筇竹种子主要内含物成分与不同种源种子播种品质研究
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摘要
对筇竹种子主要内含物成分及不同种源种子的播种品质进行了研究。结果表明:1)筇竹种子主要有机养分为可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉、维生素C和粗脂肪,含量分别为12.54%、8.26%、2.48%、3.81%和12.97%,其中粗脂肪含量最高,可溶性淀粉含量最低;2)筇竹种子中氨基酸含量在0.36～10.50 g/kg,占总营养成分的1.23%～35.78%,其中天冬氨酸含量最高;3)筇竹种子矿质元素含量:钾含量最高,达到3 280 mg/kg,其次是磷,为672 mg/kg,铜的含量最低,为2.14 mg/kg;4)不同种源筇竹种子,在千粒质量、含水量和发芽率方面存在显著性差异,而形态特征上差异不明显;5)在不同环境条件下筇竹种子发芽率不同,其中在室内无菌条件下发芽率最高,为90.00%,在苗圃带菌环境下发芽率最低,为86.66%。
The main components of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda seeds and the sowing quality of the seeds of different provenance were studied. The results showed that: 1) The main organic nutrients of Q. tumidinoda seeds were soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble starch, vitamin C and crude fat, which were 12.54%, 8.26%, 2.48%, 3.81% and 12.97% in content, respectively. The content of crude fat was the highest while that of soluble starch was the lowest; 2) The amino acid content of Q. tumidinoda seeds was 0.36-10.50 g/kg, accounting for 1.23%-35.78% of the total nutrients, and the content of aspartic acid was the highest; 3) Among the mineral element content of Q. tumidinoda seeds, The potassium content was the highest at 3 280 mg/kg, followed by phosphorus at 672 mg/kg and the copper content at 2.14 mg/kg, which was the lowest; 4) Q. tumidinoda seeds of different provenances showed the significant differences in 1 000-grain quality, water content and germination rate, but the differences in morphological characteristics were not obvious; 5) The germination rate of Q. tumidinoda seeds was different under different environmental conditions, which was the highest under indoor aseptic conditions, i.e., 90.00%, while the lowest at 86.66% under the nursery environment.
The main components of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda seeds and the sowing quality of the seeds of different provenance were studied. The results showed that: 1) The main organic nutrients of Q. tumidinoda seeds were soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble starch, vitamin C and crude fat, which were 12.54%, 8.26%, 2.48%, 3.81% and 12.97% in content, respectively. The content of crude fat was the highest while that of soluble starch was the lowest; 2) The amino acid content of Q. tumidinoda seeds was 0.36-10.50 g/kg, accounting for 1.23%-35.78% of the total nutrients, and the content of aspartic acid was the highest; 3) Among the mineral element content of Q. tumidinoda seeds, The potassium content was the highest at 3 280 mg/kg, followed by phosphorus at 672 mg/kg and the copper content at 2.14 mg/kg, which was the lowest; 4) Q. tumidinoda seeds of different provenances showed the significant differences in 1 000-grain quality, water content and germination rate, but the differences in morphological characteristics were not obvious; 5) The germination rate of Q. tumidinoda seeds was different under different environmental conditions, which was the highest under indoor aseptic conditions, i.e., 90.00%, while the lowest at 86.66% under the nursery environment.
引文
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[13] 曾丽, 赵梁军. 一串红种子发育及内含物对种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2000, 5(1): 35-38.
[2] 董文渊, 黄宝龙, 谢泽轩, 等. 筇竹开花结实特性的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2001, 25(6): 30-32.
[3] 董文渊, 黄宝龙, 谢泽轩, 等. 筇竹种子特性及实生苗生长发育规律的研究[J]. 竹子研究汇刊, 2002, 21(1): 58-60.
[4] 陈松河, 胡宏友, 包宇航, 等. 小琴丝竹种子主要内含物成分和特性的研究[J]. 种子, 2012, 31(9): 71-73.
[5] 中国标准出版社. 中华人民共和国国家标准: 食品卫生检验方法·理化部分1: GB 5009.5-2010 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2012.
[6] 王学奎. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006.
[7] 刘玲, 孟淑春. 2012版《国际种子检验规程》修订通报[J]. 核农学报, 2012, 26(5): 762-763.
[8] 叶力勤, 王彩艳. 马蔺种子特性研究[J]. 种子, 2004, 23(10): 30-31.
[9] 高润梅 ,石晓东, 杨鹏. 稀有花卉植物猬实种子特性的研究[J]. 种子, 2005, 24(7): 34-36.
[10] 陈叶. 药食两用野菜: 地稍瓜种子特性研究[J]. 种子, 2005, 24(7): 88-89.
[11] 杜勇, 李姝妍, 宁胜明, 等. 商陆种子主要内含物的研究[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2004, 23(4): 41-42.
[12] 杨学军, 滕文军, 袁小环, 等. 苔草种子生物学特性和主要内含物与萌发关系研究[J]. 种子, 2012, 31(9): 52-54.
[13] 曾丽, 赵梁军. 一串红种子发育及内含物对种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2000, 5(1): 35-38.