Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌预后影响因素的研究进展
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摘要
手术是Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的首选治疗方案,然而Ⅰ期NSCLC术后的5年生存率仍不理想。诸多临床病理及分子生物学因素与Ⅰ期NSCLC的预后显著相关。辨别这些危险因素对改善Ⅰ期NSCLC的预后有着重要作用。文章就影响Ⅰ期NSCLC预后的因素进行综述。
Surgical resection is the first choice for stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) while the postoperative 5-year survival rate is less satisfactory. Many clinicopathological and molecular biological factors are associated with the prognosis of stage Ⅰ NSCLC. Identification of these prognostic factors will facillitate to improve the prognosis of stage Ⅰ NSCLC. This article reviews the prognostic factors of stage Ⅰ NSCLC.
Surgical resection is the first choice for stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) while the postoperative 5-year survival rate is less satisfactory. Many clinicopathological and molecular biological factors are associated with the prognosis of stage Ⅰ NSCLC. Identification of these prognostic factors will facillitate to improve the prognosis of stage Ⅰ NSCLC. This article reviews the prognostic factors of stage Ⅰ NSCLC.
引文
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[27]Detterbeck FC,Boffa DJ,Kim AW,et al.The eighth edition lung cancer stage classification[J].Chest,2017,151(1):193-203.
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[33]Ma K,Zhan C,Wang S,et al.Spread through air spaces(STAS):a new pathologic morphology in lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2019,20(2):e158-e162.
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[36]Lin J,Beer DG.Molecular predictors of prognosis in lung cancer[J].Ann Surg Oncol,2012,19(2):669-676.
[37]Kratz JR,He J,Van Den Eeden SK,et al.A practical molecular assay to predict survival in resected non-squamous,non-small-cell lung cancer:development and international validation studies[J].Lancet,2012,379(9818):823-832.
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[39]Woodard GA,Wang SX,Kratz JR,et al.Adjuvant chemotherapy guided by molecular profiling and improved outcomes in early stage,non-small-cell lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2018,19(1):58-64.
[40]Lawson MH,Rassl DM,Cummings NM,et al.Tissue banking of diagnostic lung cancer biopsies for extraction of high quality RNA[J].J Thorac Oncol,2010,5(7):956-963.
[41]Alamgeer M,Ganju V,Szczepny A,et al.The prognostic significance of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1(ALDH1A1)and CD133 expression in early stage non-small cell lung cancer[J].Thorax,2013,68(12):1095-1104.
[42]Choi CM,Yang SC,Jo HJ,et al.Proteins involved in DNAdamage response pathways and survival of stageⅠnonsmall-cell lung cancer patients[J].Ann Oncol,2012,23(8):2088-2093.
[43]Martinez-Terroba E,Behrens C,De Miguel FJ,et al.Anovel protein-based prognostic signature improves risk stratification to guide clinical management in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients[J].J Pathol,2018,245(4):421-432.
[44]Coello MC,Luketich JD,Litle VR,et al.Prognostic significance of micrometastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2004,5(4):214-225.
[45]Wang J,Wang K,Xu J,et al.Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in non-small-cell lung cancer patients:a meta-analysis[J].PLoS One,2013,8(11):e78070.
[46]Crosbie PA,Shah R,Krysiak P,et al.Circulating tumor cells detected in the tumor-draining pulmonary vein are associated with disease recurrence after surgical resection of NSCLC[J].J Thorac Oncol,2016,11(10):1793-1797.
[47]Martin LW,D’cunha J,Wang X,et al.Detection of occult micrometastases in patients with clinical stageⅠnonsmall-cell lung cancer:a prospective analysis of mature results of CALGB 9761(Alliance)[J].J Clin Oncol,2016,34(13):1484-1491.
[48]Dai C,Xie H,Kadeer X,et al.Relationship of lymph node micrometastasis and micropapillary component and their joint influence on prognosis of patients with stageⅠlung adenocarcinoma[J].Am J Surg Pathol,2017,41(9):1212-1220.
[49]Rusch VW,Hawes D,Decker PA,et al.Occult metastases in lymph nodes predict survival in resectable non-smallcell lung cancer:report of the ACOSOG Z0040 trial[J].JClin Oncol,2011,29(32):4313-4319.
[50]Ruffato A,Mattioli S,Pileri S,et al.Do bone marrow isolated tumor cells influence long-term survival of non-small cell lung cancer?[J].Eur J Cardiothorac Surg,2009,35(3):463-468.
[51]Newman AM,Bratman SV,To J,et al.An ultrasensitive method for quantitating circulating tumor DNA with broad patient coverage[J].Nat Med,2014,20(5):548-554.
[52]Abbosh C,Birkbak NJ,Wilson GA,et al.Phylogenetic ctDNA analysis depicts early-stage lung cancer evolution[J].Nature,2017,545(7655):446-451.
[53]Chaudhuri AA,Chabon JJ,Lovejoy AF,et al.Early detection of molecular residual disease in localized lung cancer by circulating tumor DNA profiling[J].Cancer Discov,2017,7(12):1394-1403.
[54]Cargnin S,Canonico PL,Genazzani AA,et al.Quantitative analysis of circulating cell-free DNA for correlation with lung cancer survival:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Thorac Oncol,2017,12(1):43-53.
[55]Rizvi NA,Hellmann MD,Snyder A,et al.Cancer immunology.Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer[J].Science,2015,348(6230):124-128.
[56]Owada-Ozaki Y,Muto S,Takagi H,et al.Prognostic impact of tumor mutation burden in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer:brief report[J].J Thorac Oncol,2018,13(8):1217-1221.
[2]Aberle DR,Abtin F,Brown K.Computed tomography screening for lung cancer:has it finally arrived?Implications of the national lung screening trial[J].J Clin Oncol,2013,31(8):1002-1008.
[3]Ettinger DS,Wood DE,Akerley W,et al.Non-small cell lung cancer,Version 6.2015[J].J Natl Compr Canc Netw,2015,13(5):515-524.
[4]Goldstraw P,Chansky K,Crowley J,et al.The IASLC lung cancer staging project:proposals for revision of the TNMstage groupings in the forthcoming(Eighth)edition of the TNM classification for lung cancer[J].J Thorac Oncol,2016,11(1):39-51.
[5]Yang HC,Kim HR,Jheon S,et al.Recurrence risk-scoring model for stageⅠAdenocarcinoma of the lung[J].Ann Surg Oncol,2015,22(12):4089-4097.
[6]Suzuki K,Koike T,Asakawa T,et al.A prospective radiological study of thin-section computed tomography to predict pathological noninvasiveness in peripheral clinicalⅠAlung cancer(Japan Clinical Oncology Group 0201)[J].JThorac Oncol,2011,6(4):751-756.
[7]Takahashi M,Shigematsu Y,Ohta M,et al.Tumor invasiveness as defined by the newly proposed IASLC/ATS/ERS classification has prognostic significance for pathologic stageⅠA lung adenocarcinoma and can be predicted by radiologic parameters[J].J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2014,147(1):54-59.
[8]Koike T,Koike T,Yamato Y,et al.Predictive risk factors for mediastinal lymph node metastasis in clinical stageⅠAnon-small-cell lung cancer patients[J].J Thorac Oncol,2012,7(8):1246-1251.
[9]Kwon W,Howard BA,Herndon JE,et al.FDG uptake on positron emission tomography correlates with survival and time to recurrence in patients with stageⅠnon-small-cell lung cancer[J].J Thorac Oncol,2015,10(6):897-902.
[10]Shiono S,Abiko M,Sato T.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography and lymphovascular invasion predict recurrence in stageⅠlung cancers[J].J Thorac Oncol,2011,6(1):43-47.
[11]Keenan RJ,Landreneau RJ,Maley RH,et al.Segmental resection spares pulmonary function in patients with stageⅠlung cancer[J].Ann Thorac Surg,2004,78(1):228-233.
[12]Cao C,Chandrakumar D,Gupta S,et al.Could less be more?A systematic review and meta-analysis of sublobar resections versus lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer according to patient selection[J].Lung Cancer,2015,89(2):121-132.
[13]Sihoe AD,Van Schil P.Non-small cell lung cancer:when to offer sublobar resection[J].Lung Cancer,2014,86(2):115-120.
[14]Vansteenkiste J,Crino L,Dooms C,et al.2nd ESMO Consensus Conference on Lung Cancer:early-stage non-smallcell lung cancer consensus on diagnosis,treatment and follow-up[J].Ann Oncol,2014,25(8):1462-1474.
[15]Ginsberg RJ,Rubinstein LV.Randomized trial of lobectomy versus limited resection for T1N0non-small cell lung cancer.Lung Cancer Study Group[J].Ann Thorac Surg,1995,60(3):615-622.
[16]Wolf AS,Richards WG,Jaklitsch MT,et al.Lobectomy versus sublobar resection for small(2cm or less)non-small cell lung cancers[J].Ann Thorac Surg,2011,92(5):1819-1825.
[17]Blasberg JD,Pass HI,Donington JS.Sublobar resection:a movement from the Lung Cancer Study Group[J].J Thorac Oncol,2010,5(10):1583-1593.
[18]Nakamura K,Saji H,Nakajima R,et al.A phaseⅢrandomized trial of lobectomy versus limited resection for small-sized peripheral non-small cell lung cancer(JCOG0802/WJOG4607L)[J].Jpn J Clin Oncol,2010,40(3):271-274.
[19]Howington JA,Blum MG,Chang AC,et al.Treatment of stageⅠandⅡnon-small cell lung cancer:diagnosis and management of lung cancer,3rd ed:American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines[J].Chest,2013,143(5 Suppl):e278S-e313S.
[20]Wu Y,Huang ZF,Wang SY,et al.A randomized trial of systematic nodal dissection in resectable non-small cell lung cancer[J].Lung Cancer,2002,36(1):1-6.
[21]Darling GE,Allen MS,Decker PA,et al.Randomized trial of mediastinal lymph node sampling versus complete lymphadenectomy during pulmonary resection in the patient with N0or N1(less than hilar)non-small cell carcinoma:results of the American College of Surgery Oncology Group Z0030 Trial[J].J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2011,141(3):662-670.
[22]Hishida T,Miyaoka E,Yokoi K,et al.Lobe-specific nodal dissection for clinical stageⅠandⅡNSCLC:Japanese multi-institutional retrospective study using a propensity score analysis[J].J Thorac Oncol,2016,11(9):1529-1537.
[23]Hishida T,Saji H,Watanabe SI,et al.A randomized phaseⅢtrial of lobe-specific vs.systematic nodal dissection for clinical stageⅠ~Ⅱnon-small cell lung cancer(JCOG1413)[J].Jpn J Clin Oncol,2018,48(2):190-194.
[24]Wu YC,Lin CF,Hsu WH,et al.Long-term results of pathological stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer:validation of using the number of totally removed lymph nodes as a staging control[J].Eur J Cardiothorac Surg,2003,24(6):994-1001.
[25]Ludwig MS,Goodman M,Miller DL,et al.Postoperative survival and the number of lymph nodes sampled during resection of node-negative non-small cell lung cancer[J].Chest,2005,128(3):1545-1550.
[26]Gulack BC,Yang CF,Speicher PJ,et al.The impact of tumor size on the association of the extent of lymph node resection and survival in clinical stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer[J].Lung Cancer,2015,90(3):554-560.
[27]Detterbeck FC,Boffa DJ,Kim AW,et al.The eighth edition lung cancer stage classification[J].Chest,2017,151(1):193-203.
[28]Port JL,Kent MS,Korst RJ,et al.Tumor size predicts survival within stageⅠA non-small cell lung cancer[J].Chest,2003,124(5):1828-1833.
[29]UICC.The TNM classification of malignant tumours[M].Geneva:Internatinal Union Against Cancer,1974.
[30]Kudo Y,Saji H,Shimada Y,et al.Impact of visceral pleural invasion on the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer[J].Lung Cancer,2012,78(2):153-160.
[31]Tsuta K,Kawago M,Inoue E,et al.The utility of the proposed IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma subtypes for disease prognosis and correlation of driver gene alterations[J].Lung Cancer,2013,81(3):371-376.
[32]Hung JJ,Jeng WJ,Chou TY,et al.Prognostic value of the new International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society lung adenocarcinoma classification on death and recurrence in completely resected stageⅠlung adenocarcinoma[J].Ann Surg,2013,258(6):1079-1086.
[33]Ma K,Zhan C,Wang S,et al.Spread through air spaces(STAS):a new pathologic morphology in lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2019,20(2):e158-e162.
[34]Travis WD,Brambilla E,Burke AP,et al.WHO classification of tumours of the lung,pleura,thymus and heart[M].4th ed.Geneva:International Agency for Research on Cancer,2015.26-48.
[35]Kuo SW,Chen JS,Huang PM,et al.Prognostic significance of histologic differentiation,carcinoembryonic antigen value,and lymphovascular invasion in stageⅠnonsmall cell lung cancer[J].J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2014,148(4):1200-1207.
[36]Lin J,Beer DG.Molecular predictors of prognosis in lung cancer[J].Ann Surg Oncol,2012,19(2):669-676.
[37]Kratz JR,He J,Van Den Eeden SK,et al.A practical molecular assay to predict survival in resected non-squamous,non-small-cell lung cancer:development and international validation studies[J].Lancet,2012,379(9818):823-832.
[38]Lu Y,Lemon W,Liu PY,et al.A gene expression signature predicts survival of patients with stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer[J].PLoS Med,2006,3(12):e467.
[39]Woodard GA,Wang SX,Kratz JR,et al.Adjuvant chemotherapy guided by molecular profiling and improved outcomes in early stage,non-small-cell lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2018,19(1):58-64.
[40]Lawson MH,Rassl DM,Cummings NM,et al.Tissue banking of diagnostic lung cancer biopsies for extraction of high quality RNA[J].J Thorac Oncol,2010,5(7):956-963.
[41]Alamgeer M,Ganju V,Szczepny A,et al.The prognostic significance of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1(ALDH1A1)and CD133 expression in early stage non-small cell lung cancer[J].Thorax,2013,68(12):1095-1104.
[42]Choi CM,Yang SC,Jo HJ,et al.Proteins involved in DNAdamage response pathways and survival of stageⅠnonsmall-cell lung cancer patients[J].Ann Oncol,2012,23(8):2088-2093.
[43]Martinez-Terroba E,Behrens C,De Miguel FJ,et al.Anovel protein-based prognostic signature improves risk stratification to guide clinical management in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients[J].J Pathol,2018,245(4):421-432.
[44]Coello MC,Luketich JD,Litle VR,et al.Prognostic significance of micrometastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer[J].Clin Lung Cancer,2004,5(4):214-225.
[45]Wang J,Wang K,Xu J,et al.Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in non-small-cell lung cancer patients:a meta-analysis[J].PLoS One,2013,8(11):e78070.
[46]Crosbie PA,Shah R,Krysiak P,et al.Circulating tumor cells detected in the tumor-draining pulmonary vein are associated with disease recurrence after surgical resection of NSCLC[J].J Thorac Oncol,2016,11(10):1793-1797.
[47]Martin LW,D’cunha J,Wang X,et al.Detection of occult micrometastases in patients with clinical stageⅠnonsmall-cell lung cancer:a prospective analysis of mature results of CALGB 9761(Alliance)[J].J Clin Oncol,2016,34(13):1484-1491.
[48]Dai C,Xie H,Kadeer X,et al.Relationship of lymph node micrometastasis and micropapillary component and their joint influence on prognosis of patients with stageⅠlung adenocarcinoma[J].Am J Surg Pathol,2017,41(9):1212-1220.
[49]Rusch VW,Hawes D,Decker PA,et al.Occult metastases in lymph nodes predict survival in resectable non-smallcell lung cancer:report of the ACOSOG Z0040 trial[J].JClin Oncol,2011,29(32):4313-4319.
[50]Ruffato A,Mattioli S,Pileri S,et al.Do bone marrow isolated tumor cells influence long-term survival of non-small cell lung cancer?[J].Eur J Cardiothorac Surg,2009,35(3):463-468.
[51]Newman AM,Bratman SV,To J,et al.An ultrasensitive method for quantitating circulating tumor DNA with broad patient coverage[J].Nat Med,2014,20(5):548-554.
[52]Abbosh C,Birkbak NJ,Wilson GA,et al.Phylogenetic ctDNA analysis depicts early-stage lung cancer evolution[J].Nature,2017,545(7655):446-451.
[53]Chaudhuri AA,Chabon JJ,Lovejoy AF,et al.Early detection of molecular residual disease in localized lung cancer by circulating tumor DNA profiling[J].Cancer Discov,2017,7(12):1394-1403.
[54]Cargnin S,Canonico PL,Genazzani AA,et al.Quantitative analysis of circulating cell-free DNA for correlation with lung cancer survival:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Thorac Oncol,2017,12(1):43-53.
[55]Rizvi NA,Hellmann MD,Snyder A,et al.Cancer immunology.Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer[J].Science,2015,348(6230):124-128.
[56]Owada-Ozaki Y,Muto S,Takagi H,et al.Prognostic impact of tumor mutation burden in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer:brief report[J].J Thorac Oncol,2018,13(8):1217-1221.