城市洪涝模拟中无人机摄影测量技术应用进展
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摘要
基于我国城市洪涝灾害的严峻形势和目前洪涝过程模拟模型的发展现状,指出精细化城市洪涝过程模拟是未来发展趋势。基于无人机低空摄影测量的数据获取方法能够提供高分辨率的地面信息,为城市洪涝过程模拟提供完备的数据基础。通过总结无人机相关技术指标和应用实例,指出利用低空无人机摄影测量获取的数据具有大比例尺、现势性强以及成本较低的优势,在众多领域得到广泛应用;同时,通过低空无人机摄影测量提供的土地利用、地形和洪涝范围等数据,可以完成精细化的洪涝过程模型建模与率定验证,三维模型与单体建模技术则能服务于数字化和更加精细化的洪涝过程模拟与展示。无人机摄影测量技术应用于城市洪涝过程模拟仍具有诸多问题,在未来的进一步应用中将得到不断完善和发展,具有良好的应用前景。
In view of the severe situation of urban flooding in China and the development of previous flood simulation models, this paper points out that refining urban flood simulations is a focus in the future studies. Data acquisition methods based on the low-altitude UAV-based photogrammetry can provide high-resolution ground information such as flooded areas in a city, helping build complete databases. By summarizing typical technical indicators and application of this new technology, we demonstrate that it has the advantage of low cost in acquisition of easily updated large-scale data and hence is widely applied in numerous fields. And it also makes it easier to develop or refine flood simulation models through collecting data of landuse, topography, and flooded area, among others. In addition, technologies like three-dimensional modeling and monomer modeling can serve the purpose of better digitalization and refinement of flooding process simulations and result display. Although problems still remain in the application of photogrammetry technology to flooding simulation, it should have a good application prospect as it is improved and further developed in future.
In view of the severe situation of urban flooding in China and the development of previous flood simulation models, this paper points out that refining urban flood simulations is a focus in the future studies. Data acquisition methods based on the low-altitude UAV-based photogrammetry can provide high-resolution ground information such as flooded areas in a city, helping build complete databases. By summarizing typical technical indicators and application of this new technology, we demonstrate that it has the advantage of low cost in acquisition of easily updated large-scale data and hence is widely applied in numerous fields. And it also makes it easier to develop or refine flood simulation models through collecting data of landuse, topography, and flooded area, among others. In addition, technologies like three-dimensional modeling and monomer modeling can serve the purpose of better digitalization and refinement of flooding process simulations and result display. Although problems still remain in the application of photogrammetry technology to flooding simulation, it should have a good application prospect as it is improved and further developed in future.
引文
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[22]NAKADA R,TAKIGAWA M,OHGA T,et al.Verification of potency of aerial digital oblique cameras for aerial photogrammetry in Japan[J].International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing&Spatial Information Sciences,2016,41:63-68.
[23]TOKARCZYK P,LEITAO J P,RIECKERMANN J,et al.High-quality observation of surface imperviousness for urban runoff modelling using UAV imagery[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2015,19(10):4215-4228.
[24]LANGHAMMER J,BERNSTEINOV J,MI?IJOVSK J.Building a high-precision 2D hydrodynamic flood model using UAV photogrammetry and sensor network monitoring[J].Water,2017,9(11):861.
[25]MOURATO S,FERNANDEZ P,PEREIRA L,et al.Improving a DSM obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles for flood modelling[C].IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2017,95:022014.
[26]BARREIRO A,DOM NGUEZ J M,CRESPO A J,et al.Integration of UAV photogrammetry and SPH modelling of fluids to study runoff on real terrains[J].PLo S One,2014,9(11):e111031.
[27]刘佳明.城市雨洪放大效应及分布式城市雨洪模型研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.LIU Jiaming.Research on the amplified hydrological effect and distributed model of urban stormwater[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2016.(in Chinese)
[28]侯精明,王润,李国栋,等.基于动力波法的高效高分辨率城市雨洪过程数值模型[J].水力发电学报,2018,37(3):40-49.HOU Jingming,WANG Run,LI Guodong,et.al.Highperformance numerical model for high-resolution urban rainfall-runoff based on dynamic wave method[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2018,37(3):40-49.(in Chinese)
[29]刘力,侯精明,李家科,等.西咸新区海绵城市建设对中型降雨致涝影响[J].水资源与水工程学报,2018,29(1):155-159.LIU Li,HOU Jingming,LI Jiake,et.al.Effects of LIDmeasures on urban flood waterlogging for medium-sized rainfalls in Xi'xian New District Sponge City Program[J].Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering,2018,29(1):155-159.(in Chinese)
[30]马轮基,马瑞升,林宗桂,等.微型无人机遥感应用初探[J].气象研究与应用,2005,26(S1):180-181.MA Lunji,MA Ruisheng,LIN Zonggui,et.al.Preliminary study on remote sensing application of micro UAV[J].Journal of Meteorological Research and Application,2005,26(S1):180-181.(in Chinese)
[31]张芸硕,宋文龙.无人机技术在辽宁省防汛工作中的应用探析[J].中国防汛抗旱,2017,27(3):93-95.ZHANG Yunshuo,SONG Wenlong.Application of UAVtechnology in flood control in Liaoning Province[J].China Flood&Drought Management,2017,27(3):93-95.(in Chinese)
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[2]徐宗学,程涛,任梅芳.“城市看海”何时休:兼论海绵城市功能与作用[J].中国防汛抗旱,2017,27(5):64-66.XU Zongxue,CHENG Tao,REN Meifang.Farewell to urban flooding:A brief discussion on the functions and features of sponge city[J].China Flood&Drought Management,2017,27(5):64-66.(in Chinese)
[3]张建云,宋晓猛,王国庆,等.变化环境下城市水文学的发展与挑战:I.城市水文效应[J].水科学进展,2014,25(4):594-605.ZHANG Jianyun,SONG Xiaomeng,WANG Guoqing,et al.Development and challenges of urban hydrology in a changing environment:I.Hydrological response to urbanization[J].Advances in Water Science,2014,25(4):594-605.(in Chinese)
[4]宋晓猛,张建云,王国庆,等.变化环境下城市水文学的发展与挑战:II.城市雨洪模拟与管理[J].水科学进展,2014,25(5):752-764.SONG Xiaomeng,ZHANG Jianyun,WANG Guoqing,et al.Development and challenges of urban hydrology in a changing environment:II.Urban stormwater modeling and management[J].Advances in Water Science,2014,25(5):752-764.(in Chinese)
[5]程涛,徐宗学,洪思扬,等.济南市山前平原区暴雨内涝模拟[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(2):246-253.CHENG Tao,XU Zongxue,HONG Siyang,et al.Simulation of rainstorm waterlogging in the piedmont plains of Jinan City[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Sciences),2018,54(2):246-253.(in Chinese)
[6]YIN J,YE M,YIN Z,et al.A review of advances in urban flood risk analysis over China[J].Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment,2015,29(3):1063-1070.
[7]DI SALVO C,PENNICA F,CIOTOLI G,et al.A GIS-based procedure for preliminary mapping of pluvial flood risk at metropolitan scale[J].Environmental Modelling&Software,2018,107:64-84.
[8]王静,李娜,程晓陶.城市洪涝仿真模型的改进与应用[J].水利学报,2010,41(12):1393-1400.WANG Jing,LI Na,CHENG Xiaotao.Improvement and application of numerical model for the simulation of flooding in urban area[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2010,41(12):1393-1400.(in Chinese)
[9]赵刚,徐宗学,庞博,等.基于改进填洼模型的城市洪涝灾害计算方法[J].水科学进展,2018,29(1):20-30.ZHAO Gang,XU Zongxue,PANG Bo,et.al.Estimation of urban flooding processes based on enhanced inundation model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2018,29(1):20-30.(in Chinese)
[10]CHEN J,HILL A A,URBANO L D.A GIS-based model for urban flood inundation[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,373(1/2):184-192.
[11]ZHANG S,WANG T,ZHAO B.Calculation and visualization of flood inundation based on a topographic triangle network[J].Journal of Hydrology,2014,509:406-415.
[12]ZHANG S,PAN B.An urban storm-inundation simulation method based on GIS[J].Journal of Hydrology,2014,517:260-268.
[13]TENG J,JAKEMAN A J,VAZE J,et al.Flood inundation modelling:A review of methods,recent advances and uncertainty analysis[J].Environmental Modelling&Software,2017,90:201-216.
[14]徐宗学,程涛,洪思扬,等.遥感技术在城市洪涝模拟中的应用进展[J].科学通报,2018,63(21):2156-2166.XU Zongxue,CHENG Tao,HONG Siyang,et al.Review on applications of remote sensing in urban flood modeling[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2018,63(21):2156-2166.(in Chinese)
[15]王洛飞.无人机低空摄影测量在城市测绘保障中的应用前景[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(2):217-219.WANG Luofei.Unmanned aerial system applications and prospects in the urban survey and mapping[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2014,37(2):217-219.(in Chinese)
[16]陈姣.无人机航摄系统测绘大比例尺地形图应用研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2013.CHEN Jiao.The application and research of UAV aerial photographic system in surveying and mapping topographic maps[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[17]李德仁,李明.无人机遥感系统的研究进展与应用前景[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2014,39(5):505-513.LI Deren,LI Ming.Research advance and application prospect of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing system[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(5):505-513.(in Chinese)
[18]王家杰.无人机低空摄影测量系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.WANG Jiajie.Research on low-altitude aerial photographical systems based on unmanned aerial vehicle[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2016.(in Chinese)
[19]刘昌军,郭良,兰驷东,等.无人机技术综述及在水利行业的应用[J].中国防汛抗旱,2016,26(3):34-39.LIU Changjun,GUO Liang,LAN Sidong,et al.Application review and prospects of UAV technology[J].China Flood&Drought Management,2016,26(3):34-39.(in Chinese)
[20]杨传广,马铁林,甘文彪,等.垂直起降固定翼无人机技术特点浅析[C]//2017年(第三届)中国航空科学技术大会论文集(下册),2017:56-61.YANG Chuanguang,MA Tielin,GAN Wenbiao,et.al.Analys is on technical characteristics of vertical takeoff and landing fix-wing UAV[C]//The 3rd China Aeronautical Science and Technology Conference Proceedings(Vol 2),2017:56-61.(in Chinese)
[21]程崇木,张俊华,孙炜,等.固定翼无人机航空摄影测量精度探讨[J].人民长江,2010,41(11):54-56.CHENG Chongmu,ZHANG Junhua,SUN Wei,et.al.Discussion on survey accuracy of aerial photography by fixed-wing unmanned craft[J].Yangtze River,2010,41(11):54-56.(in Chinese)
[22]NAKADA R,TAKIGAWA M,OHGA T,et al.Verification of potency of aerial digital oblique cameras for aerial photogrammetry in Japan[J].International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing&Spatial Information Sciences,2016,41:63-68.
[23]TOKARCZYK P,LEITAO J P,RIECKERMANN J,et al.High-quality observation of surface imperviousness for urban runoff modelling using UAV imagery[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2015,19(10):4215-4228.
[24]LANGHAMMER J,BERNSTEINOV J,MI?IJOVSK J.Building a high-precision 2D hydrodynamic flood model using UAV photogrammetry and sensor network monitoring[J].Water,2017,9(11):861.
[25]MOURATO S,FERNANDEZ P,PEREIRA L,et al.Improving a DSM obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles for flood modelling[C].IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2017,95:022014.
[26]BARREIRO A,DOM NGUEZ J M,CRESPO A J,et al.Integration of UAV photogrammetry and SPH modelling of fluids to study runoff on real terrains[J].PLo S One,2014,9(11):e111031.
[27]刘佳明.城市雨洪放大效应及分布式城市雨洪模型研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.LIU Jiaming.Research on the amplified hydrological effect and distributed model of urban stormwater[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2016.(in Chinese)
[28]侯精明,王润,李国栋,等.基于动力波法的高效高分辨率城市雨洪过程数值模型[J].水力发电学报,2018,37(3):40-49.HOU Jingming,WANG Run,LI Guodong,et.al.Highperformance numerical model for high-resolution urban rainfall-runoff based on dynamic wave method[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2018,37(3):40-49.(in Chinese)
[29]刘力,侯精明,李家科,等.西咸新区海绵城市建设对中型降雨致涝影响[J].水资源与水工程学报,2018,29(1):155-159.LIU Li,HOU Jingming,LI Jiake,et.al.Effects of LIDmeasures on urban flood waterlogging for medium-sized rainfalls in Xi'xian New District Sponge City Program[J].Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering,2018,29(1):155-159.(in Chinese)
[30]马轮基,马瑞升,林宗桂,等.微型无人机遥感应用初探[J].气象研究与应用,2005,26(S1):180-181.MA Lunji,MA Ruisheng,LIN Zonggui,et.al.Preliminary study on remote sensing application of micro UAV[J].Journal of Meteorological Research and Application,2005,26(S1):180-181.(in Chinese)
[31]张芸硕,宋文龙.无人机技术在辽宁省防汛工作中的应用探析[J].中国防汛抗旱,2017,27(3):93-95.ZHANG Yunshuo,SONG Wenlong.Application of UAVtechnology in flood control in Liaoning Province[J].China Flood&Drought Management,2017,27(3):93-95.(in Chinese)
[32]FENG Q,LIU J,GONG J.Urban flood mapping based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing and random forest classifier:A case of Yuyao,China[J].Water,2015,7(4):1437-1455.
[33]黄文诚.基于倾斜摄影的城市实景三维模型单体化及其组织管理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2017.HUANG Wencheng.Research on monomerization and organization of urban real three-dimensional models based on oblique photogrammetry[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2017.(in Chinese)
[34]朱祖乐.基于WebGL的郑州市区积水路段暴雨洪水三维场景模拟[D].郑州:郑州大学,2016.ZHU Zule.Three dimensional scene simulation of rainstorm flood in ponding areas of Zhengzhou urban roads based on WebGL[D].Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University,2016.(in Chinese)
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[36]SINGH H,GARG R.Web 3D GIS application for flood simulation and querying through open source technology[J].Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing,2016,44(4):485-494.
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