature reconstruction of faceted model with the raydensity normalization(RDN)is presented for electromagnetic(EM)scattering computation from electrically large complex target with curved surface dielectric structure.This method calculates the principal radii of curvature by curvature reconstruction,considers the different divergence or convergence effect for convex or concave surface illuminated by EM waves from optically thin medium to optically dense medium and from optically dense medium to optically thin medium,and calculates the contribution of each ray to the total scattered field by using RDN.The method also overcomes the singularity of traditional ray tubes at caustics by introducing the power tracing when the impact point between the ray and the interface is located at caustics.Simulation results verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
引文
[1]UMASHANKAR K R,TAFLOVE A,RAO S M.Electro-magnetic scattering by arbitrary shaped threedimensional homogeneous lossy dielectric object[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1986,34:758-766.
[2]RAO S M,CHA C C,CRAVEY R L,et al.Electromagnetic scattering from arbitrary shaped conducting bodies coated with lossy materials of arbitrary thickness[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1991,39(5):627-631.
[3]PETERSON A F.Efficient solenoidal discretization of the volume EFIE for electromagnetic scattering from dielectric objects[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2014,62(3):1475-1478.
[4]UMASHANKAR K,TAFLOVE A.A novel method to analyze electromagnetic scattering of complex objects[J].IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility,1982,24(4):397-405.
[5]DEMAREST K,PLUMB R,HUANG Zhubo.FDTD modeling of scatterers in stratified media[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,43(10),1995:1164-1168.
[6]LU C C.A fast algorithm based on volume integral equation for analysis of arbitrarily shaped dielectric radomes[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2003,51(3):606-612.
[7]YANG P G,NIE Z P,QUE X F,et al.Application of CFIE with hierarchical vector basis functions for EM scattering from hybrid metal-dielectric objects with MLFMA[C]//2012 10th International Symposium on Antennas,Propagation&EM Theory,2012:967-970.
[8]ERGUL O.Fast and accurate solutions of electromagnetics problems involving lossy dielectric objects with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm[J].Engineering analysis with boundary elements,2012,36:423-432.
[9]聂在平,胡俊,阙肖峰,等.面向工程应用能力提升的电磁散射高效数值分析:进展与挑战[J].电波科学学报,2014,29(1):1-11.NIE Z P,HU J,QUE X F,et al.Application capability promotion oriented efficient numerical analysis of EM scattering:progresses and challenges[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2014,29(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
[10]阙肖峰,聂在平,胡俊.导体介质组合体电磁分析的建模与计算[J].电波科学学报,2008,23(3):396-401.QUE X F,NIE Z P,HU J.Electromagnetic modeling and calculation for composite conducting and dielectric objects[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2008,23(3):396-401.(in Chinese)
[11]KOUYOUMJIAN R G,PETERS L,THOMAS D.A modified geometrical optic method for scattering by dielectric bodies[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1963,11(6):690-703.
[12]KIM H,LING H.Electromagnetic scattering from an inhomogeneous object by ray tracing[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1992,40(5):517-525.
[13]WEINMANN F.PO/PTD ray tracing for arbitrary metallic and dielectric objects[C]//European conference on antennas&propagation,2006:6-10.
[14]DIDASCALOU D,SCHAFER T M,WEINMANN F,et al.Ray-density normalization for ray-optical wave propagation modeling in arbitrarily shaped tunnels[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2000,48(9):1316-1325.
[15]MEANA J G,MARTINEZ-LORENZO J A,LASHERAS F,et al.Wave scattering by dielectric and lossy materials using the modified equivalent current approximation(MECA)[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2010,58(11):3757-3761.
[16]KIM J H,CHUN H J,HONG I P,et al.Analysis of FSS radomes based on physical optics method and ray tracing technique[J].IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters,2014,13:868-871.
[17]张磊,王超,董纯柱,等.分层介质目标电磁散射计算的快速射线追踪方法[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(2):208-216.ZHANG L,WANG C,DONG C Z,et al.Fast raytracing method for electromagnetic scattering computation of multi-layered dielectric structure[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2015,30(2):208-216.(in Chinese)
[18]神会存,李建华,周来水.三角网格模型顶点法矢与离散曲率计算[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,26:12-15.SHEN H C,LI J H,ZHOU L S.Estimation of triangular mesh vertex normal vector and discrete curvature[J].Computer engineering and applications,2005,26:12-15.(in Chinese)
[19]汪茂光.几何绕射理论[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,1994:95-104.
[20]JAMES G L.Geometrical theory of diffraction for electromagnetic waves[M].The Institution of Engineering and Technology,1979.
[2]RAO S M,CHA C C,CRAVEY R L,et al.Electromagnetic scattering from arbitrary shaped conducting bodies coated with lossy materials of arbitrary thickness[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1991,39(5):627-631.
[3]PETERSON A F.Efficient solenoidal discretization of the volume EFIE for electromagnetic scattering from dielectric objects[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2014,62(3):1475-1478.
[4]UMASHANKAR K,TAFLOVE A.A novel method to analyze electromagnetic scattering of complex objects[J].IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility,1982,24(4):397-405.
[5]DEMAREST K,PLUMB R,HUANG Zhubo.FDTD modeling of scatterers in stratified media[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,43(10),1995:1164-1168.
[6]LU C C.A fast algorithm based on volume integral equation for analysis of arbitrarily shaped dielectric radomes[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2003,51(3):606-612.
[7]YANG P G,NIE Z P,QUE X F,et al.Application of CFIE with hierarchical vector basis functions for EM scattering from hybrid metal-dielectric objects with MLFMA[C]//2012 10th International Symposium on Antennas,Propagation&EM Theory,2012:967-970.
[8]ERGUL O.Fast and accurate solutions of electromagnetics problems involving lossy dielectric objects with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm[J].Engineering analysis with boundary elements,2012,36:423-432.
[9]聂在平,胡俊,阙肖峰,等.面向工程应用能力提升的电磁散射高效数值分析:进展与挑战[J].电波科学学报,2014,29(1):1-11.NIE Z P,HU J,QUE X F,et al.Application capability promotion oriented efficient numerical analysis of EM scattering:progresses and challenges[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2014,29(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
[10]阙肖峰,聂在平,胡俊.导体介质组合体电磁分析的建模与计算[J].电波科学学报,2008,23(3):396-401.QUE X F,NIE Z P,HU J.Electromagnetic modeling and calculation for composite conducting and dielectric objects[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2008,23(3):396-401.(in Chinese)
[11]KOUYOUMJIAN R G,PETERS L,THOMAS D.A modified geometrical optic method for scattering by dielectric bodies[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1963,11(6):690-703.
[12]KIM H,LING H.Electromagnetic scattering from an inhomogeneous object by ray tracing[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1992,40(5):517-525.
[13]WEINMANN F.PO/PTD ray tracing for arbitrary metallic and dielectric objects[C]//European conference on antennas&propagation,2006:6-10.
[14]DIDASCALOU D,SCHAFER T M,WEINMANN F,et al.Ray-density normalization for ray-optical wave propagation modeling in arbitrarily shaped tunnels[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2000,48(9):1316-1325.
[15]MEANA J G,MARTINEZ-LORENZO J A,LASHERAS F,et al.Wave scattering by dielectric and lossy materials using the modified equivalent current approximation(MECA)[J].IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,2010,58(11):3757-3761.
[16]KIM J H,CHUN H J,HONG I P,et al.Analysis of FSS radomes based on physical optics method and ray tracing technique[J].IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters,2014,13:868-871.
[17]张磊,王超,董纯柱,等.分层介质目标电磁散射计算的快速射线追踪方法[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(2):208-216.ZHANG L,WANG C,DONG C Z,et al.Fast raytracing method for electromagnetic scattering computation of multi-layered dielectric structure[J].Chinese journal of radio science,2015,30(2):208-216.(in Chinese)
[18]神会存,李建华,周来水.三角网格模型顶点法矢与离散曲率计算[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,26:12-15.SHEN H C,LI J H,ZHOU L S.Estimation of triangular mesh vertex normal vector and discrete curvature[J].Computer engineering and applications,2005,26:12-15.(in Chinese)
[19]汪茂光.几何绕射理论[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,1994:95-104.
[20]JAMES G L.Geometrical theory of diffraction for electromagnetic waves[M].The Institution of Engineering and Technology,1979.