干旱胁迫对草石蚕保护酶活性和渗透调节物质的影响
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摘要
以抗旱性不同的3个草石蚕品种为试材,研究干旱胁迫下草石蚕保护酶活性和渗透调节物质的变化规律,分析不同抗旱性品种在干旱胁迫下的生理变化,以期为草石蚕的抗旱性鉴定提供参考依据,并进一步为筛选和选育抗旱性品种提供理论基础。在设施内采用自然干旱胁迫方法,分别胁迫4,8,12和16 d,通过测定各生理指标的数据,研究干旱胁迫对草石蚕的影响。结果表明:随干旱胁迫时间延长,3个品种的可溶性糖和Pro含量逐渐增加;"贵栽1号"可溶性蛋白含量一直升高,而"鲁引1号"和"赣引1号"则呈先升高后降低的变化趋势; SOD、POD和CAT活性逐渐升高;膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量逐渐增加。抗旱性强的"贵栽1号"可溶性糖、Pro和MDA含量增加幅度最低,SOD、POD和CAT活性升高幅度最大。草石蚕保护酶系统、渗透调节物质和膜脂过氧化产物的变化规律与干旱胁迫程度和品种抗旱性有关。
Three varieties of stachys Sieboldii Miq.with different drought resistance were used to investigate the effect of drought stress on protective enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances and analyze the changes in physiological properties under drought stress.The experiment could provide theoretical basis for selecting the varieties of stachys Sieboldii Miq with drought resistance. The effects of drought stress on stachys Sieboldii Miq which was treated by natural drought stress for 4,8,12,and 16 days were studied by using the data of physiological indexes in the present study.The results showed that the content of soluble sugar,Pro and MDA rose gradually,and the activities of SOD,POD and CAT kept rising all the time under drought stress.Thecontent of soluble sugar,Pro and MDA of the variety"Guizai NO.1"which had good drought resistance had the smallest increasing amplitude.While the activities of SOD,POD and CAT of"Guizai NO.1"had the largest increasing amplitude.The content of soluble protein of the varieties"Luyin No.1"and"Ganyin No.1"rose in the first stage,and then fell under drought stress.While the content of soluble protein of"Guizai NO.1"kept rising all the time.It could be concluded that the protective enzyme system and osmotic adjustment substance were affected by drought in stachys sieboldii Miq.stress,and the degree of the effect was related to the drought resistance of varieties.
Three varieties of stachys Sieboldii Miq.with different drought resistance were used to investigate the effect of drought stress on protective enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances and analyze the changes in physiological properties under drought stress.The experiment could provide theoretical basis for selecting the varieties of stachys Sieboldii Miq with drought resistance. The effects of drought stress on stachys Sieboldii Miq which was treated by natural drought stress for 4,8,12,and 16 days were studied by using the data of physiological indexes in the present study.The results showed that the content of soluble sugar,Pro and MDA rose gradually,and the activities of SOD,POD and CAT kept rising all the time under drought stress.Thecontent of soluble sugar,Pro and MDA of the variety"Guizai NO.1"which had good drought resistance had the smallest increasing amplitude.While the activities of SOD,POD and CAT of"Guizai NO.1"had the largest increasing amplitude.The content of soluble protein of the varieties"Luyin No.1"and"Ganyin No.1"rose in the first stage,and then fell under drought stress.While the content of soluble protein of"Guizai NO.1"kept rising all the time.It could be concluded that the protective enzyme system and osmotic adjustment substance were affected by drought in stachys sieboldii Miq.stress,and the degree of the effect was related to the drought resistance of varieties.
引文
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[13]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Wang X K.The principle and technique of plant physiology and biochemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[14]王晶懋,张楚涵,闫庆伟,等.植物抗旱的生理渗透调节及保护酶活性研究进展[J].黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报,2012,25(2):31-33.Wang J M,Zhang C H,Yan Q W,et al.The research progress on physiological osmosis regulation and protective enzyme activity of plant drought resistance[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Vocational Institute of Ecological Engineering,2012,25(2):31-33.
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[18]Dure L.P1ant responses to cellular dehydration during environment stress[J].Plant Physiology,1993,103(10):91-93.
[19]李强,曹建华,余龙江,等.干旱胁迫过程中外源钙对忍冬光合生理的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(10):2291-2296.Li Q,Cao J H,Yu L J,et al.Effect of exogenous calcium on the photosynthetic characteristics of Lonicera japonica Thunb under drought stress[J].Ecology and Environment,2010,19(10):2291-2296.
[20]张明生,谢波,谈锋,等.甘薯可溶性蛋白、叶绿素及ATP含量变化与品种抗旱性关系的研究[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(1):l3-l6.Zhang M S,Xie B,Tan F,et al.Relationship among soluble protein,chlorophyll and ATP in sweet potato under water stress with drought resistance[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(1):13-16.
[21]陈明涛,赵忠,权金娥.干旱对4种苗木根尖可溶性蛋白组分和含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(6):1157-1165.Chen M T,Zhao Z,Quan J E.Variation of soluble protein components and contents in seedling root tips of four trees under drought stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(6):1157-1165.
[22]鲁存海.8种野生早熟禾抗旱性及草坪质量综合评价研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2010.Lu C H.Study on comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and turf quality of 8 wild[D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2010.
[23]Giannopolitis C N,Ries S K.Superoxide dismutase II.Purification and quantitative relationship with water soluble protein in seedlings[J].Plant Physiology,1977,59(6):315-318.
[24]姜义宝,杨玉荣,郑秋红.外源一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下苜蓿幼苗抗氧化酶活性和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(2):65-68.Jiang Y B,Yang Y R,Zheng Q H.Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of alfalfa seedlings under drought stress[J].Agricultural Research in Arid Areas,2008,26(2):65-68.
[25]何亚丽,刘友良,陈权,等.水杨酸和热锻炼诱导的高羊茅幼苗的耐热性与抗氧化的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2002,28(2):89-95.He Y L,Liu Y L,Chen Q,et al.Thermotolerance related to antioxidation induced by salicylic acid and heat hardening in tall fescue seedlings[J].Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2002,28(2):89-95.
[26]宁建凤.氮对盐胁迫下库拉索芦荟生长及生理特性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2005.Ning J F.Effects of nitrogen on the growth and physiological characteristics of Aloe vera under salt stress[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2005.
[27]贺鸿雁,孙存华,杜伟,等.PEG6000胁迫对花生幼苗渗透调节物质的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2006,28(1):76-82.He H Y,Sun C H,Du W,et al.Effects of PEG6000 osmotic stress on osmolytes of peanut seedling[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2006,28(1):76-82.
[28]孙国荣,彭永臻,阎秀峰,等.干旱胁迫对白桦实生苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].林业科学,2003,39(1):165-167.Sun G R,Peng Y Z,Yan X F,et al.Effect of drought stress on cell defense enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves of Betula platyphylla seedlings[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2003,39(1):165-167.
[29]阎秀峰,李晶,祖元刚.干旱胁迫对红松幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].生态学报,1999,19(6):850-854.Yan X F,Li J,Zu Y G.Effects of drought stress on protective enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in Pinus koraiensis Seedlings[J].Journal of Ecology,1999,19(6):850-854.
[2]杨肖华,郭圣茂,冯美玲,等.干旱胁迫及复水对射干光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2018,40(3):525-532.Yang X H,Guo S M,Feng M L,et al.Effects of drought stress and re-watering on the characteristics of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of blackberry lily[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2018,40(3):525-532.
[3]马剑,刘桂林,颉芳芳,等.水分胁迫对八宝景天生理特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(6):99-102.Ma J,Liu G L,Xie F F,et al.Effect of water stress on growth and physiological characteristics of sedum spectabile[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(6):99-102.
[4]李得孝,崔黎艳,陈耀锋.渗透胁迫对玉米幼苗叶片叶绿素含量及POD活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(1):140-148.Li D X,Cui L Y,Chen Y F.Effects of chlorophyll content and POD activity on osmotic stress at seedling stage of maize hybrids[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2007,25(1):140-148.
[5]冯晓敏,张永清.水分胁迫对糜子植株苗期生长和光合特性的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(8):1513-1521.Feng X M,Zhang Y Q.Effect of water stress on seedling growth and photosynthetic characteristics in broomcorn millet[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(8):1513-1521.
[6]陈健辉,李荣华,郭培国,等.干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性大麦品种叶片超微结构的影响[J].植物学报,2011,46(1):28-36.Chen J H,Li R H,Guo P G,et al.Impact of drought stress on the ultrastructure of leaf cells in different barley genotypes of drought tolerance[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2011,46(1):28-36.
[7]卞付萍.干旱胁迫下水榆花楸生长及生理特性的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2014.Bian F P.Effect of drought stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Sorbus alnifolia[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2014.
[8]何梅,施大伟,胡玉安,等.干旱胁迫下银杏雌雄植株的生长及内源激素含量的差异[J].江西农业大学学报,2017,39(6):1154-1162.He M,Shi D W,Hu Y A,et al.Gender differences in the growth and endogenous hormone contents of male and female Ginkgo biloba under drought stress[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2017,39(6):1154-1162
[9]李滨胜,周玉迁,潘杰,等.干旱胁迫下细叶景天生理生化指标的变化[J].北方园艺,2010(16):105-107.Li B S,Zhou Y Q,Pan J,et al.Variation of physiological and biochemical indexes in drought stress of Sedum middenoffianum Maxim[J].Northern Horticulture,2010(16):105-107.
[10]李明,王根轩.干旱胁迫对甘草幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].生态学报,2002,22(4):503-507.Li M,Wang G X.Effect of drought stress on the activities of cell defense enzymes and lipid peroxidation in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2002,22(4):503-507.
[11]赵建青.草石蚕高产栽培及加工技术[J].农业技术与装备,2009,4(8):36-37.Zhao J Q.High yield cultivation and processing technique of Stachys sieboldii Miq.[J].Agricultural Technology and Equipment,2009,4(8):36-37.
[12]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.Li H S.Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000.
[13]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Wang X K.The principle and technique of plant physiology and biochemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[14]王晶懋,张楚涵,闫庆伟,等.植物抗旱的生理渗透调节及保护酶活性研究进展[J].黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报,2012,25(2):31-33.Wang J M,Zhang C H,Yan Q W,et al.The research progress on physiological osmosis regulation and protective enzyme activity of plant drought resistance[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Vocational Institute of Ecological Engineering,2012,25(2):31-33.
[15]金不换.干旱胁迫对不同品种早熟禾形态和生理特性影响的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2009.Jin B H.Research on drought stress affect morphological and physiological characteristics of different cultivars of bluegrass[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2009.
[16]郭春芳,孙云.干旱胁迫下植物的渗透调节及脯氨酸代谢研究进展[J].福建教育学院学报,2015,16(1):114-128.Guo C F,Sun Y.Advances in osmotic adjustment and proline metabolism of plants under drought stress[J].Journal of Fujian Institute of Education,2015,16(1):114-128.
[17]李瑞智,黄林.二氧化硫对小麦、绿豆幼苗游离脯氨酸的影响[J].重庆环境科学,1989,11(1):23-26.Li R Z,Huang L.The effect of SO2on the free proline in wheat and gram seedlings[J].Chongqing Environmental Science,1989,11(1):23-26.
[18]Dure L.P1ant responses to cellular dehydration during environment stress[J].Plant Physiology,1993,103(10):91-93.
[19]李强,曹建华,余龙江,等.干旱胁迫过程中外源钙对忍冬光合生理的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(10):2291-2296.Li Q,Cao J H,Yu L J,et al.Effect of exogenous calcium on the photosynthetic characteristics of Lonicera japonica Thunb under drought stress[J].Ecology and Environment,2010,19(10):2291-2296.
[20]张明生,谢波,谈锋,等.甘薯可溶性蛋白、叶绿素及ATP含量变化与品种抗旱性关系的研究[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(1):l3-l6.Zhang M S,Xie B,Tan F,et al.Relationship among soluble protein,chlorophyll and ATP in sweet potato under water stress with drought resistance[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(1):13-16.
[21]陈明涛,赵忠,权金娥.干旱对4种苗木根尖可溶性蛋白组分和含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(6):1157-1165.Chen M T,Zhao Z,Quan J E.Variation of soluble protein components and contents in seedling root tips of four trees under drought stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(6):1157-1165.
[22]鲁存海.8种野生早熟禾抗旱性及草坪质量综合评价研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2010.Lu C H.Study on comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and turf quality of 8 wild[D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2010.
[23]Giannopolitis C N,Ries S K.Superoxide dismutase II.Purification and quantitative relationship with water soluble protein in seedlings[J].Plant Physiology,1977,59(6):315-318.
[24]姜义宝,杨玉荣,郑秋红.外源一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下苜蓿幼苗抗氧化酶活性和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(2):65-68.Jiang Y B,Yang Y R,Zheng Q H.Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of alfalfa seedlings under drought stress[J].Agricultural Research in Arid Areas,2008,26(2):65-68.
[25]何亚丽,刘友良,陈权,等.水杨酸和热锻炼诱导的高羊茅幼苗的耐热性与抗氧化的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2002,28(2):89-95.He Y L,Liu Y L,Chen Q,et al.Thermotolerance related to antioxidation induced by salicylic acid and heat hardening in tall fescue seedlings[J].Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2002,28(2):89-95.
[26]宁建凤.氮对盐胁迫下库拉索芦荟生长及生理特性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2005.Ning J F.Effects of nitrogen on the growth and physiological characteristics of Aloe vera under salt stress[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2005.
[27]贺鸿雁,孙存华,杜伟,等.PEG6000胁迫对花生幼苗渗透调节物质的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2006,28(1):76-82.He H Y,Sun C H,Du W,et al.Effects of PEG6000 osmotic stress on osmolytes of peanut seedling[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2006,28(1):76-82.
[28]孙国荣,彭永臻,阎秀峰,等.干旱胁迫对白桦实生苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].林业科学,2003,39(1):165-167.Sun G R,Peng Y Z,Yan X F,et al.Effect of drought stress on cell defense enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves of Betula platyphylla seedlings[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2003,39(1):165-167.
[29]阎秀峰,李晶,祖元刚.干旱胁迫对红松幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].生态学报,1999,19(6):850-854.Yan X F,Li J,Zu Y G.Effects of drought stress on protective enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in Pinus koraiensis Seedlings[J].Journal of Ecology,1999,19(6):850-854.