基于实测数据的高校新校区多功能区车辆停放特性分析
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摘要
随着机动车保有量的高速增长,停车问题,尤其是校园停车问题日益严峻。针对高校在城市外围的新校区,文章提出了划分多功能区研究停车特性的理念,剖析了各功能区的停车特征及停车设施特征。并以东南大学九龙湖校区的机动车停放实测数据为基础,对比分析高校校园的不同类型功能区车辆停放时变特性。选取单位时间利用率、单位时间周转率、长时停放比例、泊位外停车比例4个指标进行停车场评价,结合问卷调查结果,分析了停车者泊位选择因素。研究结果表明:高校多功能区的停车时变特性因功能区特点而异,又同样因作息时间产生变化,高校校园内停车者泊位选择的首要影响因素是步行距离。在数据分析的基础上,提出了校园停车设施优化策略,包括停车设施位置选择、配建形式、配建指标和共享停车。
As the rapid growth of motor vehicle amount, campus parking problems are becoming more and more serious. This article aims at new campus built at the periphery of cities. It proposes the concept of studying the characteristics of campus parking by dividing multi-functional areas. Based on measured parking data of Southeast University, comparative analysis on time-variation parking characteristics of different typical multi-functional campus areas will be made. Four parameters have been selected to evaluate the parking lots, including unit time utilization rate, unit time turnover rate, longtime parking rate and offsite parking rate. Influential factors of carport choice have been concluded by questionnaire survey. The results show that time-variation characteristics of campus parking in multi-functional areas vary with their area feature and fluctuate according to campus schedule. The premier factor that influences carport choice is walking distance. Based on data analysis, several parking facility optimization strategies are proposed, concerning construction location, construction forms, construction index and shareduse parking.
As the rapid growth of motor vehicle amount, campus parking problems are becoming more and more serious. This article aims at new campus built at the periphery of cities. It proposes the concept of studying the characteristics of campus parking by dividing multi-functional areas. Based on measured parking data of Southeast University, comparative analysis on time-variation parking characteristics of different typical multi-functional campus areas will be made. Four parameters have been selected to evaluate the parking lots, including unit time utilization rate, unit time turnover rate, longtime parking rate and offsite parking rate. Influential factors of carport choice have been concluded by questionnaire survey. The results show that time-variation characteristics of campus parking in multi-functional areas vary with their area feature and fluctuate according to campus schedule. The premier factor that influences carport choice is walking distance. Based on data analysis, several parking facility optimization strategies are proposed, concerning construction location, construction forms, construction index and shareduse parking.
引文
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[2]WILL T,SPENSER W H.Transportation and Sustainable Campus Communities[M].Washington DC:Island Press,2004.
[3]Carl V P,David S S.Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning[M].北京:华夏出版社,2001.
[4]辛军伟.大学校园静态交通规划研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.
[5]冷杰,晏克非.同济大学校园停车改善方案[J].交通与运输,2003.
[6]李凯.高校校园机动车静态交通规划与管理方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[7]郑淑鉴,郑喜双,韦清波,等.停车场运行评价指标体系研究[J].交通信息与安全,2014,32(2):68-71.
[8]建标128—2010,城市公共停车场工程项目建设标准[S].
[9]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.停车场规划设计规则[Z].2004.
[10]徐俊斌.大学校园交通规划理论与设计方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2012.
[11]卢晓晨.大学新校区功能布局及交通特性分析[D].西安:长安大学,2015.
[12]王曼,吴兵,李林波.基于区位条件的停车配建指标研究[J].交通信息与安全,2009,27(1):44-47.
[13]陈峻,谢凯.中心城区高校停车泊位共享的动态分配模型及效果评价[J].中国公路学报,2015,128(11):104-111.