兰州太阳能集热器最佳倾角的计算与分析
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摘要
以兰州地区水平面上的月平均太阳辐射数据为基础,计算不同倾角斜面上的月太阳辐射量,并以集热器倾斜面上接收到的太阳辐射量最多为目标,对不同时段内太阳能集热器的最佳倾角进行了优化。通过计算得到了集热器的月最佳倾角、季最佳倾角和年最佳倾角。集热器的安装倾角不但影响其斜面上全年接收到的总太阳辐射量,还影响月太阳辐射量的分布。采用季最佳倾角安装集热器最为合理,一年改变两次倾角,4—9月时倾角为5°,10—3月时倾角为49°,其斜面获得的年太阳辐射量比采用当地纬度36°时提高了4. 8%。
Based on the data of monthly average solar radiation on the horizontal surface of Lanzhou,the monthly solar radiationon different inclined slopes is calculated,and the solar radiation of the collector received on the inclined surface is the most targeted. The optimum tilt angle of the device is optimized. The monthly optimum inclination angle,the seasonal optimum inclination angle and the annual optimum inclination angle of the collector are obtained by calculation. The installation angle of the collector not only affects the total amount of solar radiation received on the slope of the year,but also affects the distribution of the monthly solar radiation. It is most reasonable to install the collector with the best inclination of the season. The inclination angle is changed twice a year. The inclination angle is 5° from April to September,and the inclination angle is 49° from October to March. The annual solar radiation obtained by the slope is better than that of the local. The latitude increased by 4. 8% at 36°.
Based on the data of monthly average solar radiation on the horizontal surface of Lanzhou,the monthly solar radiationon different inclined slopes is calculated,and the solar radiation of the collector received on the inclined surface is the most targeted. The optimum tilt angle of the device is optimized. The monthly optimum inclination angle,the seasonal optimum inclination angle and the annual optimum inclination angle of the collector are obtained by calculation. The installation angle of the collector not only affects the total amount of solar radiation received on the slope of the year,but also affects the distribution of the monthly solar radiation. It is most reasonable to install the collector with the best inclination of the season. The inclination angle is changed twice a year. The inclination angle is 5° from April to September,and the inclination angle is 49° from October to March. The annual solar radiation obtained by the slope is better than that of the local. The latitude increased by 4. 8% at 36°.
引文
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[7]Camelia Stanciu,Dorin Stanciu. Optimum tilt angle for flat plate collectorsall over the w orld-A declination dependence formula and comparisons of three solar radiation models[J]. Energy Conversion and M anagement,2014,81:133-143.
[8]GHOSH H R,BHOWMIK N C,HUSSAIN M. Determining seasonal optimum tilt angles,solar radiations on variously oriented,single and double axistracking surfaces at Dhaka[J]. Renew able Energy,2010,35(6):1292-1297.
[9]JAFARKAZEMI F,SAADABADI A S. Optimum tilt angle and orientation of solarsurfaces in Abu Dhabi,UAE[J]. Renew able Energy,2013,56:44-49.
[10]张鹤飞.太阳能热利用原理与计算机模拟[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2004:33-44.
[11]王炳忠.太阳辐射计算讲座第一讲太阳能中天文参数的计算[J].太阳能,1999,(2):8-10.
[2]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T18713—2002,太阳热水系统设计、安装及工程验收技术规范[S]. 2002.
[3]李华山.乌鲁木齐地区太阳能集热器最佳倾角计算[J].太阳能,2008,(10):51-53.
[4]汪海涛,刘艳峰.拉萨太阳能集热器竖排安装最佳倾角分析[J].节能技术,2009,27(6):525-526.
[5]林媛.平面采光面无阴影影响最佳角度的计算[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报:自然科学版,2006,3(3):44-46.
[6]李庆林,王平阳,杨帆.倾斜面上太阳辐射计算与最佳位置确定[J].节能技术,2008,26(6):571-574.
[7]Camelia Stanciu,Dorin Stanciu. Optimum tilt angle for flat plate collectorsall over the w orld-A declination dependence formula and comparisons of three solar radiation models[J]. Energy Conversion and M anagement,2014,81:133-143.
[8]GHOSH H R,BHOWMIK N C,HUSSAIN M. Determining seasonal optimum tilt angles,solar radiations on variously oriented,single and double axistracking surfaces at Dhaka[J]. Renew able Energy,2010,35(6):1292-1297.
[9]JAFARKAZEMI F,SAADABADI A S. Optimum tilt angle and orientation of solarsurfaces in Abu Dhabi,UAE[J]. Renew able Energy,2013,56:44-49.
[10]张鹤飞.太阳能热利用原理与计算机模拟[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2004:33-44.
[11]王炳忠.太阳辐射计算讲座第一讲太阳能中天文参数的计算[J].太阳能,1999,(2):8-10.