基于热阻模型的低雷诺数顺排圆形微针肋热沉多目标优化设计
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摘要
利用离散方法建立了顺排圆形微针肋的离散热阻模型,根据文献结果选取适用于微尺度柱群绕流的压降控制函数,以减小热阻-压降为优化目标构建加权评价函数。通过MultiStart-Fmincon多目标优化算法,对层流状态下顺排圆形微针肋热沉的微柱间距、半径、宽度进行了优化设计,得到了不同权重下的尺寸优化结果,并用有限元分析软件对优化结果进行了模拟验证。结果表明,在选取的设计区间及工作环境下,本文提出的优化设计方法具有较好的合理性和精度。流场分析表明,柱间流速与过流截面积相关,迎水柱前后的流体压差较大且随微柱集度增加而增大,可通过二次设计提升迎水柱强度。
Discrete thermal resistance model is established by discrete method. According to the calculation results in the literatures, the pressure drop control function is applied to the micro-scale flow around the cylinder, the weighted evaluation function is constructed with the goal of reducing thermal resistance-pressure drop. The MultiStart-Fmincon multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to optimize the micro-pillar spacing, radius and width of the circular micro-pin fin heat sinks under laminar flow conditions. The results of size optimization under different weights are obtained, and then the finite element analysis software is used to simulate the optimization results. The results show that the optimization design method proposed in this paper has better rationality and accuracy under the selected design interval and work environments. The flow field analysis shows that the inter-column flow velocity is related to the cross-sectional area of the over current, and the fluid has high pressure difference between the front and the rear of the water-entrapment column. The pressure difference increases with the number of micro-columns increases, and the strength of the water-entrapment column can be improved through the secondary design.
Discrete thermal resistance model is established by discrete method. According to the calculation results in the literatures, the pressure drop control function is applied to the micro-scale flow around the cylinder, the weighted evaluation function is constructed with the goal of reducing thermal resistance-pressure drop. The MultiStart-Fmincon multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to optimize the micro-pillar spacing, radius and width of the circular micro-pin fin heat sinks under laminar flow conditions. The results of size optimization under different weights are obtained, and then the finite element analysis software is used to simulate the optimization results. The results show that the optimization design method proposed in this paper has better rationality and accuracy under the selected design interval and work environments. The flow field analysis shows that the inter-column flow velocity is related to the cross-sectional area of the over current, and the fluid has high pressure difference between the front and the rear of the water-entrapment column. The pressure difference increases with the number of micro-columns increases, and the strength of the water-entrapment column can be improved through the secondary design.
引文
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[8]刘承杰,李倩,罗鹏,等.基于响应面法的V带轮多目标优化设计[J].应用力学学报,2018,35(1):147-153.(LIU Chengjie,LIQian,LUO Peng,et al.Multi-objective optimization design of V-pulley based on response surface method[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2018,35(1):147-153(in Chinese)).
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[11]赵孝保,卢铃,刘志刚,等.微/小圆柱针肋热沉传热特性[J].化工学报,2011,62(3):672-677.(ZHAO Xiaobao,LU Ling,LIUZhigang,et al.Heat transfer of circular shaped micro/mini pin-fin heat sink[J].CIESC journal,2011,62(3):672-677(in Chinese)).
[12]?UKAUSKAS A.Heat transfer from tubes in cross flow[J].Advances in heat transfer,1972,18:87-159.
[13]夏国栋,罗光亮,李晏君.流体横掠圆形微针肋热沉流动与传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(4):621-624.(XIA Guodong,LUO Guangliang,LI Yanjun.Flow and heat transfer characteristics across circular-shaped micro pin-fin heat sink[J].Journal of engineering thermophysics,2009,30(4):621-624(in Chinese)).
[14]BADR M.Laminar combined convection from a horizontal cylinder-parallel and contra flow regimes[J].Heat mass transfer,1984,27(1):15-27.
[15]ZDRAVKOVICH M M.Review of flow interference between two cylinders in various arrangement[J].Journal of fluids engineering,1977,99(4):618-633.
[16]李霖,张志国,王先洲,等.低雷诺数圆柱绕流的大涡模拟分析[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(1):22-26.(LI Lin,ZHANG Zhiguo,WANGXianzhou,et al.Investigation of flow cross cylinder using large eddy simulation at low Re[J].Ship science and technology,2013,35(1):22-26(in Chinese)).
[2]张承武,管宁,刘志刚,等.微柱群换热特性实验研究[C]//中国工程热物理学会传热传质学2009年学术会议论文集.北京:中国工程热物理学会,2009:1-6.(ZHANG Chengwu,GUAN Ning,LIU Zhigang,et al.Experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics in micro pin fins[C]//Proceedings of 2009 Academic Meeting of Combustion of Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics.Beijing:Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics,2009:1-6(in Chinese)).
[3]周明正,夏国栋,柴磊,等.微针肋热沉中流体流动及传热的数值模拟[J].北京工业大学学报,2011,37(7):1052-1057.(ZHOUMingzheng,XIA Guodong,CHAI Lei,et al.Numerical simulation of liquid flow and heat transfer in micro pin fin heat sink[J].Journal of Beijing university of technology,2011,37(7):1052-1057(in Chinese)).
[4]崔珍珍.微针肋热沉结构优化及Micro-PIV系统下单相与两相可视化研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.(CUI Zhenzhen.Optimization of micro pin fin heat sink structure and micro-PIVsystem for single-phase and two-phase visualization[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013(in Chinese)).
[5]张承武,刘志刚,梁世强,等.微柱群阻力特性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(11):1897-1990.(ZHANG Chengwu,LIU Zhigang,LIANG Shiqiang,et al.Experimental investigation of resistance characteristics in micro pin fins[J].Journal of engineering thermophysics,2009,30(11):1897-1990(in Chinese)).
[6]管宁,刘志刚,张承武.顺排微柱群内部层流流动特性[J].化工学报,2011,62(3):664-671.(GUAN Ning,LIU Zhigang,ZHANGChengwu.Laminar flow characteristics in in-line arranged micro-cylinder groups[J].CIESC journal,2011,62(3):664-671(in Chinese)).
[7]刘伟婧,刘志芳,路国运,等.轴向冲击载荷下开孔薄壁方管吸能特性的研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(4):620-626.(LIUWeijing,LIU Zhifang,LU Guoyun,et al.Investigation of the energy absorption of thin-walled square tubes with cutouts under axial impact loading[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2016,33(4):620-626(in Chinese)).
[8]刘承杰,李倩,罗鹏,等.基于响应面法的V带轮多目标优化设计[J].应用力学学报,2018,35(1):147-153.(LIU Chengjie,LIQian,LUO Peng,et al.Multi-objective optimization design of V-pulley based on response surface method[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2018,35(1):147-153(in Chinese)).
[9]徐鹏,高猛.高g值冲击下泡沫铝填充壳结构抗冲击性能多目标优化[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(5):845-851.(XU Peng,GAOMeng.Multiobjective crashworthiness optimization for foam-filled thin-walled structures subjected to high g value impact[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2016,33(5):845-851(in Chinese)).
[10]邵宝东,孙兆伟,王丽凤.热阻网络模型在微槽冷却热沉优化设计中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2007,37(6):1263-1267.(SHAO Baodong,SUN Zhaowei,WANG Lifeng.Application of thermal resistance net model in optimization design of microchannel cooling heat sink[J].Journal of Jilin university(engineering and technology edition),2007,37(6):1263-1267(in Chinese)).
[11]赵孝保,卢铃,刘志刚,等.微/小圆柱针肋热沉传热特性[J].化工学报,2011,62(3):672-677.(ZHAO Xiaobao,LU Ling,LIUZhigang,et al.Heat transfer of circular shaped micro/mini pin-fin heat sink[J].CIESC journal,2011,62(3):672-677(in Chinese)).
[12]?UKAUSKAS A.Heat transfer from tubes in cross flow[J].Advances in heat transfer,1972,18:87-159.
[13]夏国栋,罗光亮,李晏君.流体横掠圆形微针肋热沉流动与传热特性[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(4):621-624.(XIA Guodong,LUO Guangliang,LI Yanjun.Flow and heat transfer characteristics across circular-shaped micro pin-fin heat sink[J].Journal of engineering thermophysics,2009,30(4):621-624(in Chinese)).
[14]BADR M.Laminar combined convection from a horizontal cylinder-parallel and contra flow regimes[J].Heat mass transfer,1984,27(1):15-27.
[15]ZDRAVKOVICH M M.Review of flow interference between two cylinders in various arrangement[J].Journal of fluids engineering,1977,99(4):618-633.
[16]李霖,张志国,王先洲,等.低雷诺数圆柱绕流的大涡模拟分析[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(1):22-26.(LI Lin,ZHANG Zhiguo,WANGXianzhou,et al.Investigation of flow cross cylinder using large eddy simulation at low Re[J].Ship science and technology,2013,35(1):22-26(in Chinese)).