高面质比航天器轨道运动受摄分析
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摘要
随着航天科技的发展,柔性材料、充气结构被广泛地应用于航天器,航天器的面质比也越来越大;同时,与面质比相关的摄动加速度大大增加,对航天器轨道运动产生较大扰动。通过分析摄动加速度的本构关系,研究了高面质比航天器摄动加速度的量级;结合高斯摄动理论和太阳光压、大气阻力等摄动模型,讨论和分析了高面质比航天器的轨道演化。建立的光压模型表现出较强的稳定性,可避免求解复杂的地影方程。研究结果表明,大气阻力、太阳光压等摄动均对高面质比航天器在轨运动产生了强烈的影响。
With the development of aerospace science and technology,flexible materials and inflatable structure were widely used in spacecraft,and area-to-mass ratio of spacecraft became lager and lager.While some perturbations acceleration associated with area-to-mass ratio were also greatly increased,resulting in a greater disturbance to orbit. In this paper,the magnitude of major perturbations was studied by analyzing the constitutive equation of perturbation acceleration. And the orbital evolution of high areato-mass ratio spacecraft was analyzed based on the Gauss perturbation theory,the air drag and solar pressure model. The cylindrical shadow model established in this paper shows strong stability and can avoid solving complex earth shadow equation. Research results show that the influence of air drag and solar pressure is too large for high area-to-mass ratio spacecraft to be ignored.
With the development of aerospace science and technology,flexible materials and inflatable structure were widely used in spacecraft,and area-to-mass ratio of spacecraft became lager and lager.While some perturbations acceleration associated with area-to-mass ratio were also greatly increased,resulting in a greater disturbance to orbit. In this paper,the magnitude of major perturbations was studied by analyzing the constitutive equation of perturbation acceleration. And the orbital evolution of high areato-mass ratio spacecraft was analyzed based on the Gauss perturbation theory,the air drag and solar pressure model. The cylindrical shadow model established in this paper shows strong stability and can avoid solving complex earth shadow equation. Research results show that the influence of air drag and solar pressure is too large for high area-to-mass ratio spacecraft to be ignored.
引文
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[4]刘莹莹,刘睿,周军.摄动力对绕飞小行星航天器轨道的影响[J].飞行力学,2008,26(3):44-48.
[5]刘林.航天器轨道理论[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:252-305.
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[9]Hubaux C,Lema5tre A.The impact of earth’s shadow on the long-term evolution of space debris[J].Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy,2013,116(1):79-95.
[10]程昊文,汤靖师,刘静,等.大面质比空间碎片在太阳光压和引力作用下的轨道演化[J].空间科学学报,2013,33(2):182-187.
[11]Prasad P R,Sonney A,Rao S S,et al.Review of air density models for orbit determination[J].Acta Astronautica,1995,36(4):197-204.
[2]郗晓宁,王威.近地航天器轨道基础[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2003:124-152.
[3]王翔.充气展开太空舱的发展历程[J].太空探索,2016(8):24-27.
[4]刘莹莹,刘睿,周军.摄动力对绕飞小行星航天器轨道的影响[J].飞行力学,2008,26(3):44-48.
[5]刘林.航天器轨道理论[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:252-305.
[6]Aksnes K.Short-period and long-period perturbations of a spherical satellite due to direct solar radiation[J].Celestial Mechanics,1976,13(1):89-104.
[7]Valk S,Lema5tre A.Semi-analytical investigations of high area-to-mass ratio geosynchronous space debris including Earth’s shadowing effects[J].Advances in Space Research,2008,42(8):1429-1443.
[8]Hubaux C,Lema5tre A,Delsate N,et al.Symplectic integration of space debris motion considering several Earth’s shadowing models[J].Advances in Space Research,2012,49(10):1472-1486.
[9]Hubaux C,Lema5tre A.The impact of earth’s shadow on the long-term evolution of space debris[J].Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy,2013,116(1):79-95.
[10]程昊文,汤靖师,刘静,等.大面质比空间碎片在太阳光压和引力作用下的轨道演化[J].空间科学学报,2013,33(2):182-187.
[11]Prasad P R,Sonney A,Rao S S,et al.Review of air density models for orbit determination[J].Acta Astronautica,1995,36(4):197-204.