入伍新兵乙肝知识知晓情况及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解入伍新兵乙肝知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为制定乙肝健康教育预防措施与对策提供科学依据。方法随机抽取某特警学院2017-09入伍新兵326人,采用自行设计问卷进行一般信息调查和乙肝基本知识调查。结果乙肝知识总体知晓率为74.25%;城市地区新兵的乙肝知识平均得分为(12.67±2.02)分,高于农村地区新兵(12.13±2.09)分,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.06,P=0.04);不同文化程度入伍新兵乙肝知识知晓情况不同,差异具有统计学意义(H=41.56,P<0.001),文化程度越高的入伍新兵乙肝知识知晓情况越好;入伍前从事不同职业的新兵乙肝知识知晓情况不同,差异具有统计学意义(H=15.45,P<0.001),入伍前职业为学生与服务员的新兵乙肝相关知识知晓情况较好;网络为入伍新兵了解乙肝知识的最主要途径(88.04%)。结论不同地区、不同文化程度、入伍前从事不同职业的新兵乙肝知识知晓情况不同。针对来自农村、文化程度较低的入伍新兵,应加强宣教。
Objective The objective of this study was to know the awareness level of hepatitis B and influencing factors among army recruits, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention measures and countermeasures against hepatitis B. Methods A total of 326 military new soldiers from a special police college enrolled in September 2017 were randomly selected and investigated using self-designed questionnaires for general information and hepatitis B awareness status. Results The total awareness rate of hepatitis B was 74.25%, the average score of hepatitis B knowledge of recruits from urban areas(12.67±2.02) was higher than that from rural areas(12.13±2.09), and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.06, P=0.04); the difference in the knowledge of hepatitis B among recruits with different education backgrounds was statistically significant(H=41.56, P<0.001), the higher the education level, the better the awareness of hepatitis B. The difference in the knowledge of hepatitis B among recruits who were engaged in different occupations before enlistment was statistically significant(H=15.45, P<0.001). The knowledge of hepatitis B was better among recruits whose occupations were students and waiters before enlistment, and the Internet was the main channel(88.04%) for recruits to learn hepatitis B knowledge. Conclusions The awareness of hepatitis B is different among recruits from different regions, different educational levels and different occupations before enlistment. Education for recruits with relatively lower educational level from rural areas should be strengthened.
Objective The objective of this study was to know the awareness level of hepatitis B and influencing factors among army recruits, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention measures and countermeasures against hepatitis B. Methods A total of 326 military new soldiers from a special police college enrolled in September 2017 were randomly selected and investigated using self-designed questionnaires for general information and hepatitis B awareness status. Results The total awareness rate of hepatitis B was 74.25%, the average score of hepatitis B knowledge of recruits from urban areas(12.67±2.02) was higher than that from rural areas(12.13±2.09), and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.06, P=0.04); the difference in the knowledge of hepatitis B among recruits with different education backgrounds was statistically significant(H=41.56, P<0.001), the higher the education level, the better the awareness of hepatitis B. The difference in the knowledge of hepatitis B among recruits who were engaged in different occupations before enlistment was statistically significant(H=15.45, P<0.001). The knowledge of hepatitis B was better among recruits whose occupations were students and waiters before enlistment, and the Internet was the main channel(88.04%) for recruits to learn hepatitis B knowledge. Conclusions The awareness of hepatitis B is different among recruits from different regions, different educational levels and different occupations before enlistment. Education for recruits with relatively lower educational level from rural areas should be strengthened.
引文
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[15]Ganczak M,Dmytrzyk-Dani?ów G,KorzeńM,et al.Prevalence of HBV Infection and knowledge of Hepatitis B among patients attending primary care clinics in Poland[J].J Community Health,2016,41(3):635-644.DOI:10.1007/s10900-015-0139-5.
[16]谢忠尧,王晓峰,张英,等.北京市某社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓率及其影响因素调查[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(3):214-216.
[17]雷万春.研究健康知识宣讲对传染病预防与控制的意义[J].大家健康(上旬版),2016,10(1):27-28.
[18]王艳,刘筱威.健康教育对传染病预防控制的应用价值探讨[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(18):253-254.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9316.2016.18.164.
[19]李莉.刍议健康教育在传染病预防控制工作中的应用[J].中国卫生产业,2016,13(18):106-107.DOI:10.16659/j.cnki.1672-5654.2016.18.106.
[20]Cohen C,Evans A A,London W T,et al.Underestimation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the United States of America[J].J Viral Hepat,2008,15(1):12-13.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00888.x.
[21]Vermunt J,Fraser M,Herbison P,et al.Prevalence and knowledge of hepatitis C in a middle-aged population,Dunedin,New Zealand[J].World J Gastroenterol,2015,21(35):10224-10233.DOI:10.3748/wjg.v21.i35.10224.
[22]Sarpel D,Baichoo E,Dieterich D T.Chronic hepatitis Band C infection in the United States:a review of current guidelines,disease burden and cost effectiveness of screening[J].Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther,2016,14(5):511-521.DOI:10.1586/14787210.2016.1174066.
[2]Kowdley K V,Wang C C,Welch S,et al.Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among foreign-born persons living in the United States by country of origin[J].Hepatology,2012,56(2):422-433.DOI:10.1002/hep.24804.
[3]朱江,康群松.成都市某城乡结合社区居民乙肝知识认知情况调查分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2014,29(1):11-14.
[4]郭世成,王东海,涂秋凤,等.江西省乙肝高危人群感染状况及乙肝防治相关知识知晓率调查[J].现代预防医学,2013,40(10):1964-1972.
[5]曹玮民,唐玥,常国辉,等.重组乙肝疫苗在部队人群中免疫效果观察[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2016,34(3):327-330.DOI:10.13704/j.cnki.jyyx.2016.03.009.
[6]唐金芳,俞蕾斌,梁正铁,等.南宁市儿童家长乙肝防治知识知晓率调查[J].实用预防医学,2013,20(7):825-831.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2013.07.022.
[7]Pedersini R,Marano C,De Moerlooze L,et al.HAV&HBV vaccination among travellers participating in the National Health and Wellness Survey in five European countries[J].Travel Med Infect Dis,2016,14(3):221-232.DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.03.008.
[8]Kim M J,Lee H,Kiang P,et al.Debunking the myth:low knowledge levels of HBV infection among Asian American college students[J].Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs,2015,2(1):8-16.DOI:10.4103/2347-5625.152399.
[9]谭晓红.高校大学生乙肝感染情况的调查分析与健康教育对策[J].中外医疗,2010,29(1):149-150.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0742.2010.01.115.
[10]李春路.新兵对乙肝防治知识的认知与态度调查分析[J].医药前沿,2016,6(19):393-394.
[11]周先卡.乙肝防治知识的人际传播在乙肝防治中的作用评价[J/OL].临床医药文献电子杂志,2017,4(96):189 -190.DOI:10.16281/j.cnki.jocml.2017.96.150.
[12]姜慧芬,陈卓,方任华,等.我国2004年-2012年乙型病毒性肝炎疫情分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015,25(3):408-411.
[13]唐申,韦巧燕,陈建锋,等.儿童家长预防接种知识知晓情况现状分析[J].中国现代医生,2013,51(6):13-15.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9463.2012.10.020.
[14]叶鹏.乙肝防治中应用乙肝防治知识的人际传播的作用研究[J].中国社区医师,2016,32(33):186-187.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2016.33.117.
[15]Ganczak M,Dmytrzyk-Dani?ów G,KorzeńM,et al.Prevalence of HBV Infection and knowledge of Hepatitis B among patients attending primary care clinics in Poland[J].J Community Health,2016,41(3):635-644.DOI:10.1007/s10900-015-0139-5.
[16]谢忠尧,王晓峰,张英,等.北京市某社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓率及其影响因素调查[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(3):214-216.
[17]雷万春.研究健康知识宣讲对传染病预防与控制的意义[J].大家健康(上旬版),2016,10(1):27-28.
[18]王艳,刘筱威.健康教育对传染病预防控制的应用价值探讨[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(18):253-254.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9316.2016.18.164.
[19]李莉.刍议健康教育在传染病预防控制工作中的应用[J].中国卫生产业,2016,13(18):106-107.DOI:10.16659/j.cnki.1672-5654.2016.18.106.
[20]Cohen C,Evans A A,London W T,et al.Underestimation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the United States of America[J].J Viral Hepat,2008,15(1):12-13.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00888.x.
[21]Vermunt J,Fraser M,Herbison P,et al.Prevalence and knowledge of hepatitis C in a middle-aged population,Dunedin,New Zealand[J].World J Gastroenterol,2015,21(35):10224-10233.DOI:10.3748/wjg.v21.i35.10224.
[22]Sarpel D,Baichoo E,Dieterich D T.Chronic hepatitis Band C infection in the United States:a review of current guidelines,disease burden and cost effectiveness of screening[J].Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther,2016,14(5):511-521.DOI:10.1586/14787210.2016.1174066.