超冷极性分子
|
摘要
目前对超冷原子的研究已经从最初的原子分子物理扩展到了物理的很多分支.极性分子可以将电偶极相互作用引入到超冷体系,同时分子又与原子类似,可以灵活地被光和其他电磁场操控,因而很多理论工作都预言了超冷极性分子在超冷化学、量子模拟和量子信息等领域会有重要的应用.但由于超冷基态分子的制备非常困难,如何把超冷物理从原子发展到分子还是一个方兴未艾的课题.过去的10年间,各种分子冷却技术都取得了很大突破,本文回顾了这些进展,并着重介绍了基于异核冷原子的磁缔合结合受激拉曼转移这一技术,该技术在制备高密度的基态碱金属超冷极性分子上取得了较大的成功.本文也总结了超冷极性碱金属分子基本碰撞特性研究的一些实验结果.
The research field of ultracold atoms has expanded from atomic and molecular physics to a variety of fields.Ultracold polar molecules have long range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions, and similar to atoms, can also be conveniently manipulated by laser and other electromagnetic fields. Thus, ultracold molecules offer promising applications such as ultracold chemistry, quantum simulation, and quantum information. However,due to the difficulty in creating ultracold ground state molecules, expanding the horizon of ultracold physics from atoms to molecules is still under development. In the past decade, many research groups have successfully created bi-alkali rovibrational ground state polar molecules using magneto association and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP). This paper presents a review of the recent progress including creating and manipulating ultracold molecules with this method, and the collision property of molecules at ultracold temperature.
The research field of ultracold atoms has expanded from atomic and molecular physics to a variety of fields.Ultracold polar molecules have long range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions, and similar to atoms, can also be conveniently manipulated by laser and other electromagnetic fields. Thus, ultracold molecules offer promising applications such as ultracold chemistry, quantum simulation, and quantum information. However,due to the difficulty in creating ultracold ground state molecules, expanding the horizon of ultracold physics from atoms to molecules is still under development. In the past decade, many research groups have successfully created bi-alkali rovibrational ground state polar molecules using magneto association and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP). This paper presents a review of the recent progress including creating and manipulating ultracold molecules with this method, and the collision property of molecules at ultracold temperature.
引文
[1] Bloch I, Dalibard J, Zwerger W 2008 Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 885
[2] Gross C, Bloch I 2017 Science 357 995
[3]Chin C, Grimm R, Julienne P, Tiesinga E 2010 Rev. Mod.Phys. 82 1225
[4] Bohn J, Rey A, Ye J 2017 Science 357 1002
[5]BaranovM,DalmonteM,PupilloG,ZollerP2012Chem.Rev. 112 5012
[6]Moses S, Covey J, Miecnikowski M, Jin D, Ye J 2017 Nat.Phys. 13 13
[7] De Mille D 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 067901
[8]Lahaye T, Menotti C, Santos L, Lewenstein M, Pfau T 2009Rep. Prog. Phys. 72 126401
[9]Trefzger C, Menotti C, Capogrosso-Sansone B, Lewenstein M2011 J. Phys. B 44 193001
[10]AndréA, De Mille D, Doyle J, Lukin M, Maxwell S, Rabl P,Schoelkopf R, Zoller P 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 636
[11]CarrL,De MilleD,KremsR,YeJ2009New J. Phys.11055049
[12]Griesmaier A, Werner J, Hensler S, Stuhler J, Pfau T 2005Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 160401
[13]Aikawa K, Frisch A, Mark M, Baier S, Rietzler A, Grimm R,Ferlaino F 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 210401
[14]Lu M, Burdick N, Youn S, Lev B 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107190401
[15] NiK,OspelkausS,WangD,QuéménerG,NeyenhuisB,Miranda M, Bohn J, Ye J 2010 Nature 464 1324
[16] Yi S, Li T, Sun C 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 260405
[17]Gorshkov A, Manmana S, Chen G, Ye J, Demler E, Lukin M, Rey A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 115301
[18]Yao N, Gorshkov A, Laumann C, L?uchli A, Ye J, Lukin M2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 185302
[19]Manmana S, Stoudenmire E, Hazzard K, Rey A, Gorshkov A2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 081106
[20] Shuman E, Barry J, De Mille D 2010 Nature 467 820
[21]Hummon M, Yeo M, Stuhl B, Collopy A, Xia Y, Ye J 2013Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 143001
[22]Norrgard E, Mc Carron D, Steinecker M, Tarbutt M, De Mille D 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 063004
[23]Anderegg L, Augenbraun B, Bao Y, Burchesky S, Cheuk L,Ketterle W, Doyle J 2018 Nat. Phys. 14 890
[24]Collopy A,Ding S,Wu Y,Finneran I,Anderegg L,Augenbraun B,Doyle J,Ye J 2018Phys. Rev. Lett.121213201
[25] K?hler T, Góral K, Julienne P 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 1311
[26]Marco L, Valtolina G, Matsuda K, Tobias W, Covey J, Ye J2019 Science aau 7230
[27]Aikawa K, Akamatsu D, Hayashi M, Oasa K, Kobayashi J,Naidon P, Kishimoto T, Ueda M, Inouye S 2010 Phys. Rev.Lett. 105 203001
[28]Takekoshi T, Debatin M, Rameshan R, Ferlaino F, Grimm R, N?gerl H, Sueur C, Hutson J, Julienne P, Kotochigova S,Tiemann E 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 032506
[29]Weinstein J, de Carvalho R, Guillet T, Friedrich B, Doyle J1998 Nature 395 148
[30]Maxwell S, Brahms N, de Carvalho R, Glenn D, Helton J,Nguyen S, Patterson D, Petricka J, De Mille D, Doyle J 2005Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 173201
[31]XuL,YinY,WeiB,XiaY,YinJ2016Phys. Rev. A93013408
[32] Chen T, Bu W, Yan B 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 053401
[33]BethlemH,BerdenG,MeijerG1999Phys. Rev. Lett.831558
[34]Sawyer B, Stuhl B, Wang D, Yeo M, Ye J 2008 Phys. Rev.Lett. 101 203203
[35]Xia Y, Yin Y, Chen H, Deng L, Yin J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett.100 043003
[36]YinY,XuS,XiaM,XiaY,YinJ2018Phys. Rev. A97043403
[37]HuangY,XuS,YangX2016J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt.Phys. 49 135101
[38] Rosa M 2004 Eur. Phys. J. D 31 395
[39]Stuhl B, Sawyer B, Wang D, Ye J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101243002
[40]Williams H,Caldwell L,Fitch N,Truppe S,RodewaldJ,HindsE,SauerB,Tarbutt M 2018Phys. Rev. Lett.120163201
[41]Cheuk L, Anderegg L, Augenbraun B, Bao Y, Burchesky S,Ketterle W, Doyle J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 083201
[42]JonesK,TiesingaE,LettP,JulienneP2006Rev. Mod.Phys. 78 483
[43]LiuW,WuJ,MaJ,LiP,SovkovV,XiaoL,JiaS2016Phys. Rev. A 94 032518
[44]Wu J, Liu W, Wang X, Ma J, Li D, Sovkov V, Xiao L, Jia S2018 J. Chem. Phys. 148 174304
[45]Ni K, Ospelkaus S, Miranda M, Péer A, Neyenhuis B, Zirbel J, Kotochigova S, Julienne P, Jin D, Ye J 2008 Science 322231
[46] Takekoshi T, Reichs?llner L, Schindewolf A, Hutson J, Sueur C,DulieuO,FerlainoF,GrimmR,N?gerlH2014Phys.Rev. Lett. 113 205301
[47]Molony P, Gregory P, Ji Z, Lu B, K?ppinger M, Sueur C,Blackley C, Hutson J, Cornish S 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113255301
[48] Park J, Will S, Zwierlein M 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 205302
[49]See?elberg F, Luo X, Li M, Bause R, Kotochigova S, Bloch I,Gohle C 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 253401
[50]Guo M, Zhu B, Lu B, Ye X, Wang F, Vexiau R, BouloufaMaafa N, Quéméner G, Dulieu O, Wang D 2016 Phys. Rev.Lett. 116 205303
[51]Yang H, Zhang D, Liu L, Liu Y, Nan J, Zhao B, Pan J 2019Science 363 261
[52]Wang F, He X, Li X, Zhu B, Chen J, Wang D 2015 New J.Phys. 17 035003
[53]WangF,XiongD,LiX,WangD,TiemannE2013Phys.Rev. A 87 050702
[54]Guo M, Vexiau R, Zhu B, Lu B, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O, Wang D 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 052505
[55]AikawaK,AkamatsuD,KobayashiJ,UedaM,Kishimoto T, Inouye S 2009 New J. Phys. 11 055035
[56]AikawaK,KobayashiJ,OasaK,KishimotoT,UedaM,Inouye S 2011 Opt. Express 19 14479
[57]Gregory P, Molony P, K?ppinger M, Kumar A, Ji Z, Lu B,Marchant A, Cornish S 2015 New J. Phys. 17 055006
[58]VexiauR,BorsalinoD,LepersM,OrbánA,AymarM,Dulieu O, Bouloufa-Maafa N 2017 Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 36709
[59]Guo M, Ye X, He J, Quéméner G, Wang D 2018 Phys. Rev.A 97 020501
[60]Lepers M, Vexiau R, Aymar M, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 032709
[61]?uchowski P, Kosicki M, Kodrycka M, Soldán P 2013 Phys.Rev. A 87 022706
[62] Byrd Jr J, C?téR 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 010502
[63]OspelkausS,NiK,WangD,MirandaM,NeyenhuisB,Quéméner G, Julienne P, Bohn J, Jin D, Ye J 2010 Science327 853
[64] Krems R 2008 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 10 4079
[65] Quéméner G, Bohn J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 022702
[66]Quéméner G, Bohn J, Petrov A, Kotochigova S 2011 Phys.Rev. A 84 062703
[67]Jones K, Maleki S, Bize S, Lett P, Williams C, Richling H,Kn?ckel H, Tiemann E, Wang H, Gould P, Stwalley W 1996Phys. Rev. A 54 R1006
[68]Ye X, Guo M, González-Martínez M, Quéméner G, Wang D2018 Sci. Adv. 4 eaaq0083
[69]GuoM,YeX,HeJ,González-MartínezM,VexiauR,G Quéméner, Wang D 2018 Phys. Rev. X 8 041044
[70]S?ding J, Guéry-Odelin D, Desbiolles P, Ferrari G, Dalibard J 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1869
[71]Weber T, Herbig J, Mark M, N?gerl H, Grimm R 2003 Phys.Rev. Lett. 91 123201
[72]Seto J, Roy R, Vergès J, Amiot C 2000 J. Chem. Phys. 1133067
[73]PashovA,DocenkoO,TamanisM,FerberR,Kn?ckelH,Tiemann E 2005 Phys. Rev. A 72 062505
[74]?uchowski P, Hutson J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 060703
[75]Mayle M, Quéméner G, Ruzic B, Bohn J 2013 Phys. Rev. A87 012709
[76] Gao B 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 263203
[77] Idziaszek Z, Julienne P 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 113202
[78] González-MartínezM,DulieuO,LarrégarayP,BonnetL2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 052716
[79]Liu L, Hood J, Yu Y, Zhang J, Hutzler N, Rosenband T, Ni K 2018 Science 360 aar7797
[80]Liu L, Zhang J, Yu Y, Hutzler N, Liu Y, Rosenband T, Ni K2018 Science 360 900
[81]LamM2017Ph.D.Dissertation(Singapore:National University of Singapore)
[82]Kozyryev I, Baum L, Matsuda K, Augenbraun B, Anderegg L, Sedlack A, Doyle J 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 173201
[83] González-Martínez M, Bohn J, Quéméner G 2017 Phys. Rev.A 96 032718
[84]DanzlJ,MarkM,HallerE,GustavssonM,HartR,Aldegunde J, Hutson J, N?gerl H 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 265
[85]Do?aj A, Wall M, Mukherjee R, Hazzard K 2016 Phys. Rev.Lett. 116 135301
[86]Chotia A, Neyenhuis B, Moses S, Yan B, Covey J, Foss-Feig M, Rey A, Jin D, Ye J 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 080405
[87]AndreevV,AngD,De MilleD,DoyleJ,GabrielseG,Haefner J, Hutzler N, Lasner Z, Meisenhelder C, O’Leary B,Panda C, West A, West E, Wu X 2018 Nature 562 355
[88] Kozyryev I, Hutzler N 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 133002
[2] Gross C, Bloch I 2017 Science 357 995
[3]Chin C, Grimm R, Julienne P, Tiesinga E 2010 Rev. Mod.Phys. 82 1225
[4] Bohn J, Rey A, Ye J 2017 Science 357 1002
[5]BaranovM,DalmonteM,PupilloG,ZollerP2012Chem.Rev. 112 5012
[6]Moses S, Covey J, Miecnikowski M, Jin D, Ye J 2017 Nat.Phys. 13 13
[7] De Mille D 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 067901
[8]Lahaye T, Menotti C, Santos L, Lewenstein M, Pfau T 2009Rep. Prog. Phys. 72 126401
[9]Trefzger C, Menotti C, Capogrosso-Sansone B, Lewenstein M2011 J. Phys. B 44 193001
[10]AndréA, De Mille D, Doyle J, Lukin M, Maxwell S, Rabl P,Schoelkopf R, Zoller P 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 636
[11]CarrL,De MilleD,KremsR,YeJ2009New J. Phys.11055049
[12]Griesmaier A, Werner J, Hensler S, Stuhler J, Pfau T 2005Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 160401
[13]Aikawa K, Frisch A, Mark M, Baier S, Rietzler A, Grimm R,Ferlaino F 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 210401
[14]Lu M, Burdick N, Youn S, Lev B 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107190401
[15] NiK,OspelkausS,WangD,QuéménerG,NeyenhuisB,Miranda M, Bohn J, Ye J 2010 Nature 464 1324
[16] Yi S, Li T, Sun C 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 260405
[17]Gorshkov A, Manmana S, Chen G, Ye J, Demler E, Lukin M, Rey A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 115301
[18]Yao N, Gorshkov A, Laumann C, L?uchli A, Ye J, Lukin M2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 185302
[19]Manmana S, Stoudenmire E, Hazzard K, Rey A, Gorshkov A2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 081106
[20] Shuman E, Barry J, De Mille D 2010 Nature 467 820
[21]Hummon M, Yeo M, Stuhl B, Collopy A, Xia Y, Ye J 2013Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 143001
[22]Norrgard E, Mc Carron D, Steinecker M, Tarbutt M, De Mille D 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 063004
[23]Anderegg L, Augenbraun B, Bao Y, Burchesky S, Cheuk L,Ketterle W, Doyle J 2018 Nat. Phys. 14 890
[24]Collopy A,Ding S,Wu Y,Finneran I,Anderegg L,Augenbraun B,Doyle J,Ye J 2018Phys. Rev. Lett.121213201
[25] K?hler T, Góral K, Julienne P 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 1311
[26]Marco L, Valtolina G, Matsuda K, Tobias W, Covey J, Ye J2019 Science aau 7230
[27]Aikawa K, Akamatsu D, Hayashi M, Oasa K, Kobayashi J,Naidon P, Kishimoto T, Ueda M, Inouye S 2010 Phys. Rev.Lett. 105 203001
[28]Takekoshi T, Debatin M, Rameshan R, Ferlaino F, Grimm R, N?gerl H, Sueur C, Hutson J, Julienne P, Kotochigova S,Tiemann E 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 032506
[29]Weinstein J, de Carvalho R, Guillet T, Friedrich B, Doyle J1998 Nature 395 148
[30]Maxwell S, Brahms N, de Carvalho R, Glenn D, Helton J,Nguyen S, Patterson D, Petricka J, De Mille D, Doyle J 2005Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 173201
[31]XuL,YinY,WeiB,XiaY,YinJ2016Phys. Rev. A93013408
[32] Chen T, Bu W, Yan B 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 053401
[33]BethlemH,BerdenG,MeijerG1999Phys. Rev. Lett.831558
[34]Sawyer B, Stuhl B, Wang D, Yeo M, Ye J 2008 Phys. Rev.Lett. 101 203203
[35]Xia Y, Yin Y, Chen H, Deng L, Yin J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett.100 043003
[36]YinY,XuS,XiaM,XiaY,YinJ2018Phys. Rev. A97043403
[37]HuangY,XuS,YangX2016J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt.Phys. 49 135101
[38] Rosa M 2004 Eur. Phys. J. D 31 395
[39]Stuhl B, Sawyer B, Wang D, Ye J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101243002
[40]Williams H,Caldwell L,Fitch N,Truppe S,RodewaldJ,HindsE,SauerB,Tarbutt M 2018Phys. Rev. Lett.120163201
[41]Cheuk L, Anderegg L, Augenbraun B, Bao Y, Burchesky S,Ketterle W, Doyle J 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 083201
[42]JonesK,TiesingaE,LettP,JulienneP2006Rev. Mod.Phys. 78 483
[43]LiuW,WuJ,MaJ,LiP,SovkovV,XiaoL,JiaS2016Phys. Rev. A 94 032518
[44]Wu J, Liu W, Wang X, Ma J, Li D, Sovkov V, Xiao L, Jia S2018 J. Chem. Phys. 148 174304
[45]Ni K, Ospelkaus S, Miranda M, Péer A, Neyenhuis B, Zirbel J, Kotochigova S, Julienne P, Jin D, Ye J 2008 Science 322231
[46] Takekoshi T, Reichs?llner L, Schindewolf A, Hutson J, Sueur C,DulieuO,FerlainoF,GrimmR,N?gerlH2014Phys.Rev. Lett. 113 205301
[47]Molony P, Gregory P, Ji Z, Lu B, K?ppinger M, Sueur C,Blackley C, Hutson J, Cornish S 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113255301
[48] Park J, Will S, Zwierlein M 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 205302
[49]See?elberg F, Luo X, Li M, Bause R, Kotochigova S, Bloch I,Gohle C 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 253401
[50]Guo M, Zhu B, Lu B, Ye X, Wang F, Vexiau R, BouloufaMaafa N, Quéméner G, Dulieu O, Wang D 2016 Phys. Rev.Lett. 116 205303
[51]Yang H, Zhang D, Liu L, Liu Y, Nan J, Zhao B, Pan J 2019Science 363 261
[52]Wang F, He X, Li X, Zhu B, Chen J, Wang D 2015 New J.Phys. 17 035003
[53]WangF,XiongD,LiX,WangD,TiemannE2013Phys.Rev. A 87 050702
[54]Guo M, Vexiau R, Zhu B, Lu B, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O, Wang D 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 052505
[55]AikawaK,AkamatsuD,KobayashiJ,UedaM,Kishimoto T, Inouye S 2009 New J. Phys. 11 055035
[56]AikawaK,KobayashiJ,OasaK,KishimotoT,UedaM,Inouye S 2011 Opt. Express 19 14479
[57]Gregory P, Molony P, K?ppinger M, Kumar A, Ji Z, Lu B,Marchant A, Cornish S 2015 New J. Phys. 17 055006
[58]VexiauR,BorsalinoD,LepersM,OrbánA,AymarM,Dulieu O, Bouloufa-Maafa N 2017 Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 36709
[59]Guo M, Ye X, He J, Quéméner G, Wang D 2018 Phys. Rev.A 97 020501
[60]Lepers M, Vexiau R, Aymar M, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 032709
[61]?uchowski P, Kosicki M, Kodrycka M, Soldán P 2013 Phys.Rev. A 87 022706
[62] Byrd Jr J, C?téR 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 010502
[63]OspelkausS,NiK,WangD,MirandaM,NeyenhuisB,Quéméner G, Julienne P, Bohn J, Jin D, Ye J 2010 Science327 853
[64] Krems R 2008 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 10 4079
[65] Quéméner G, Bohn J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 022702
[66]Quéméner G, Bohn J, Petrov A, Kotochigova S 2011 Phys.Rev. A 84 062703
[67]Jones K, Maleki S, Bize S, Lett P, Williams C, Richling H,Kn?ckel H, Tiemann E, Wang H, Gould P, Stwalley W 1996Phys. Rev. A 54 R1006
[68]Ye X, Guo M, González-Martínez M, Quéméner G, Wang D2018 Sci. Adv. 4 eaaq0083
[69]GuoM,YeX,HeJ,González-MartínezM,VexiauR,G Quéméner, Wang D 2018 Phys. Rev. X 8 041044
[70]S?ding J, Guéry-Odelin D, Desbiolles P, Ferrari G, Dalibard J 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1869
[71]Weber T, Herbig J, Mark M, N?gerl H, Grimm R 2003 Phys.Rev. Lett. 91 123201
[72]Seto J, Roy R, Vergès J, Amiot C 2000 J. Chem. Phys. 1133067
[73]PashovA,DocenkoO,TamanisM,FerberR,Kn?ckelH,Tiemann E 2005 Phys. Rev. A 72 062505
[74]?uchowski P, Hutson J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 060703
[75]Mayle M, Quéméner G, Ruzic B, Bohn J 2013 Phys. Rev. A87 012709
[76] Gao B 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 263203
[77] Idziaszek Z, Julienne P 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 113202
[78] González-MartínezM,DulieuO,LarrégarayP,BonnetL2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 052716
[79]Liu L, Hood J, Yu Y, Zhang J, Hutzler N, Rosenband T, Ni K 2018 Science 360 aar7797
[80]Liu L, Zhang J, Yu Y, Hutzler N, Liu Y, Rosenband T, Ni K2018 Science 360 900
[81]LamM2017Ph.D.Dissertation(Singapore:National University of Singapore)
[82]Kozyryev I, Baum L, Matsuda K, Augenbraun B, Anderegg L, Sedlack A, Doyle J 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 173201
[83] González-Martínez M, Bohn J, Quéméner G 2017 Phys. Rev.A 96 032718
[84]DanzlJ,MarkM,HallerE,GustavssonM,HartR,Aldegunde J, Hutson J, N?gerl H 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 265
[85]Do?aj A, Wall M, Mukherjee R, Hazzard K 2016 Phys. Rev.Lett. 116 135301
[86]Chotia A, Neyenhuis B, Moses S, Yan B, Covey J, Foss-Feig M, Rey A, Jin D, Ye J 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 080405
[87]AndreevV,AngD,De MilleD,DoyleJ,GabrielseG,Haefner J, Hutzler N, Lasner Z, Meisenhelder C, O’Leary B,Panda C, West A, West E, Wu X 2018 Nature 562 355
[88] Kozyryev I, Hutzler N 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 133002