我国地市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健服务能力基础调查
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摘要
目的对我国地市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健人员及设备投入水平、服务开展状况和管理情况历史数据进行分析,为比较我国儿童保健发展变化水平提供基础数据。方法对2013年5-7月的历史调查数据进行收集分析。采用容量比例概率抽样方法,在有全国代表性的13个省中随机抽取1/3的地市,对地市级妇幼保健机构的儿童保健服务情况进行问卷调查。结果实际调查的51所地市级妇幼保健机构中,每万名儿童有1.64名地市级妇幼保健机构儿保人员。机构平均开展9项儿童保健服务,生长发育服务的开展比例最高(98.0%),其次是营养咨询指导(94.1%)、耳及听力保健(92.2%)和心理行为发育测验(90.2%)。儿童康复服务的开展比例最低(62.7%)。平均设置儿童保健门诊6个。70%以上的机构设置了生长发育、心理行为发育测验、眼保健、听力保健门诊,高危儿随访门诊、口腔保健、儿童康复和早期发展指导门诊设置率均低于60%。2012年平均为下级医疗卫生机构举办培训班4次,举办托幼机构卫生保健人员培训班3次。结论我国东、中、西部地区地市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健服务能力差异逐步缩小,但儿童保健服务设备与人员投入仍不足,科室设置和相关服务的开展需进一步提高。
Objective To investigate the status of child health care personnel and facility resources,situation of child health service and management in prefecture-level maternal and child health(MCH)institutions in China,in order to provide baseline data for the comparison of development of child health care. Methods Data of a historical survey in 2013 were analyzed.In this survey,one third of prefectures and municipalities were selected by using the probability proportion size method from 13 nationally representative provinces from May to July in 2013,and the situation of child health service in prefecture-level MCH institutions in China were investigated by questionnaire survey. Results In whole 51 prefecture-level MCH institutions,there were 1.64 staff members in MCH institutions providing services for every ten thousand children on average.Each institution carried out nine items of children health service.The setting rate of the growth and development service was the highest(98.0%).Then the setting rates of nutrition consultation service,hearing service,psychological behavioral test service were 94.1%,92.2% and 90.2%,respectively.Among all the services,the setting rate of child rehabilitation service was the lowest(62.7%).Each institution had 6 children health clinics averagely.More than 70% of institutions had growth and development clinic,psychological behavioral test clinic,eye care clinic and hearing care clinic,however,the setting rate of high-risk infants follow-up clinic,dental clinic,child rehabilitation clinic and early child development clinic were all lower than 60%.Each institution had organized four training courses for subordinate health care institutions and three training courses for health care staffs from childcare institutions in 2012. Conclusions The area differences on capacity of child health service are contractible.However,the personnel and facility resources are inadequate and the setting rate of child health clinic should be increased and more relevant service should be provided.
Objective To investigate the status of child health care personnel and facility resources,situation of child health service and management in prefecture-level maternal and child health(MCH)institutions in China,in order to provide baseline data for the comparison of development of child health care. Methods Data of a historical survey in 2013 were analyzed.In this survey,one third of prefectures and municipalities were selected by using the probability proportion size method from 13 nationally representative provinces from May to July in 2013,and the situation of child health service in prefecture-level MCH institutions in China were investigated by questionnaire survey. Results In whole 51 prefecture-level MCH institutions,there were 1.64 staff members in MCH institutions providing services for every ten thousand children on average.Each institution carried out nine items of children health service.The setting rate of the growth and development service was the highest(98.0%).Then the setting rates of nutrition consultation service,hearing service,psychological behavioral test service were 94.1%,92.2% and 90.2%,respectively.Among all the services,the setting rate of child rehabilitation service was the lowest(62.7%).Each institution had 6 children health clinics averagely.More than 70% of institutions had growth and development clinic,psychological behavioral test clinic,eye care clinic and hearing care clinic,however,the setting rate of high-risk infants follow-up clinic,dental clinic,child rehabilitation clinic and early child development clinic were all lower than 60%.Each institution had organized four training courses for subordinate health care institutions and three training courses for health care staffs from childcare institutions in 2012. Conclusions The area differences on capacity of child health service are contractible.However,the personnel and facility resources are inadequate and the setting rate of child health clinic should be increased and more relevant service should be provided.
引文
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[11]李鸿斌,顾建明,丁晓莉.我国县区级妇幼保健机构儿童保健学科建设策略的探索[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2013,24(6):857-860,887.
[2]国家卫计委办公厅.国家卫生计生委关于印发三级和二级妇幼保健院评审标准(2016年版)的通知[EB/OL].(2016-09-16)http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/fys/s3581/201609/1dce4771f16645718e0fa8741d07c98b.shtml.
[3]国家卫生计生委办公厅.各级妇幼健康服务机构业务部门设置指南[EB/OL].(2015-12-28)http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/fys/s3581/201512/2e49971eb4154c36ac68af1ed8defafd.shtml.
[4]原卫生部妇社司儿童处.全国儿童保健工作规范(试行)[J].中国生育健康杂志,2010,21(4):4-5.
[5]郭浩岩,黄爱群,罗荣,等.2005-2011年我国县级妇幼保健机构发展状况[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2013,4(3-4):5-6,10.
[6]黄爱群,金曦,罗荣,等.全国县级妇幼保健机构人力资源状况分析[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2010,1(3):130-133.
[7]原中华人民共和国国家卫生部.各级妇幼保健机构编制标准(试行)[J].中国妇幼保健管理,1986,1(2):5.
[8]聂妍,黄爱群,罗荣,等.2008年全国三级妇幼保健机构资源配置状况分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2011,26(11):1607-1609.
[9]国家卫生计生委规划与信息司.妇幼保健机构建设标准(征求意见稿)[EB/OL].[2014-12-01].http://www.moh.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/s3586/201412/d9961c23930c4ad4a30a2d3441c7c739.shtml.
[10]原中华人民共和国卫生部.儿童健康检查服务技术规范(卫办妇社发[2012]49号)[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2012,20(10):956-958.
[11]李鸿斌,顾建明,丁晓莉.我国县区级妇幼保健机构儿童保健学科建设策略的探索[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2013,24(6):857-860,887.